Renault 4P

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The Renault 4P, aka Renault Bengali 4, was a series of air-cooled 4-cylinder inverted in-line aero engines designed and built in France from 1927, that produced from 95 hp (71 kW) to 150 hp (110 kW).

Design and development

Charles Lindbergh's Atlantic Ocean crossing in 1927 inspired Renault to enter the light aero-engine market to diversify the range of engines they offered. The resulting Renault 4Ps, with 115 mm (4.5 in) bore and 140 mm (5.5 in) stroke, delivered 95 hp (71 kW) and proved popular, later versions powering several record-breaking light aircraft.

Developed by Charles-Edmond Serre, by 1931 the 6.3-litre 4Pdi had evolved to give 110 hp (82 kW) to 120 hp (89 kW), with the adoption of 120 mm (4.7 in) bore steel cylinder liners, aluminium alloy cylinder heads attached by long studs to the crankcase, Duralumin connecting rods and magnesium alloy crankcase.

In 1946 production of the Renault 4P-01 resumed at the SNECMA factory at Arnage, until 1949, with at least 762 engines manufactured.

Variants

Renault 4Ps: The initial version with 115 mm (4.5 in) bore and 140 mm (5.5 in) stroke, delivered 95 hp (71 kW)
Renault 4Pa
Renault 4Pb: 95hp / 135kg - Caudron Luciole
Renault 4Pbi: Inverted development of the Pb retaining the 115 mm (4.5 in) bore
Renault 4Pc: Further development of the Ps retaining the 115 mm (4.5 in) bore
Renault 4Pci: inverted 4Pc
Renault 4Pde
Renault 4Pdi: Inverted, introduced 120 mm (4.7 in) bore steel cylinder liners, aluminium alloy cylinder heads attached by long studs to the crankcase, Duralumin connecting rods and magnesium alloy crankcase. 110 hp / 150 kg - Hanriot 16, 120 hp / 155 kg - Caudron Phalène
Renault 4Pei: Inverted, rated at 150 hp (110 kW) for take-off, the 4Pei entered production before WWII^[1]
Renault 4Pgi: Inverted lower rated version, giving 105 hp (78 kW) for take-off, using 73-octane fuel.^[1]
Renault 4Po
Renault 4Poi: 140 hp (100 kW) with fuel injection.
Renault 4P-01: Postwar production version of the 4Pei, rated at 145 hp (108 kW) for take-off.^[2]
Renault 4P-03: As the 4P-01 but with an inverted flight Zenith carburettor^[2]
Renault 4P-05: As for the 4P-03 but with a modified oil system^[2]
Renault 4P-07: As for the 4P-03 but with a modified carburettor^[2]
Renault MV-4: Licence production of a 152hp Renault 4P variant.

Applications

ANF Les Mureaux 160T
Aubert Cigale
Boisavia Mercurey
Caudron C.193
Caudron C.232
Caudron C.270 Luciole
Caudron C.280 Phalène
Caudron C.480 Frégate
Caudron C.510 Pelican
Farman F.230
Farman F.281
Farman F.350
Max Holste MH.52
Hanriot LH.16
Hanriot H.180
Morane-Saulnier MS.341
Nord Norécrin
Potez 36/19
SABCA S.40
Stampe et Vertongen SV-4B
Sud-Est SE-2100
Sud-Est SE-2300
Sud-Est SE-2310

Specifications (Renault 4P-01)

Data from ^[2]

General characteristics

Type: 4-cylinder naturally aspirated air-cooled inverted in-line piston aircraft engine
Bore: 120 mm (4.7 in)
Stroke: 140 mm (5.5 in)
Displacement: 6.3 L (380 cu in)
Length: 1,729 mm
Width: 480 mm
Height: 708 mm
Dry weight: 147 kg

Components

Valvetrain: Pushrod-actuated, single intake and single exhaust valve per cylinder
Fuel system: 1x Zenith 601GS down-draught carburettor
Fuel type: 80 Octane petrol
Oil system: Pressure fed, 3.0 kg/cm² (43 lbf/in²), dry sump
Cooling system: Air

Performance

Power output:
145 hp (108 kW) at 2,450 rpm @ take-off
140 hp (100 kW) at 2,400 rpm @ sea-level normal
110 hp (82 kW) at 2,200 rpm @ sea-level cruise
Specific power: 17.15 kW/L (0.38 hp/in³)
Compression ratio: 5.8:1
Specific fuel consumption: 0.186 kg/kW/hr
Oil consumption: 0.005 kg/kW/hr
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.74 kW/kg

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 Wilkinson, Paul H. (1945). Aircraft Engines of the World 1945 (in English) (3rd ed.). New York: Paul H. Wilkinson.
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Wilkuinson, Paul H. (1946). Aircraft Engines of the World 1946 (in English) (Revised Edition ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons.

Gérard Hartmann, Les Moteurs d'avion Renault
Wilkinson, Paul H.. Aircraft Engines of the World 1945 3rd edition. Paul H. Wilkinson. 1945. New York.
Wilkinson, Paul H.. Aircraft Engines of the World 1946 revised edition. Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd.. 1946. London.

v t e Renault aero engines

35-40 hp V-4 45 hp V-8 60 hp V-8 70 hp Type WB 70 hp Type WC 80 hp Type WS 100 hp V-8 130 hp V-8 90 hp V-12 12D 100 hp V-12 120 hp V-12 160 hp 190 hp V-12 200 hp V-12 220 hp V-12 12E 265 hp V-12 300 hp V-12 12F 320 hp V-12 12Fe 4B 4P 6P 6Q 7A 8A 8B 8C 8G 9A 9C 9P 12D 12E 12F 12H 12J 12K 12M 12N 12R 12S 18J Renault Bengali 4 Renault Bengali 6

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