Scott Bradley

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For the professional baseball player, see Scott Bradley (baseball).
Scott Bradley
Background information
Birth name Scott Bradley
Born (1891-11-26)November 26, 1891
Origin Russellville, Arkansas, United States
Died April 27, 1977(1977-04-27) (aged 85)
Genres
Occupations
Instruments Piano
Years active 1930–1957
Labels Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

Scott Bradley (November 26, 1891 – April 27, 1977) was an American composer, pianist and conductor.

Bradley is best remembered for scoring the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) theatrical cartoons, including those starring Tom and Jerry (Hanna-Barbera 1940-1958, 113 of 114 episodes), Droopy (all 24 episodes), Barney Bear (all 26 episodes) and many one-off cartoons.

In an autobiographical sketch,[1] Bradley noted that he began his career performing with and later conducting theatre orchestras in Houston, Texas. He studied organ and harmony with Horton Corbett, the choir director of Houston's Christ Church Cathedral, but was "otherwise entirely self-taught in composition and orchestration."[Notes 1] In 1926, Bradley moved to Los Angeles to conduct programs over KHJ Radio, an activity that led to his growing involvement in animation at the start of the talkie era. He was a staff musician for Walt Disney (1929) and the Ub Iwerks studio (1930-1934), then became music director for Hugh Harman and Rudy Ising, who were hired to produce cartoon shorts for MGM. After MGM established its own cartoon studio in 1937, Bradley was hired permanently and remained with the company for twenty years.

During the 1930s, Bradley also composed music for the concert hall, including the tone poems "The Valley of the White Poppies" (1931) and "The Headless Horseman" (1932) and the oratorio "Thanatopsis" (1934), based on the poem by William Cullen Bryant. His most notable success was "Cartoonia" (1938), a four-movement orchestral suite of his MGM work, premiered by Pierre Monteux with the San Francisco Symphony. It was an early expression of Bradley's belief that cartoon music was an art form of great potential.[2]

As was common practice in scores for animation, Bradley's early style incorporated fragments of popular and traditional melodies. By the mid-1940s, however, his compositions and orchestrations had become more original and complex, occasionally utilizing the twelve-tone technique devised by Arnold Schoenberg. Other influences were Béla Bartók, Igor Stravinsky and Paul Hindemith. Sight & Sound magazine quoted concertmaster Lou Raderman's mock complaint: "Scott writes the most blank-blank-blank difficult fiddle music in Hollywood ... He is going to break my fingers!"[citation needed]

Bradley expressed considerable pride in his "funny music" and believed scoring for animation offered far more possibilities to the composer than live-action films. About his score for MGM’s Puttin’ on the Dog, he later wrote:
I hope Dr. Schoenberg will forgive me for using his system to produce funny music, but even the boys in the orchestra laughed when we were recording it. [3]

His music was originally published with the signature "red cape songs". No scores are in print as of 2009.

In 1954, MGM terminated his weekly contract but retained his services as a freelance, paying him $1,000 per film. This arrangement lasted until MGM closed its cartoon department in 1957, after which Bradley retired. He died on April 27, 1977 in Chatsworth, California and is buried at Chatsworth's Oakwood Memorial Park.

By the late 1980s, Bradley's reputation had been overshadowed by that of his Warner Bros. counterpart Carl W. Stalling, but experienced a resurgence at the start of the 21st century. The first Bradley soundtrack album, Tom and Jerry and Tex Avery Too!, received a limited-edition release in 2006 and the "Cartoonia" suite was revived in a performance by the Cleveland Youth Orchestra in 2012. The following year, the world premiere of "Tom and Jerry at MGM", a six-minute orchestral suite of Bradley cues reconstructed by Peter Morris and John Wilson, was a hit at a BBC Proms concert in London.[citation needed]

Notes

  1. ↑ Years later, when he was already established in Hollywood, he sought to improve his technique by studying privately with Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco.[citation needed]

References

  1. ↑ Goldmark, Daniel (2005), "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and Hollywood Cartoons", University of California Press, p. 46.
  2. ↑ Goldmark, Daniel (2005), "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and Hollywood Cartoons", University of California Press.
  3. ↑ "Who Knew?". Wagnersociertyny.org. Retrieved 2013-02-17. 

Bibliography

  • Goldmark, Daniel (2006): "Cartoon Concerto". Liner notes for Tom and Jerry & Tex Avery Too! Volume 1: The 1950s. Film Score Monthly CD Vol. 9 No. 17.
  • Goldmark, Daniel (2005): "Tunes for 'Toons: Music and Hollywood Cartoons." University of California Press.
  • Goldmark, Daniel and Yuval Taylor (eds.) (2002): The Cartoon Music Book. A Capella Books.
  • Maltin, Leonard (1987): Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons. Penguin Books.
  • McCarty, Clifford (2000): Film Composers in America: a Filmography, 1911-1970. Oxford University Press.
  • Morris, Peter (2007): Playing Cat and Mouse in BBC Music Magazine, March 2007. p44-48. British Broadcasting Corporation.

External links

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