Randy Shughart

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Randy Shughart
Shughart, during his tenure as a Sergeant First Class.
Shughart, during his tenure as a Sergeant First Class.
Birth name Randall David Shughart
Nickname "Randy"
Born (1958-08-13)August 13, 1958
Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S.
Died October 3, 1993(1993-10-03) (aged 35)
Mogadishu, Somalia
Place of burial Westminster Cemetery
Carlisle, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Allegiance  United States of America
Service/branch  United States Army
Years of service 1976–1993
Rank Sergeant First Class
Unit 1st SFOD-Delta
Battles/wars Operation Just Cause
Battle of Mogadishu †
Awards Medal of Honor (posthumous)
Purple Heart

Randall David "Randy" Shughart (August 13, 1958 – October 3, 1993) was a United States Army soldier of the special operations unit, 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta (1SFOD-D), also known as "Delta Force". Shughart posthumously was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of Mogadishu in October 1993.

Early life and education

Shughart was born on August 13, 1958 in Lincoln, Nebraska into an U.S. Air Force family. After his father, Herbert Shughart, left the Air Force, the Shugharts moved to Newville, Pennsylvania to live and work on a dairy farm.[1]

Career

Shughart joined the Army while attending Big Spring High School in Newville, entering upon graduation in 1976. After completing basic training, he successfully completed AIT (advanced individual training), Airborne School, and in 1978 was assigned to the 2nd Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment, at Fort Lewis, Washington.[2] Several months later he completed a pre-ranger course (currently known as SURT, Small Unit Ranger Tactics), was granted a slot to attend Ranger School, graduated, and earned the Ranger Tab. Shughart left active duty and went into the Army Reserve in June 1980. In December 1983, Shughart returned to active duty and the following year attended Special Forces training. Shughart was assigned to "Delta Force" and was transferred to Fort Bragg, North Carolina in June 1986.[3]

Shughart was deployed to Mogadishu, Somalia in 1993 as part of Task Force Ranger. On October 3, 1993 during Operation Gothic Serpent, an assault mission to apprehend advisers to Mohamed Farrah Aidid. The Black Hawk helicopter with the call sign Super Six One, was shot down in the city. A Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) team came to secure it. Then, a second Black Hawk helicopter, call sign Super Six Four, was shot down.[3]

Shughart, Gary Gordon and Sergeant First Class Brad Hallings had been providing sniper cover from the air. Gary Gordon wanted to be inserted to secure the crash site and hostile Somalis were converging on the area.[3]

Mission commanders denied Gordon's request twice,[1] saying that the situation was too dangerous for the Delta snipers to protect the crew from the ground.[4] Command's position was that the snipers could be of more assistance by providing air cover. Gordon, however, repeated his request until he got permission. Sergeant First Class Brad Hallings stayed to provide cover.[4]

Shughart and Gordon were inserted approximately 100m from the crash site, armed with their sniper rifles and sidearms, and made their way to the downed Blackhawk. Chief Warrant Officer Mike Durant was already defending the aircraft with an MP5 but was unable to move from his chair due to a crushed vertebra in his back and a compound fracture of his left femur. When they reached Super Six Four, they extracted Durant and the crew members from the crash and defended the aircraft.[3] It is believed that Gordon was first to be shot by the mob, which had surrounded the crash site. Shughart retrieved Gordon's CAR-15 rifle and gave it to Durant to use. Shortly after, Shughart was killed, the site was overrun and Durant was taken hostage.[1] According to Michael Durant's book In the Company of Heroes, the Somalis counted 25 of their militia dead after the firefight.[5]

There was some confusion in the aftermath of the action as to who had been killed first. The official citation states that it was Shughart, but author Mark Bowden, author of Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War, relates an account by Sergeant Paul Howe who heard Shughart call for help on the radio and that the weapon handed to Durant was not the distinctive M14 rifle used by Shughart. Furthermore, Howe said that Gordon would not have given his weapon to someone while he could still fight. Durant later admitted that he initially misidentified which man was killed first, but did not wish to change the official record.[4] Shughart is buried in Westminster Cemetery, Carlisle, PA.[6]

In popular culture

Awards and decorations

Medals and ribbons
 
 

Medal of Honor

On May 23, 1994, Shughart and Gordon were posthumously decorated with the Medals of Honor for protecting the crew of Super Six Four. They were the first Medal of Honor recipients since the Vietnam War.[8]

Medal of Honor citation

Citation:

