Qinhuangdao
| Qinhuangdao 秦皇岛 | |
|---|---|
| Prefecture-level city | |
秦皇岛市 | |
 | |
| Nickname(s): Backyard garden of Beijing and Tianjin (京津后花园) | |
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  Qinhuangdao | |
| Coordinates: 39°56′N 119°36′E / 39.933°N 119.600°ECoordinates: 39°56′N 119°36′E / 39.933°N 119.600°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hebei |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Zhu Haowen (朱浩文) |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 7,467 km2 (2,883 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 383 km2 (148 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 383 km2 (148 sq mi) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 2,897,605 |
| • Density | 390/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 820,800 |
| • Urban density | 2,100/km2 (5,600/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 820,800 |
| • Metro density | 2,100/km2 (5,600/sq mi) |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 066000 |
| Area code(s) | (0)335 |
| Licence Plate Prefix | 冀C |
| Website | http://www.qhd.gov.cn/ |
| Qinhuangdao | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 秦皇岛 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 秦皇島 | ||||||||
| Postal Map | Chinwangtao | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | Qin Shihuang Island | ||||||||
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Qinhuangdao is a port city and prefecture-level city in northeastern Hebei province, People's Republic of China. It is about 300 km (190 mi) east of Beijing, on the Bohai Sea, the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea.
Its population during the 2010 census was 2,987,605, with 820,800 living in the urban area of 3 districts.
History
In the 19th century, Qinhuangdao included the separate towns of Qinhuangdao and Tanghe.[n 1] Both were stations along the Peking–Mukden Railway. The design and construction of the new harbour and port of Ching Wang Tao in the Gulf of Pechili was undertaken by the partnership of Sir John Wolfe-Barry and Lt Col Arthur John Barry at the turn of the 20th century.[1]
Geography
Qinhuangdao sits on the northwest coast of the Bohai Sea and borders Tangshan to the southwest, Chengde to the northwest, and Liaoning to the northeast. Its administrative area ranges in latitude 39° 24' to 40° 37' N and in longitude from 118° 33' to 119° 51' E, and has a total area of 7,812.4 km2 (3,016.4 sq mi).
Since the elevation of Tianjin to a provincial-level municipality, Qinhuangdao is the chief port of Hebei. The Qin emperor Qin Shi Huang is said to have sought immortality on an island in the Haigang district, but did not find it.
Qinhuangdao has three main developed areas:
- Beidaihe: A summer seaside resort for senior government officials. Many political decisions affecting China are made here, making it the equivalent to resorts in Maine or Camp David in Maryland, United States.[2]
- Haigang: the harbor city. Qinhuangdao proper. Home of Yan Shan University, the leading university in NE Hebei province.
- Shanhaiguan: a popular tourist destination, featuring the eastern end of the Great Wall.
Qinhuangdao's Olympic Sports Centre Stadium was used as an Olympic Competition Venue (Football Preliminary) during the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Climate
Qinhuangdao has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa), with four distinct seasons. Winters are cold and dry due to the Siberian high, which often causes winds to blow in from the northwest, minimising the oceanic influence: the monthly daily average temperature in January is −4.8 °C (23.4 °F), colder than Beijing's −3.7 °C (25.3 °F).[3] Summers are hot and humid due to the East Asian Monsoon, often allowing onshore flows; summer is also when the location on the coast moderates the weather the most: the average high temperature in July here is 28.1 °C (83 °F), as compared to 30.9 °C (88 °F) in Beijing.[3] As measured by daily mean temperature, July and August are equally warm, averaging 24.7 °C (76.5 °F). The annual mean is 11.0 °C (51.8 °F), and 70% of the annual precipitation falls from June to August.
