Round sardinella
| Round sardinella | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Clupeiformes |
| Family: | Clupeidae |
| Genus: | Sardinella |
| Species: | S. aurita |
| Binomial name | |
| Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847 | |
Round sardinella (Sardinella aurita) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Sardinella. It is found in both sides of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. [1]
Sardinella aurita went through a large boom in catch population around 1990. However, its numbers have been very stable through the last several years. They averaged 1.3 tonnes per trip over the last four years.[2] S. aurita prefers warm waters. It is a small pelagic species that lives in tropical and subtropical waters of the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Mediterranean and, occasionally, the Black Sea. The gonads start to develop in April and are fully mature one month later. Plankton in spawning regions are full of eggs and larva from the end of June into September.[3]
Diagnostic features
Sardinella aurita has a particularly elongate body, a relatively rounded belly, and a large number of fine gill rakers (up to 160). This is one of the largest Sardinella species, averaging 23 to 28cm. It has Sardinella eight pelvic fin rays. It has fronto-parietal stripes on the top of its head, a faint golden midlateral line, and a distinctive black spot on the hind border of the gill cover. It is often caught along with Sardinella longiceps, and the two are not easily distinguished.[1]
Habitat
The fish prefers shallower waters of around 24°C. It reaches depths of 350 m. It is a schooling fish that feeds on phytoplankton and zooplankton such as copepods.[1]
Fisheries
There are fisheries for this species off of the West African coast, in the Mediterranean Sea, and along the coasts of Venezuela and Brazil. Fishery numbers in 1983 totaled 1,983,000 tons.[1]
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Whitehead, P. J.P.; G. J. Nelson, and T. Wongratana. (1988). Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). Rome: United Nations Development Programme. pp. 93–95. ISBN 92-5-102667-X.
- ↑ FAO Corporate Document Repository. "Report of the FAO Working Group on the Assessment of Small Pelagic Fish off Northwest Africa." Fisheries and Agriculture Department. 2006.
- ↑ Sabate's, Ana; Paloma Marti'n, Josep Lloret, Vanesa Raya (2006). "Sea warming and fish distribution: the case of the small pelagic fish. Sardinella aurita, in the western Mediterranean". Global Change Biology 12: 2209–2219. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01246.x. Retrieved November 20, 2011.