Science Citation Index

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Science Citation Index (SCI) is a citation index originally produced by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and created by Eugene Garfield. It was officially launched in 1964. It is now owned by Thomson Reuters.[1][2][3][4] The larger version (Science Citation Index Expanded) covers more than 6,500 notable and significant journals, across 150 disciplines, from 1900 to the present. These are alternately described as the world's leading journals of science and technology, because of a rigorous selection process.[citation needed][5] [6][7]

The index is made available online through the Web of Science database, a part of the Web of Knowledge collection of databases. (There are also CD and printed editions, covering a smaller number of journals). This database allows a researcher to identify which later articles have cited any particular earlier article, or have cited the articles of any particular author, or have been cited most frequently. Thomson Reuters also markets several subsets of this database, termed "Specialty Citation Indexes",[8] such as the Neuroscience Citation Index[9] and the Chemistry Citation Index.[10]

Chemistry Citation Index

One 1980 study reported the overall citation indexing benefits for Chemistry.[11] The Chemistry Citation Index was first introduced by Eugene Garfield, a chemist. His original "search examples were based on [his] experience as a chemist".[12] In 1992 an electronic and print form of the index was derived from a core of 330 chemistry journals, within which all areas were covered. Additional information was provided from articles selected from 4,000 other journals. All chemistry subdisciplines were covered: organic, inorganic, analytical, physical chemistry, polymer, computational, orgartometallic, materials chemistry, and electrochemistry.[12]

By 2002 the core journal coverage increased to 500 and related article coverage increased to 8,000 other journals.[13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Garfield, E. (1955). "Citation Indexes for Science: A New Dimension in Documentation through Association of Ideas" (Free web article download). Science 122 (3159): 108–11. doi:10.1126/science.122.3159.108. PMID 14385826. 
  2. ↑ Garfield, Eugene. The evolution of the Science Citation Index (Free PDF download). doi:10.2436/20.1501.01.10.  International microbiology 10.1 (2010): 65-69.
  3. ↑ Garfield, Eugene (1963). "Science Citation Index" (Free PDF download). Science Citation Index 1961. Garfield Library - UPenn. Retrieved 2013-05-27. 
    • Originally published by the Institute of Scientific Information in 1964
    • Other titles in this document are: What is a Citation Index? , How is the Citation Index Prepared? , How is the Citation Index Used? , Applications of the Science Citation Index , Source Coverage and Statistics , and a Glossary.
  4. ↑ "History of Citation Indexing" (Free HTML download). Needs of researchers create demand for citation indexing. Thomson Ruters. November 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-04. 
  5. ↑ "Science Citation Index Expanded". Retrieved 2009-08-30. 
  6. ↑ Ma, Jiupeng; Fu, Hui-Zhen; Ho, Yuh-Shan (December 2012). "The Top-cited Wetland Articles in Science Citation Index Expanded: characteristics and hotspots". Environmental Earth Sciences. doi:10.1007/s12665-012-2193-y.  (Springer-Verlag)
  7. ↑ Ho, Yuh-Shan (2012). "The top-cited research works in the Science Citation Index Expanded". Scientometrics 94 (3): 1297. doi:10.1007/s11192-012-0837-z. 
  8. ↑ "Specialty Citation Indexes". Retrieved 2009-08-30. 
  9. ↑ "Journal Search - Science -". Retrieved 2009-08-30. 
  10. ↑ "Journal Search - Science - Thomson Reuters". Retrieved 14 January 2011. 
  11. ↑ Dewitt, T. W.; Nicholson, R. S.; Wilson, M. K. (1980). "Science citation index and chemistry". Scientometrics 2 (4): 265. doi:10.1007/BF02016348. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Garfield, Eugene. "New Chemistry Citation Index On CD-ROM Comes With Abstracts, Related Records, and Key-Words-Plus." Current Contents 3 (1992): 5-9.
  13. ↑ Chemistry Citation Index. Institute of Process Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 2003.

Further reading

  • Garfield, Eugene (1979, 1983). Citation Indexing: Its Theory and Application in Science, Technology, and Humanities. Information Sciences Series (1st ed.). New York: Wiley-Interscience. ISBN 9780894950247. 

External links

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