Quba
| Quba | |
|---|---|
| City & Municipality | |
 | |
  Quba | |
| Coordinates: 41°21′35″N 48°30′45″E / 41.35972°N 48.51250°E | |
| Country |
 Azerbaijan |
| Rayon | Quba |
| Elevation | 11 m (36 ft) |
| Population (2010)[1] | |
| • Total | 38,100 |
| Time zone | AZT (UTC+4) |
| • Summer (DST) | AZT (UTC+5) |
| Area code(s) | +994 169 |
Quba (also, Kuba, Guba and Kuwa; Lezgin: Къуба́ Judæo-Tat: Qybə / Гъуьбэ / קאובּא) is a city in and the capital of the Quba Rayon (district) of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 38,100. The city’s suburb of Qırmızı Qəsəbə (formerly in Russian: Krasnaya Sloboda, English: Red Town) is the home of Azerbaijan's largest community of Mountain Jews and considered as one of the largest communities of Jews in the former Soviet Union.
History
Guba (Quba) city originated from the riverside village of Gudial.[2] In the mid-18th century, after moving his residence from Khudat, Hussain Ali became Quba’s Khan and raised fortress walls around the city.[3] He thereafter attempted to create a state separate from other Azerbaijani khanates. Nevertheless, Quba khanate, the same as other khanates, was occupied by Russia in the early 19th century and annexed by the Russian Empire under the agreement of 1913.[2]
Guba mass grave
In May 1918, an event similar to the March Days occurred in the Guba, where Dashnak detachment, under the command of Hamazasp Srvantsyan, arrived from Baku following Armenian Bolshevist communist politician Stepan Shahumyan's order. According to the investigative commission formed by the Government of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Hamazasp's unit burned and destroyed the city of Quba and killed at least 122 people.[4] In 2007, during the construction of a stadium, builders discovered a mass grave. Azerbaijani studies claim that the human remains found there were local residents of various nationalities, including Jews and Lezgins, who had been massacred in 1918.[5] To date, 600 human remains have been found, including about 50 children and 100 women.[6]
Monuments of architecture
Juma Mosque
Juma Mosque [7] was built in the 19th century. This mosque was constructed in typical Quba province style mosques. Inside of the mosque there is a big hall crowned with a huge 16 m diameter dome.[8]
Sakina-Khanum Mosque
Sakina-Khanum Mosque was built in 1854 by the widow of Abbasgulu Bakikhanov. The mosque was built from red bricks and is similar to faceted cylinder. Each facet has a window in the form of a semicircular arch. The top of the facade is surrounded by an original eaves made from small bricks. From top this stately building is crowned with a big white metal dome in the shape of a multi-faceted helmet. The top of the dome is decorated by a graceful thin spike.[8]
Ardebil Mosque
Orta Mosque
Bridge
Bath (Chuhur hamam)
The hamam is unique in its beehive shaped dome made of brick. The Chuhur hamam is no longer operational but proves to be an interesting stop on any walking tour.
Economy
Quba has enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, much of it spurred by tourism and the construction industry.[9]
Education
There are seven public schools in Quba. Eleven years education in the schools and consists of primary, secondary and high school stages. There are also private schools in Quba the most wellknown of which is Quba Private Turkish High School. All villages have their own schools.
Cuisine
Quba's cuisine has largely been affected by its multicultural history. Quba’s signature cuisine includes Quba tıxması, spicy kebab, sac and tandir kebab.[10]
Transportation
Main transports to Quba are buses from Baku International Bus Terminal. The buses start to travel at 8:00 a.m every day in 1 hour intervals. Taxi is also available from Baku to Quba anytime. There are also buses from neighbour towns (Khachmaz, Qusar, Shabran, Khudat). Transportation inside Guba from center to villages and different regions is performed by buses, minibuses and taxi, which are available every day.
International relations
Twin cities
Quba is twinned with the following cities:
Notable natives
- Kamal Mamedbekov (20 March 1924 — 2 September 1997), Azerbaijani and Soviet scientist, academician of the International Academy of Architecture of the Eastern Countries, honored architect of Azerbaijan SSR, PhD in theory and history of architecture and restoration of architectural monuments.
- Leyla Mamedbekova (12 May 1922 – 23 May 2006), Azerbaijani and Soviet scientist, pathologist, honored scientist of Azerbaijan SSR, professor. She was the first female professor in Azerbaijan in the field of pathology, the first female forensic medical expert, and the first female chief pathologist of Azerbaijan.
- Mir Jafar Baghirov (5 September 1895 — 26 May 1956), political activist.
- Farhad Veliyev (1 November 1980), footballer.
See also
References
- ↑ Population by economic and administrative regions of the Azerbaijan Republic, The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 The Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan: Quba's history
- ↑ Quba şəhəri (Azerbaijani)
- ↑ Ulviyya, Akhundova. "На месте массового захоронения в Губе построят музей". Zerkalo.az. Retrieved 17 October 2010. (Russian)
- ↑ "Bodies found in Guba prove Armenian massacre in 1918, expedition chief says". apa.az. Retrieved 17 October 2010.
- ↑ "Турецкие тележурналисты посетили массовое захоронение в Губе". Day.az. Retrieved 17 October 2010. (Russian)
- ↑ Гюльнара Мехмандарова, "Джума мечеть в Кубе." Баку: Элм. - 1986. - 8,[1] с.: ил.- На рус.яз. - Российская Федерация. (Russian)
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Guba". azerbaijan24.com. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
- ↑ "Qubaya turizm marşurutu açılıb". olaylar.az. Retrieved 17 October 2010. (Azerbaijani)
- ↑ Azerbaijani Cuisine: Şirniyyat (Azerbaijani)
- ↑ "Города Губа и Эрзин стали побратимами". vesti.az. Retrieved 16 January 2011.
