Rube Waddell
| Rube Waddell | |
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| Pitcher | |
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Born: October 13, 1876 Bradford, Pennsylvania | |
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Died: April 1, 1914 (aged 37) Elmendorf, Texas | |
| Batted: Right | Threw: Left |
| MLB debut | |
| September 8, 1897 for the Louisville Colonels | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| August 1, 1910 for the St. Louis Browns | |
| Career statistics | |
| Win-loss record | 193–143 |
| Earned run average | 2.16 |
| Strikeouts | 2,316 |
| Shutouts | 50 |
| Teams | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
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| Induction | 1946 |
| Election Method | Veteran's Committee |
George Edward (Rube) Waddell (October 13, 1876 – April 1, 1914) was an American southpaw pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). In his thirteen-year career he played for the Louisville Colonels (1897, 1899), Pittsburgh Pirates (1900–01) and Chicago Orphans (1901) in the National League, and the Philadelphia Athletics (1902–07) and St. Louis Browns (1908–10) in the American League. Born in Bradford, Pennsylvania, Waddell was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946.
Waddell was a remarkably dominant strikeout pitcher in an era when batters mostly slapped at the ball to get singles. He had an excellent fastball, a sharp-breaking curve, a screwball, and superb control (his strikeout-to-walk ratio was almost 3-to-1). He led the major leagues in strikeouts for six consecutive years.
Personality problems
Waddell was unpredictable, and had a habit of leaving the dugout in the middle of games to follow passing fire trucks to fires. He performed as an alligator wrestler in the offseason. He was easily distracted by opposing team fans who used to hold up puppies and shiny objects, which seemed to put him in a trance on the mound. An alcoholic for much of his short adult life, Waddell reportedly spent his entire first signing bonus on a drinking binge (Sporting News called him "the sousepaw"). Waddell's eccentric behavior led to constant battles with his managers and scuffles with bad-tempered teammates. Complaints from teammates forced his trade from the Philadelphia Athletics to the St. Louis Browns in early 1908 despite his importance to the team and his continued success. Recent commentators (such as Bill James) have suggested that Waddell may have suffered from a developmental disability, mental retardation, autism, or attention deficit disorder (ADD). Not much was known about these mental conditions, or their diagnoses, at that time. Though eccentric and childlike, Waddell was not illiterate (as some sources have claimed), although Ken Burns' baseball documentary claimed he lost track of how many women he had married.
Pitching career
At first because of his immature behavior, and later because of his alcoholism, Waddell's career wound through a number of teams. His first pro contract was with Louisville (for $500), pitching two league games and a couple of exhibitions with the team at the end of the 1897 season. When the season ended, he was loaned to the Detroit Wolverines of the Western League to gain professional seasoning.
After defaulting on rent and being fined by owner George von der Beck, Waddell left Detroit in late May to pitch in Canada before eventually returning to Homestead, Pennsylvania to pitch semi-pro baseball there. Pittsburgh retained his rights, however, and he was loaned to Columbus of the Western League in 1899, continued with the team when the franchise moved mid-season to Grand Rapids, and finished with a record of 26–8. He rejoined Louisville in the final month of the 1899 season and won seven of nine decisions. When the National League contracted to eight teams for the 1900 season, Louisville ownership bought the Pittsburgh franchise and the Louisville franchise was terminated. Louisville's top players, including Waddell, Honus Wagner, Fred Clarke and others, were transferred to Pittsburgh.
Waddell debuted with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1900, leading the National League (NL) in ERA, but his erratic behavior led manager Fred Clarke to suspend him. After pitching semi-pro ball in small towns such as Punxsutawney, Connie Mack learned of Waddell's availability, and with Pittsburgh's approval convinced Waddell to pitch for Milwaukee for several weeks in the summer of 1900. Milwaukee was in the newly named American League (formerly the Western League), which was not yet directly competing with the NL. When Waddell displayed his prowess for Milwaukee, Pittsburgh management asked for Rube's return. By 1901, however, he had worn out his welcome and his contract was sold to the Cubs, then managed by Tom Loftus, who had had success with Waddell in Columbus/Grand Rapids. Loftus did not have the latitude to cope with Rube he had had as Columbus owner/manager. When problems led to his suspension, Waddell began pitching for semi-pro teams in northern Illinois, as well as Racine and Kenosha, Wisconsin.
Frank Chance and Joe Cantillon then invited Waddell to join a barnstorming team that travelled to California, where he was convinced to stay and joined the Los Angeles Loo Loos in a league that a year later would become the Pacific Coast League. Connie Mack, now in Philadelphia, was desperate for pitching, and when he learned Rube was pitching in California, he dispatched two Pinkerton agents to sneak Waddell back to Philadelphia, where he led the Philadelphia Athletics to the 1902 American League crown. Much later, Mack described his star left-hander as, "...the atom bomb of baseball long before the atom bomb was discovered."
