Satosi Watanabe
| Satosi Watanabe | |
|---|---|
| Born |
July 26, 1910 Tokyo |
| Died |
October 15, 1993 (aged 83) Tokyo |
| Other names | 渡辺 慧 |
| Occupation | Theoretical physicist |
Satosi Watanabe (渡辺 慧 Watanabe Satosi, 26 May 1910 – 15 October 1993) was a theoretical physicist. He studied various topics, such as pattern recognition, cognitive science, and the concept of time. He developed the Double Inferential Vector Formalism (DIVF), later known as the Two-state vector formalism (TSVF). He also proposed the Ugly duckling theorem.[1]
Early life and education
Satosi Watanabe was born on May 26, 1910, in Tokyo. He attended Gakushuuin Middle High School and Tokyo High School. In 1933, he graduated from Tokyo Imperial University in theoretical physics, where Torahiko Terada was his teacher.
The imperial government sent him to France to study. Louis de Broglie encouraged Watanabe to study thermodynamics and wave mechanics.
In 1937, he moved to Leipzig and started to study nuclear theory under Heisenberg. In the same year, Watanabe married Dorothea Dauer, a scholar of German literature.
In 1939, at the beginning of World War II, he left Germany and stayed with Niels Bohr for a time. In December, he returned to Japan with his family.
Career
In Japan, he worked at the Physical and Chemical Research Institute (Rikagaku Kenkyujo) at Tokyo Imperial University as an assistant professor, and as a physics professor at Rikkyo University. In 1950, he left for the United States.
He developed the Double Inferential Vector Formalism (DIVF),[2] later known as the Two-state vector formalism (TSVF).The DSVF/TSVF is one example of a time-symmetric interpretation of quantum mechanics (see Minority interpretations of quantum mechanics). Time-symmetric interpretations of quantum mechanics were first suggested by Walter Schottky in 1921,[3] and later by several other scientists. Watanabe proposed that information given by forwards evolving quantum states is not complete; rather, both forwards and backwards evolving quantum states are required to describe a quantum state: a first state vector that evolves from the initial conditions towards the future, and a second state vector that evolves backwards in time from future boundary conditions. Past and future measurements, taken together, provide complete information about a quantum system. Watanabe's work was later rediscovered by Yakir Aharonov, Peter Bergmann and Joel Lebowitz in 1964, who later renamed it the Two-state vector formalism (TSVF).[4]
In 1956, he became a researcher at the IBM Watson Laboratory and started to build his own information theory based on quantum mechanics. He taught at Yale University and the University of Hawaii, became chairman of the International Time Academy, and was the Vice President of International Philosophy Academy.
On October 15, 1993, he died in Tokyo.
Family
His father, Chifuyu Watanabe, was a Minister of Justice at Second Wakatsuki Cabinet. His elder brother, Takeshi Watanabe, was Vice Minister of Finance for International Affairs and director general of Asia Development Bank. His wife, Dorothea Dauer Watanabe, was a professor of German (language and literature) at the University of Hawaii. His son, Hajime Watanabe, is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
See also
- Two-state vector formalism
- Total correlation
- Granular computing
- Ugly duckling theorem
- Charles Sanders Peirce
References
- ↑ Watanabe, Satosi (1969). Knowing and Guessing: A Quantitative Study of Inference and Information (page scan). New York: Wiley. pp. 376–377.
- ↑ Watanabe, Satosi. "Symmetry of physical laws. Part III. Prediction and retrodiction." Reviews of Modern Physics 27.2 (1955): 179.
- ↑ Schottky, Walter. Das Kausalproblem der Quantentheorie als eine Grundfrage der modernen Naturforschung uberhaupt. Naturwissenschaften vol. 9, issue 25, pp. 492-496 (1921); vol. 9, issue 26, pp. 506-511 (1921);
- ↑ Yakir Aharonov, Lev Vaidman: Protective measurements of two-state vectors, in: Robert Sonné Cohen, Michael Horne, John J. Stachel (eds.): Potentiality, Entanglement and Passion-At-A-Distance, Quantum Mechanical Studies for A. M. Shimony, Volume Two, 1997, ISBN 978-0792344537, pp. 1–8, p. 2
Bibliography
- Le deuxième théorème de la thermodynamique et la mécanique ondulatoire, Paris : Herman et Cie, 1935
- Knowing and guessing : a quantitative study of inference and information, New York : John Wiley & Sons, 1969 ISBN 0-471-92130-0
- Pattern recognition : human and mechanical, New York : John Wiley & Sons, 1985 ISBN 0-471-80815-6
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