Simon Paulli

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Simon Paulli

Simon Paulli (6 April 1603 – 25 April 1680), was a Danish physician and naturalist. He was a professor of anatomy, surgery and botany at the University of Copenhagen. The genus Paullinia is named after him.[1][2][3][4][5]

Paulli was the first court physician to Frederick III of Denmark,[6] and made valuable contributions to anatomy and botany. He authored and published several treatises in medicine and botany, notably, Quadripartitum Botanicum.[3] He was also a driving force between the establishment of the Domus Anatomica, the first anatomical theatre in Copenhagen.

Early life

Paulli was born at Rostock on 6 April 1603.[2] His grandfather, Simon Paulli, Sr., was a German theologian and first city superintendent of Rostock.[7] His father, Henry Paulli, was a physician to the queen Dowager of Denmark.[4] He had three sons: Jacob Henrik (1637–1702), an anatomist and diplomat in Danish services; Daniel (1640–1684), a bookseller and publisher in Copenhagen, also Simon printer and publisher in Strasbourg; and Olliger (Holger) Paulli (1644–1714), a successful merchant, secretary to the Danish East India Company, journalist and publisher.[8][4]

Paulli was schooled in several places, including Rostock,[9] Leiden, Paris and Copenhagen. He matriculated from the University of Copenhagen between 1626 and 1629. He received his M.D from Wittenberg. He worked as a physician in Rostock and Lübeck as a medical practitioner and later became professor of anatomy at Finck College. With the aid of Frederick III, he established "Anatomical theatre" at Copenhangen. He died on 25 April 1680 at Copenhagen.[2][4][5]

Works

Flora danica front page
  • Quadripartitum Botanicum, de Simplicium Medicamentorum Facultatibus:- a Latin quarto on medicinal plants published in 1639.
  • Flora Danica:- a volume published on garden plants and native ones known in Denmark in 1648.[1]
  • Commentarius De Abusu Tabaci Americanorum Veteri, Et Herbæ Thee Asiaticorum in Europe Novo:- This work was against tobacco and tea published in 1661. This was later translated into English by 'Dr. James' in 1746 as A treatise on tobacco, tea, coffee, and chocolate. In which I. The advantages and disadvantages attending the use of these commodities.[10]
  • Anatomical and Medicini Bedencken[2][3][4][8]

Honor

The Paullinia, genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family in botany is named in honour of him.[2][8][11]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Niels Stensen-Bibliography Simon Paulli (1603–1680). Whonamedit.com (1988-10-23). Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 1812 Chalmer’s Biography Simon Paulli (1603–1680) – vol. 24, p. 209. Words.fromoldbooks.org. Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 PAULLI, Simon. Quadripartitum Botanicum de Simplicum Medicamentorum Facultatibus. Asherbooks.com (2012-04-19). Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 John Gorton (1833). A general biographical dictionary. Whittaker and Co. pp. 710–. Retrieved 16 May 2012. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Charles Donald O'Malley; University of California, Los Angeles. Dept. of Medical History (1 May 1970). The History of Medical Education: An International Symposium Held February 5–9, 1968. University of California Press. pp. 286–. ISBN 978-0-520-01578-4. Retrieved 16 May 2012. 
  6. ↑ Strasbourg's "First" Astronomical Observatory Simon Paulli, the King's physician. (PDF) . Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
  7. ↑ Simon Pauli the older one. Multilingualarchive.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Simon Pauli the younger one. Multilingualarchive.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
  9. ↑ entry of Simon Paulli in Rostock Matrikelportal
  10. ↑ "A treatise on tobacco, tea, coffee, and chocolate. In which I. The advantages and disadvantages attending the use of these commodities, are ... ... Simon Pauli; and now translated by Dr. James.", Amazon (Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates), retrieved February 02, 2012 
  11. ↑ The genus is named Paul linia by Linnaeus in honor of Simon Paulli, a German botanist. Inkanatural.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16.

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