Waddell's pitching repertoire usually consisted of only two pitches: one of the fastest fastballs in the league and a hard curve. But he had command of many more pitches, including slow curves, screwballs, "fadeaways" and even a "flutterball". Mack once said that Waddell's curve was, "even better than his speed... [He] had the fastest and deepest curve I've ever seen."[1]
Waddell enjoyed waving his teammates off the field and then striking out the side. He actually did so only in exhibition games, since the rules prohibit playing with fewer than nine men on the field in regulation play. But in a league game in Detroit, Waddell actually had his outfielders come in close and sit down on the grass to watch him strike out the side. Once the stunt almost backfired. Pitching an exhibition game in Memphis, he took the field alone with his catcher, Doc Powers, for the last three innings. With two out in the ninth, Powers dropped the third strike, allowing the batter to reach first. The next two hitters blooped pop flies that fell just behind the mound. Waddell ran himself ragged, but finally fanned the last man.[2]
His career stats were 193–143, 2,316 strikeouts, and a 2.16 earned run average, with 50 shutouts and 261 complete games in 2961 innings pitched.
In his prime, Waddell was the game's premier power pitcher, with 302 strikeouts in 1903, 115 more than runner-up (Bill Donovan), and followed that up with 349 strikeouts in 1904, 110 more than the runner-up (Jack Chesbro). No other pitcher would compile consecutive 300-strikeout seasons until Sandy Koufax in 1965 and 1966.
Waddell's 349 strikeouts was the modern-era season record for more than 60 years, and remains sixth on the modern list. (In 1946, it was initially believed that Bob Feller's 348 strikeouts had broken Rube's single-season mark, but research into his 1904 season box scores revealed uncounted strikeouts that lifted him back above Feller.) He still holds the American League single season strikeout record by a left-handed pitcher.
His drinking problem was exacerbated by a horrific marriage to May Wynne Skinner (his second of three wives) and a series of injuries in 1905 and 1906. In time, his alcohol use began to erode his relationships with his Athletics teammates. One-time friend catcher Ossee Schreckengost, who regularly fetched alcohol and fishing poles for Rube, squabbled with both Waddell and Mack for being treated differently for the same offenses. Other players complained about Rube's lack of dependable behavior, and following the 1907 season he had ended as the goat of a series that cost the A's the pennant won by the Detroit Tigers, Mack finally lost patience with him and sold Waddell to the St. Louis Browns for $5,000.
According to baseball historian Lee Allen in The American League Story, in 1903 Waddell began the year "sleeping in a firehouse at Camden, New Jersey, and ended it tending bar in a saloon in Wheeling, West Virginia. In between those events, he won 22 games for the Philadelphia Athletics, toured the nation in a melodrama called The Stain of Guilt, courted, married and became separated from May Wynne Skinner of Lynn, Massachusetts, saved a woman from drowning, accidentally shot a friend through the hand, and was bitten by a lion."
Waddell enjoyed one successful season, helping the Browns compete in one of the greatest AL pennant races ever. To make sure he stayed out of trouble during the offseason, Browns owner Robert Hedges hired him as a hunter over the winters of 1908 and 1909. However, further drinking and marital problems with his third wife, Madge Maguire, led to his release in 1910. He finished the season pitching with "Iron Man" Joe McGinnity for Newark in the Eastern League, and never played another major league game.
Final years
After his major league career was over, Waddell pitched for parts of three more years in the minor leagues, including a 20-win season for the Minneapolis Millers in 1911. In addition to pitching for the Millers, he pitched for the Minneapolis Rough Riders and with Virginia (MN) in the Northern League in 1913. By that season, however, his health had declined to such an extent that he no longer resembled the muscular, long-limbed hero of the prior decade.
While in spring training with the Millers, Waddell helped save the city of Hickman, Kentucky from a devastating flood in the spring of 1912. Catching pneumonia, he lost much of the vitality that had sustained him; and a second flood in Hickman and another ensuing case of pneumonia in 1913 took the rest. While in Minneapolis in 1913, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and was eventually sent to live with his sister in San Antonio, Texas. His health never recovered, and he was placed in a sanitarium until his death on April 1, 1914 at the age of 37.
Waddell was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946 by a veterans' committee that looked to enshrine a number of players from his era and the previous century who had contributed to the growth of the game. One of Waddell's contributions was that he was perhaps the greatest drawing card in the first decade of the century, a man whose unique talents and personality drew baseball fans around the country to ball parks.
