Salmas

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Salmas
سلماس

  • Overall View of Imam St. and Shahrdari Sq.

  • Islamic Republic Blvd., Near Panahi Technical School

city
Tomb of Salmas
Salmas
Coordinates: 38°11′50″N 44°45′55″E / 38.19722°N 44.76528°E / 38.19722; 44.76528Coordinates: 38°11′50″N 44°45′55″E / 38.19722°N 44.76528°E / 38.19722; 44.76528
Country  Iran
Province West Azerbaijan
County Salmas
Bakhsh Central
Population (2006)
 • Total 79,560
Time zone IRST (UTC+3:30)
 • Summer (DST) IRDT (UTC+4:30)

Salmas (Persian: سلماس‎; also Romanized as Salmās and Salamas; formerly, Dīlmagān, Dīlman, Shahpoor, Shāhpūr, and Shapur)[1] is a city in and the capital of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 79,560, in 19,806 families.[2]

The city is of Azeri origin, according to the Arabic geographer Mukadassi who visited Salmas in the 10th century[3] The population is a mixture of Azeri, Assyrians, Armenians, Kurds and Persians.

History

Early mention of Salmas was made in 1281, when its Assyrian bishop made the trip to the consecration of the Assyrian Church of the East patriarch Yaballaha in Baghdad.[4]

In the Battle of Salmas, 17–18 September 1429, the Kara Koyunlu were defeated by Shah Rukh who was consolidating Timurid holdings west of Lake Urmia.[5] However, the area was retaken by the Kara Koyunlu in 1447 after the death of Shah Rukh.

In Salmas in March 1918 the Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East, Mar Shimun, was murdered by the Kurdish chieftain Simko Shikak,[6][7][8] grandson of the Shakkak chieftain 'Ismail Agha' (d. 1816).[4]

Part of the Assyrian Genocide took place in Salmas and the surrounding region at the hands of the Ottoman Army and loyal Kurdish irregulars. This followed initially successful Assyrian military campaigns against the Ottomans and their Kurdish and Azeri allies.

See also

  • Iranian people
  • Iranian cities

References

  1. ↑ Salmas can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3082081" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  2. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)" (Excel). Islamic Republic of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-11-11. 
  3. ↑ The lands of the eastern caliphate: Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia, by Guy Le Strange
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Houtsma, M. Th. et al. (1993 reprint) "Salmas" E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936 Volume 4, E.J. Brill, New York, page 118, ISBN 90-04-09796-1
  5. ↑ Houtsma, M. Th. et al. (1993 reprint) "Tabrīz" E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936 Volume 4, E.J. Brill, New York, page 588, ISBN 90-04-09796-1
  6. ↑ Houtsma, M. Th. et al. (1993 reprint) "Shakāk" E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936 Volume 4, E.J. Brill, New York, page 290, ISBN 90-04-09796-1
  7. ↑ O'Shea, Maria T. (2004) "Trapped Between the Map and Reality: Geography and Perceptions of Kurdistan Routledge, New York, page 100, ISBN 0-415-94766-9
  8. ↑ Nisan, Mordechai (2002) Minorities in the Middle East: A History of Struggle and Self-Expression (2nd edition) McFarland, Jefferson, North Carolina, page 187, ISBN 0-7864-1375-1

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