| Climate data for Qinhuangdao (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 0.1 (32.2) |
2.6 (36.7) |
8.4 (47.1) |
16.1 (61) |
22.1 (71.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.5 (83.3) |
25.2 (77.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
9.7 (49.5) |
2.9 (37.2) |
15.7 (60.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −8.8 (16.2) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
18.0 (64.4) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.0 (69.8) |
15.6 (60.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
0.5 (32.9) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
7.0 (44.6) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 3.0 (0.118) |
3.0 (0.118) |
9.4 (0.37) |
24.1 (0.949) |
55.2 (2.173) |
102.2 (4.024) |
189.7 (7.469) |
152.3 (5.996) |
51.0 (2.008) |
28.6 (1.126) |
10.7 (0.421) |
5.0 (0.197) |
634.2 (24.969) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.1 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 10.6 | 12.8 | 9.9 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 1.7 | 60.0 |
| Source: Weather China | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
| Map | # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2004 est.) |
Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
City proper | ||||||
| 1 | Haigang District | 海港区 | Hǎigǎng Qū | 550,000 | 121 | 4,545 | |
| Suburban | |||||||
| 2 | Shanhaiguan District | 山海关区 | Shānhǎiguān Qū | 140,000 | 192 | 729 | |
| 3 | Beidaihe District | 北戴河区 | Běidàihé Qū | 70,000 | 70 | 1,000 | |
| Rural | |||||||
| 4 | Changli County | 昌黎县 | Chānglí Xiàn | 550,000 | 1,184 | 465 | |
| 5 | Funing County | 抚宁县 | Fǔníng Xiàn | 520,000 | 1,646 | 316 | |
| 6 | Lulong County | 卢龙县 | Lúlóng Xiàn | 420,000 | 945 | 444 | |
| 7 | Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County |
青龙满族 自治县 |
Qīnglóng Mǎnzú Zìzhìxiàn |
520,000 | 3,309 | 157 | |
Development Zone
The Qinhuangdao Economic & Technology Development Zone was approved by the State Council in 1984 to become one of China’s first state-level economic and technological development zones. Qinhuangdao is located in the heart of the rapidly-growing “Bohai-Rim Economic Circle”, within easy reach of both Beijing (280 km (170 mi)) and Tianjin (245 km (152 mi)).[4] It covers a sea area of 23.81 km2 (9.19 sq mi) and has a coastline of 6 km (3.7 mi). The planned and controlled area of the development zone has reached 56.72 km2 (21.90 sq mi). By the end of 2006, the number of approved projects reached 4,546, in which 647 projects were foreign-invested, with a total investment of US$4.73 billion.
Qinhuangdao Export Processing Zone is the first export processing zone in Hebei Province. It has passed joint appraisal held by Customs General Administration People's Republic of China, State Development Planning Commission and other six departments in 2003. Industries encouraged in the zone include Electronics Assembly & Manufacturing, Building/Construction Materials, Computer Software, Trading and Distribution.[5]
Economy
Qinhuangdao Port is a strategically important port on China and is the largest coal shipping port in the country, much of which is shipped to power plants elsewhere in China. With recent expansion, its capacity has reached 209 million metric tons. The harbor is also adding a further six berths to add further capacity and is increasingly being invested in by other port operators, such as South Africa's Richards Bay Coal Terminal, who have announced plans to invest US$150 million to increase capacity by at least 28 percent.
China is also the worlds third largest coal exporter, and Qinhuangdao is expected to handle much of the nations coal exports. Rail links from Shanxi province (China’s largest coal producer) to Qinhuangdao Port are in the process of being upgraded, which should allow for Qinhuangdao to ultimately increase its throughput to 400 million tones of coal per annum from its current level of about 250 million tons by 2015.
Other Chinese and foreign service suppliers are also moving to Qinhuangdao to support this. China Ocean Shipping (Group) Co, China's biggest shipping company, expects US$49 billion of spending on ports over the next five years as the industry tackles bottlenecks created by the nation's unprecedented economic boom.[6]
Qinhuangdao is located along the Jingshen Expressway which links Beijing with Shenyang, Liaoning
Red Ribbon
Qinhuangdao is home to the Tanghe River Park, which features the Red Ribbon, a knee-high steel sculpture that runs through the length of the park, providing seating, environmental interpretation, lighting, and the display of native plants. The project has won an honor award from the American Society of Landscape Architects and was selected by readers of Condé Nast Traveler magazine as one of the seven new wonders of the architecture world.[7]
Education
Sister cities
Notes
- ↑ simplified Chinese: 汤河; traditional Chinese: 湯河; pinyin: Tānghé; Wade–Giles: Tang-ho; literally "soup river"
References
- ↑ Frederick Arthur Crisp Visitation of England and Wales, Volume 14, London (1906)
- ↑ "China Expat City Guide". Asia Briefing. 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-08.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）" (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
- ↑ "Qinhuangdao Economic & Technology Development Zone". RightSite.asia. Retrieved 2012-12-24.
- ↑ "Qinhuangdao Export Processing Zone". RightSite.asia. Retrieved 2012-12-24.
- ↑ "China Briefing Business Guide". China Briefing. 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-08.
- ↑ "Red Ribbon in Tanghe River Park".
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Qinhuangdao. |
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