Silphium (genus)

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This article is about the plant genus. For the extinct ancient plant, see Silphium.
Silphium
Silphium integrifolium
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Asteroideae
Tribe: Heliantheae
Genus: Silphium
L. (1753)
Type species
Silphium asteriscus
L.
Species

See text. Sources: ING,[1] ITIS,[2] IPNI,[3] UniProt[4]

Silphium is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern North America. Members of the genus, commonly known as rosinweeds, are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.5–4 m tall, with yellow (rarely white) flowerheads. The name of the genus comes from the Ancient Greek word for a North African plant whose identity has been lost, though it is known its gum or juice was prized by the ancients as a medicine and a condiment.[5]

Species

  • Silphium albiflorum A.Gray – white rosinweed
  • Silphium asteriscus L. – starry rosinweed
  • Silphium brachiatum Gatt. – Cumberland rosinweed
  • Silphium compositum Michx. – kidneyleaf rosinweed
  • Silphium glutinosum J.R.Allison – sticky rosinweed
  • Silphium integrifolium Michx. – wholeleaf rosinweed
  • Silphium laciniatum L. – compassplant
  • Silphium mohrii Small – Mohr's rosinweed
  • Silphium perfoliatum L. – cup plant
  • Silphium perplexum J.R.Allison – Old Cahaba rosinweed
  • Silphium radula Nutt. – roughstem rosinweed
    • Silphium radula var. gracile (A.Gray) J.A.Clevinger – slender rosinweed
  • Silphium reverchonii Bush – Reverchon's rosinweed
  • Silphium scaberrimum Ell. – roughleaf rosinweed
  • Silphium simpsonii Greene – Simpson's rosinweed
  • Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. – prairie rosinweed, prairie dock
    • Silphium terebinthinaceum var. pinnatifidum (Elliott) A.Gray – tansy rosinweed
  • Silphium trifoliatum L. – whorled rosinweed
  • Silphium wasiotense M.Medley – Appalachian rosinweed

Sources: FNA,[6] IPNI,[7] NRCS,[8] GRIN,[9] ITIS,[2] UniProt[4]

Formerly placed here

  • Berlandiera × betonicifolia (Hook.) Small (as S. mollissima D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.)
  • Berlandiera pumila (Michx.) Nutt. (as S. pumilum Michx.)
  • Engelmannia peristenia (Raf.) Goodman & C.A.Lawson (as S. peristenium Raf.)
  • Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski (as S. trilobatum L.)[9]

Images

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Silphium.
Wikispecies has information related to: Silphium
  1. ↑ "Silphium". Index Nominum Genericorum. International Association for Plant Taxonomy. 1996-02-09. Retrieved 2008-06-24. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Silphium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-02-16. 
  3. ↑ International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search Results" (HTML). International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2008-06-24. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 UniProt. "Silphium" (HTML). Retrieved 2008-06-24. 
  5. ↑ "Silphium". Flora of North America. 
  6. ↑ Clevinger, Jennifer A. "269. Silphium Linnaeus". Flora of North America (New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press) 21: Page 65, 77, 157. Retrieved 2008-06-24. 
  7. ↑ International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search". International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2008-06-24. 
  8. ↑ "Silphium". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 2008-06-24. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). "GRIN Species Records of Silphium". Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 2011-02-16. 

External links

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