In 1981, Lawrence Ritter and Donald Honig included him in their book The 100 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time. Under what they called "the Smoky Joe Wood Syndrome," they argued in favor of including players of truly exceptional talent whose career was curtailed by injury (or, in Waddell's case, substance abuse), despite not having had career statistics that would quantitatively rank them with the all-time greats.
Highlights
- Won Triple Crown for pitchers (1905: 27–10, 287, 1.48)
- 4-time 20-game winner (24, 21, 25, 27: 1902–05)
- Two ERA titles (1900, 1905), along with two second-place finishes in the category
- Six consecutive AL strikeout titles (1902–07), and five consecutive strikeout titles (1903–07) in the entire Major Leagues.
- Led his league eight times in strikeouts per nine innings (1900, 1902–1908; he finished second in 1901)
- Set league record for strikeouts in a game up to that time (16, 1908)
- Set record for strikeouts in a season for an AL lefty (349, 1904)
- On July 1, 1902, Waddell became the second pitcher to strike out three batters on nine pitches, in the third inning of a 2–0 win over the Baltimore Orioles.
- Collected 50 shutouts.
Other sports
Shortly after the 1902 baseball season, reports indicated Waddell would play for Connie Mack's Athletics football team. However, Rube never played for the football Athletics. In his biography of Connie Mack, Norman Macht quotes Mack: “There was a little fellow from Wanamaker’s [department store] who asked for the job of quarterback,” Mack said. “I don’t think he weighed more than 140. Well, the first practice Waddell tackled him and broke [the little fellow’s] leg. It was the first inkling John [Shibe] and I had that players could be badly hurt in football. We got Rube out of there without delay. He was supposed to be pretty good, but we never found out.” Waddell, instead, returned to his family's home in Western Pennsylvania and played with local football clubs there. Waddell played with various football teams in later years, including a stint with the Reading, Pennsylvania, club following the 1907 baseball season.
In 1909, Waddell was a goalkeeper in the St. Louis Soccer League.[3]
Notable games
- Waddell was the opposing pitcher for Cy Young's perfect game on May 5, 1904, and hit a flyball for the final out. In 1905, Waddell beat Young in a 20-inning game. In 1907, the two men pitched a scoreless 13-inning tie.
- On August 19, 1900, Waddell pitched the first game of a doubleheader for Milwaukee, winning in the 17th inning on his own triple. His manager, Connie Mack, offered Waddell a three-day fishing vacation if he agreed to pitch the second game (which had been shortened to 5 innings). Waddell threw 5 scoreless innings for the victory, and headed to Pewaukee Lake for fishing. Waddell also won both halves of a 1902 doubleheader (relieving in the second game).
- On July 29, 1908, Waddell set the AL strikeout record with 16 in a game. This took place against his former Philadelphia A's team, which had traded him away five months earlier as a disruptive influence.
- Jimmy Austin has claimed that, in 1909, he hit a home run off of a tipsy Waddell who then glared angrily at him during his entire trot around the bases. However, maintaining the 360-degree pivot made Waddell dizzy, and he passed out on the mound. Evidence indicates, however, that this story could not have happened as Jimmy Austin described it.[4] Austin likely merged three different games against Waddell into one memory. In their first meeting, Austin banged out a triple to the deepest part of center field in the first inning, but was stranded by Waddell, who retired the rest of the batters in order. In their second meeting, Waddell was removed from a game after being hit by a batted ball. In their third meeting, Austin likely faced a Waddell who had been bored by playing for a poor Browns club. In that game, Austin batted with runners on first and second and bunted. Rube twisted as he threw to third—and got the force out. However, he feigned injury and appeared less than cooperative to manager Jimmy McAleer, so McAleer pulled Waddell from the game. Oddly, Austin was removed from the bases when he tried to advance an extra base on a single to left field.
See also
- List of Major League Baseball ERA champions
- Triple Crown
- List of Major League Baseball strikeout champions
- List of Major League Baseball wins champions
- MLB All-Time Hit Batsmen List
- Pitchers who have struck out three batters on nine pitches
- List of top 100 Major League Baseball strikeout pitchers
- Major League Baseball titles leaders
References
- ↑ Allen, Lee & Meany, Tom. Kings of the Diamond, 1965.
- ↑ Rube Waddell at BaseballLibrary.com
- ↑ January 23, 1909 Sporting Life
- ↑ rubewaddell.net
External links
- Rube Waddell at the Baseball Hall of Fame
- Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Baseball-Reference (Minors)
- Page at Baseball Library
- Ron Schuler's Parlour Tricks: Rube Waddell
- Bio, mythology, and other information about Rube Waddell
- Rube Waddell video on YouTube
- Rube Waddell at Find a Grave
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