Scalenus anterior

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Anterior scalene

Psotion of scalenus anterior (shown in red.)

The anterior vertebral muscles. (Scalenus anterior visible at bottom left in red.)
Latin	Musculus scalenus anterior
Gray's	p.396
Origin	Transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebræ (C3, C4, C5 and C6)
Insertion	First rib
Artery	Ascending cervical artery (branch of Inferior thyroid artery)
Nerve	Ventral ramus of C5, C6
Actions	Elevates first rib, rotate the neck to the opposite side

The Scalenus anterior (scalenus anticus), also known as anterior scalene muscle, lies deeply at the side of the neck, behind the Sternocleidomastoideus.

Anatomy

It arises from the anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebræ, and descending, almost vertically, is inserted by a narrow, flat tendon into the scalene tubercle on the inner border of the first rib, and into the ridge on the upper surface of the rib in front of the subclavian groove.

Clinical significance

It can be involved in certain forms of Thoracic outlet syndrome.

Additional images

Position of scalenus anterior. Animation.
Close up.
Same as the left without skull.
Still image.
A cervical vertebra
Right first rib.
Muscles of the neck. Lateral view. Scalenus anterior shown in red.
Superficial dissection of the right side of the neck, showing the carotid and subclavian arteries.
Horizontal section of the neck at about the level of the sixth cervical vertebra. Showing the arrangement of the fascia coli. (Scalenus anterior visible at center left in green.)
The internal mammary artery and its branches.
The right brachial plexus with its short branches, viewed from in front.
Anterior scalene muscle
Anterior scalene muscle
Scalenus anterior
Scalenus anterior
Scalenus anterior

References

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Scalenus anterior.

LUC sa
1074135100 at GPnotebook
scalenus+anterior+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary

List of muscles of head and neck: the neck (TA A04.2, GA 4.387)

Cervical

CN VII (superficial, PC): platysma
CN XI (deep): sternocleidomastoid

C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: longus (capitis, colli)

C3–C8 (lateral): scalene (anterior, medius, posterior)

Suboccipital

C1: rectus capitis posterior (major, minor) · obliquus capitis (inferior, superior)

C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: rectus capitis (anterior, lateralis)

Suprahyoid

CN V3 (medial): mylohyoid · anterior belly of digastric

CN VII (lateral): stylohyoid · posterior belly of digastric

C1 (deep): geniohyoid

Infrahyoid/strap

C1: thyrohyoid
C1–C3: sternohyoid · sternothyroid · omohyoid

Fasciae

Deep cervical fascia (Pretracheal fascia, Prevertebral fascia, Investing layer) · Carotid sheath · Alar fascia

pharynx: Buccopharyngeal fascia · Pharyngobasilar fascia

Palatine aponeurosis

Pharyngeal raphe

Pharynx

pharyngeal constrictor (superior, middle, inferior) · longitudinal (stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus)

Larynx

cricothyroid · cricoarytenoid (posterior, lateral) · arytenoid (oblique arytenoid/aryepiglottic, transverse arytenoid) · thyroarytenoid (vocal, thyroepiglottic)

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

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