Single scull

Modern composite single scull, above a 1920's wooden single scull

A single scull is a rowing boat used in the sport of competitive rowing. It is designed for a single person who propels the boat with two oars, one in each hand.

Racing boats (often called "shells") are long, narrow, and broadly semi-circular in cross-section in order to reduce drag to a minimum. They usually have a fin towards the rear, to help prevent roll and yaw. Originally made from wood, shells are now almost always made from a composite material (usually carbon-fibre reinforced plastic) for strength and weight advantages.

The riggers in sculling apply the forces symmetrically to each side of the boat. It is the 2nd slowest category of racing boat (faster than the coxed pair^[1] ), and competitors are recognised by other rowers as among the toughest, both physically and mentally: single sculling is sometimes known as 'king's class'. ^{[<span title="The only meaningful results for a Google a search for '"king's class" sculling' are from this page. Also, is there a citation for the "2nd slowest category" assertion? (June 2009)">citation needed]}

The single scull is one of the classes recognized by the International Rowing Federation and the Olympics, who set the minimum weight of the hull at 14 kg (30.8lbs): the average length is around 8.2m (27ft).^[2]

Rower in a scull on the Great Ouse river, England.

Single sculls are also used for the training of team rowers, serving primarily to enhance the rowers' technique. The main reason for this is that in a single scull a single person in the boat is responsible for all movement in the boat and therefore has direct feedback on the effect of their movements on balance and speed.

Single sculling time trials and races are sometimes used to measure individuals' rowing ability for selection into larger boats, since each rower's ability can be measured directly and there is no contribution from other crew members. However sculling ability and sweep-oar rowing ability are not the same. Powerful and accomplished sweep-oar rowers may not be able to demonstrate their ability in a single scull, where balance and technique are more critical.

A single scull Thames skiff has a similar layout but is clinker-built with fixed seats and tholes instead of outriggers and can be skiffed for leisure outings or in competitive races.

Major competitions

Max Schmitt in a single scull (1871) by painter Thomas Eakins.

• Wingfield Sculls (1830-)
• World Sculling Championship (Professional) (1831-1957)
• Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta (1844-
• Rowing at the Summer Olympics (1900-)
• World Rowing Championships (1974-)

References