Rosh Pinna

Rosh Pinna
Hebrew transcription(s)
• Hebrew	רֹאשׁ פִּנָּה, ראש פינה
• ISO 259	Roˀš Pinna
• Also spelled	Rosh Pina (official) Roch Pina, Rosh Pinah (unofficial)
Logo
Rosh Pinna
Coordinates: 32°58′12.01″N 35°32′31.72″E / 32.9700028°N 35.5421444°E / 32.9700028; 35.5421444Coordinates: 32°58′12.01″N 35°32′31.72″E / 32.9700028°N 35.5421444°E / 32.9700028; 35.5421444
District	North
Founded	1882
Government
• Type	Local council
• Head of Municipality	Avihud Rasky[1]
Area
• Total	17,569 dunams (17.569 km2 or 6.783 sq mi)
Population (2008)[2]
• Total	2,800

Old road from Rosh Pina to Safed, Upper Galilee, Israel.

Rosh Pinna is a town (local council) of approximately 2,800 people located in the Upper Galilee on the eastern slopes of Mount Kna'an in the Northern District of Israel. The town was founded in 1882 by thirty families who immigrated from Romania, making it one of the oldest Zionist settlements in Israel. In 2005, Rosh Pinna had a population of 2,400.

Geography

Rosh Pinna is located north of the Sea of Galilee, on the eastern slopes of Mount Kna'an, approximately 2 km (1 mi) east of the city of Safed, 420 m (1,378 ft) above sea level, latitude north 32° 58', longitude east 35° 31'. North of Rosh Pinna is Lake Hula, which was a swamp area drained in the 1950s.

History

Rosh Pinna (Hebrew: ראש פנה‎, lit. Cornerstone, alternate spelling: Rosh Pina) was one of the first modern Jewish agricultural settlements in history of the Land of Israel, then part of the Turkish Ottoman Empire. Rosh Pinna was established near the Arab village of al-Ja'una. In 1883, it became the first Jewish settlement in the Land of Israel to come under the patronage of the Baron Edmond James de Rothschild.^{[citation needed]}

Gei Oni was founded in 1878 by Jews from Safed, some of whom were descended from Spanish Jews exiled in 1492. However, most of the original two to three dozen families left after three years of drought, though three families remained: Keller, Friedman, and Schwartz.^[3] A year later, in 1882, a group of Romanian Jews led by David Shub joined the three families of Gei Oni, enlarged the village, and renamed it Rosh Pinna, as per Psalm 118:22: "The stone which the builders rejected has become the cornerstone [lit. "head of the corner", i.e. "rosh pina" in Hebrew]."

Laurence Oliphant collected funds for the settlement from Christadelphians and other sympathizers in Britain.^[4] He wrote about his visit to Rosh Pinna in 1886, "Jauna, which was the name of the village to which I was bound, was situated about three miles (5 km) from Safed, in a gorge, from which, as we descended it, a magnificent view was obtained over the Jordan valley, with the Lake of Tiberias lying three thousand feet below us on the right, and the waters of Merom, or the Lake of Huleh, on the left. The intervening plain was 3. rich expanse of country, only waiting development. The new colony hall been established about eight months, the land having been purchased from the Moslem villagers, of whom twenty families remained, who lived on terms of perfect amity with the Jews. These consisted of twenty – three Roumanian and four Russian families, numbering in all one hundred and forty souls. The greater number were hard at w ork on their potato-patches when I arrived, and I was pleased to find evidences of thrift and industry. A row of sixteen neat little houses had been built, and more were in process or erection. Altogether this is the most hopeful attempt at a colony which I have seen in Palestine. The colonists own about a thousand acres of excellent land, which they were able to purchase at from three to four dollars an acre. The Russians are establishing themselves about half a mile from the Roumanians, as Jews of different nationalities easily get on well together. They call the colony Rosch Pina, or "Head of the Corner," the word occurring in the verse," The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the comer."^[5]

Education

Rosh Pinna had the first Hebrew School in 1899.^[6]

Transportation

Ben Ya'akov Airport is located 2.1 km (1 mi) away from Rosh Pinna.

Medical facilities

The Mifne Center,^[7] which means turning point, a program for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder, is situated in Rosh Pinna.^[8]

Landmarks

• Mitzpe HaYamim, a world-class spa, is located on a mountainside in Rosh Pinna. Amenities include a range of health and cosmetic treatments, an art gallery where guests can view artists at work, art workshops and an organic garden.
• The House of Dignitaries is a structure built in 1882 and used as a center of administration and finance for Rosh Pinna and other towns in the Galilee region. From this building, a loudspeaker was used to broadcast the local news.
• An ancient synagogue, which was commissioned by the Baron, also has been preserved.
• The Mer house was the home of Professor Gideon Mer, an expert on malaria,epidemiologist and an important contributor to the eradication of malaria in the 1930s.^[9] The house presents a room dedicated to his memory and an exhibit of ancient items from various periods, such as old plows, laboratory equipment and textbooks.
• PICA House provides an audio-visual presentation that tells the story of Rosh Pinna. PICA House served as an administrative center and residence for Baron Rothschild’s clerks, advisors, and agricultural counselors.
• The Baron Rothschild' gardens. The gardens were designed by a French landscape architect and planted in 1886. Many plants such as Bougainvillea and pine trees were brought from France.
• The grave of Honi HaM'agel, a Jewish scholar, is located on the outskirts of Hatzor HaGlilit, a few kilometers from Rosh Pinna.
• "Nimrod Lookout", a green spot with water views as seen from the viewpoint flowing through, facing the landscapes of the Hula Valley, the Golan Heights and Mount Hermon, will be built in the Pioneers National Restoration Site in old Rosh Pina.

Notable residents

Ehud Banai

• Meir Dagan (born 1945), former Director-General of Mossad
• Ami Assaf (1903–63), politician
• Ehud Banai (born 1953), singer and songwriter
• Arna Mer-Khamis (1929–95), political and human rights activist

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rosh Pina.

External links

• StateofIsrael.com
• Ben Ya'akov Airport website
• Photos of Rosh Pinna
• The Historic Settlement

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