Sergeant First Class Shughart, United States Army, distinguished himself by actions above and beyond the call of duty on 3 October 1993, while serving as a Sniper Team Member, United States Army Special Operations Command with Task Force Ranger in Mogadishu, Somalia. Sergeant First Class Shughart provided precision sniper fires from the lead helicopter during an assault on a building and at two helicopter crash sites, while subjected to intense automatic weapons and rocket propelled grenade fires. While providing critical suppressive fires at the second crash site, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader learned that ground forces were not immediately available to secure the site. Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader unhesitatingly volunteered to be inserted to protect the four critically wounded personnel, despite being well aware of the growing number of enemy personnel closing in on the site. After their third request to be inserted, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader received permission to perform this volunteer mission. When debris and enemy ground fires at the site caused them to abort the first attempt, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader were inserted one hundred meters south of the crash site. Equipped with only his sniper rifle and a pistol, Sergeant First Class Shughart and his team leader, while under intense fire from the enemy, fought their way through a dense maze of shanties and shacks to reach the critically injured crew members. Sergeant First Class Shughart pulled the pilot and the other crew members from the aircraft, establishing a perimeter which placed him and his fellow sniper in the most vulnerable position. Sergeant First Class Shughart used his long range rifle and side arm to kill an undetermined number of attackers while traveling the perimeter, protecting the downed crew. Sergeant First Class Shughart continued his protective fire until he depleted his ammunition and was fatally wounded. His actions saved the pilot's life. Sergeant First Class Shughart's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest standards of military service and reflect great credit upon him, his unit and the United States Army.

Legacy

Herbert Shughart, Randall Shughart's father, attended the Medal of Honor presentation ceremony at the White House, where he refused to shake hands with U.S. President Bill Clinton.[9] He then proceeded to openly criticize the president, saying, "You are not fit to be president of the United States. The blame for my son's death rests with the White House and with you. You are not fit to command."[10]

USNS Shughart

U.S. Navy Large, Medium-speed, Roll-on/Roll-off Ship Shughart (T-AKR 295)

In 1997 the United States Navy named a roll-on/roll-off ship USNS Shughart in a ceremony at the National Steel and Shipbuilding Company, San Diego, California. The ceremony was attended by a number of Naval officers and politicians including John W. Douglass, Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development and Acquisition; Senator Bob Kerrey (D); as well as his Commanding officer at the time of his death, and others. The ship was the first "Large Medium Speed Roll On/Roll Off (LMSR) ship" to undergo conversion from a commercial container vessel to a sealift cargo ship.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 DeLong, Kent (1994). Steven Tuckey, ed. Mogadishu!: heroism and tragedy. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-0-275-94925-9. 
  2. ↑ http://www.veterantributes.org/tributedetail.asp?id=210
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Willbanks, James H. (2011). America's Heroes: Medal of Honor Recipients from the Civil War to Afghanistan. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 307. ISBN 978-1-59884-393-4. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Bowden, Mark (2000). Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War. Penguin Books. p. 374. ISBN 0-14-028850-3. 
  5. ↑ Durant, Michael J.; Hartov, Steve (2003). In The Company of Heroes: A True Story. Putnam Publishing Group. p. 39. ISBN 0-399-15060-9. 
  6. ↑ House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session (November 14, 1995). United States and Vietnamese government knowledge and accountability for U.S. POW/MIA's: hearing before the Military Personnel Subcommittee of the Committee on National Security 4. US GPO. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-16-052908-5. 
  7. ↑ Raw, Laurence (2009). The Ridley Scott Encyclopedia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-8108-6951-6. 
  8. ↑ "Medal of Honor recipients". American Medal of Honor recipients for Somalia. United States Army Center of Military History. June 8, 2009. Retrieved June 8, 2009. 
  9. ↑ "For 8 Years, a Strained Relationship With the Military", The New York Times, 28 December 2000, retrieved 2011-03-18 
  10. ↑ Adams, James (29 May 1994), "Dead Hero's Father Tears into Clinton", London Sunday Times, retrieved 2011-03-18 
  11. ↑ "Cargo Ship Shughart (T-AKR 295) Named After Medal of Honor recipient" (Text file). Navy Office of Information. Retrieved March 12, 2007. 

Further reading

  • Eversmann, Matt (2004). The Battle of Mogadishu: First Hand Accounts from the Men of Task Force Ranger. Presidio Press. ISBN 0-345-45965-2. 

External links

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