Protected areas of South Africa

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The protected areas of South Africa include national parks and marine protected areas managed by the national government, public nature reserves managed by provincial and local governments, and private nature reserves managed by private landowners. Most protected areas are intended for the conservation of flora and fauna. National parks are maintained by South African National Parks (SANParks).[1] A number of national parks have been incorporated in transfrontier conservation areas.

Areas may also be protected for their value and importance as historical, cultural heritage or scientific sites. More information on these can be found in the list of heritage sites in South Africa.

Special Nature Reserves

Special nature reserves are highly protected areas from which all people and human activities are excluded, except for conservation and scientific research. The Prince Edward Islands, which are South African territories in the Southern Ocean, have been declared as a special nature reserve.[2][3]

National Parks

The following are the national parks of South Africa:[4]

Transfrontier conservation areas

South Africa is involved in the following transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), also known as "peace parks".

The Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation Area, involving South Africa, Mozambique and Swaziland, is planned to be formed from the iSimangaliso Wetland Park and the Nsubane Pongola, Songimvelo-Malolotja and Usuthu-Tembe-Futi TFCAs.

Marine Protected Areas

  • Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area (KwaZulu-Natal)
  • Betty's Bay Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Bird Island Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)
  • De Hoop Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)
  • Goukamma Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Helderber Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Hluleka Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)
  • iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area (KwaZulu-Natal)
  • Jutten Island Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Langebaan Lagoon Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Malgas Island Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Marcus Island Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Pondoland Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)
  • Robberg Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Sardinia Bay Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)
  • Sixteen Mile Beach Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Stilbaai Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Table Mountain Marine Protected Area (Western Cape)
  • Trafalgar Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)
  • Tsitsikamma Marine Protected Area (Eastern Cape)

World Heritage Sites

World heritage site in South Africa are protected by the World Heritage Convention Act (Act 49 of 1999). There include:

Botanical Gardens

Eastern Cape

National Parks situated in the Eastern Cape

Mega Parks in the making, predominantly in the Eastern Cape

Parks Managed by Eastern Cape Parks

Natural Heritage Sites

  • Barville Park Natural Heritage Site
  • Elmhurst Natural Heritage Site
  • Glendour Natural Heritage Site
  • Kasouga Farm Natural Heritage Site
  • Kruizemuntfontein Natural Heritage Site

Private and Other Parks

  • Aberdeen Nature Reserve
  • Alexandria Coast Reserve
  • Amakhala Game Reserve
  • Amalinda Nature Reserve
  • Asanta Sana Game Reserve
  • Aylesbury Nature Reserve
  • Baviaankloof Wilderness Areas see Baviaanskloof Mega Reserve
  • Beggar's Bush Nature Reserve
  • Bayeti Game Reserve
  • Beakosneck Private Nature Reserve
  • Coleridge Game Reserve
  • Citruslandgoed Game Farm
  • Christmas Rock to Gxulu River Marine Protected Area
  • Dorn Boom Game Farm
  • Doubledrift Provincial Nature Reserve
  • East Cape Game Farm
  • Emlanjeni Private Game Reserve
  • Fort Fordyce Provincial Nature Reserve
  • Great Fish River Complex Provincial Nature Reserve
    • Andries Vosloo Kudu Nature Reserve
    • Doubledrift Provincial Nature Reserve
  • Groendal Wilderness Nature Reserve (Mierhoopplaat)
  • Guerna Wilderness Nature Reserve see Baviaanskloof Mega Reserve
  • Hoeksfontein Game Farm
  • Hillside Safaris Game Farm
  • Ikamva Game Ranch
  • Inkwenkwezi Private Game Reserve
  • Inthaba Lodge Game Farm
  • Karoo Safaris Game Farm
  • Kingsdale Game Farm
  • Koedoeskop Game Farm
  • Kuzuko Game Reserve
  • Kwandwe Private Game Reserve
  • Lady Slipper Nature Reserve
  • Lanka Safaris Game Farm
  • Loerie Dam Nature Reserve
  • Lottering Coast Reserve
  • Luchaba Wildlife Reserve
  • Mbumbazi Nature Reserve
  • Mierhoopplaat Nature Reserve
  • Minnawill Game Farm
  • Monteaux Game Farm
  • Mpofu Provincial Game Reserve
  • Nyara River Mouth Marine Area
  • Hopewell Game Reserve
  • Hunters Lodge Game Farm
  • Hunts Hoek Safaris Game Farm
  • Oudekraal Game Farm
  • Rockdale Game Farm
  • Rupert Game Farm
  • Samara Private Game Reserve
  • Scotia Safaris Game Farm
  • Schuilpatdop Game Farm
  • Sepree River Private Nature Reserve
  • Shamwari Game Reserve
  • Stinkhoutberg Nature Reserve
  • Timbili Game Reserve
  • Tregathlyn Game Farm
  • Trumpeter's Drift Game Farm

Forest Reserves

  • Andrews State Forest
  • Blue Lily's Bush Forest Reserve
  • Hankey State Forest
  • Hogsback State Forest
  • Inyarha (Nyara) Forest Reserve
  • Isidenge State Forest
  • Katberg State Forest
  • Kologha Forest Reserve
  • Koomans Bush State Reserve
  • Kruisrivier Forest Reserve
  • Kubusi Indigenous State Forest
  • Longmore State Forest
  • Lottering Forest Reserve
  • Plaatbos Forest Nature Reserve
  • Robbe Hoek Forest Reserve
  • Storms River Forest, part of the Tsitsikamma National Park
  • Welbedacht State Forest
  • Witelsbos State Forest

Free State

National Parks

World Heritage Sites

Private and Other Parks

Gauteng

GDACE Parks

Other parks and private reserves

  • Aloe Ridge Game Reserve
  • Andros Private Nature Reserve
  • Austin Roberts Bird Sanctuary
  • Avalon Private Nature Reserve
  • Beaulieu Bird Sanctuary
  • Cheetah Park Private Nature Reserve
  • Daisy Private Nature Reserve
  • Diepsloot Nature Reserve
  • Faerie Glen Nature Reserve
  • Gelderland Private Nature Reserve
  • Groenkloof Nature Reserve
  • Hartbeesthoek Radio Astronomy Conservation Area
  • Hartebeeshoek Municipal Nature Reserve
  • Johanna Jacobs Private Nature Reserve
  • John Ness Private Nature Reserve
  • Kloofendal Nature Reserve
  • Klipriviersberg Municipal Nature Reserve
  • Kromdraai Conservancy
  • Krugersdorp Nature Reserve
  • Leeuwfontein Nature Reserve
  • Montsetse Nature Reserve (The Cradle)
  • Moreletaspruit Nature Reserve
  • Olifantsvlei Nature Reserve
  • Onderstepoort Nature Reserve
  • Rietfontein Nature Reserve
  • Rietvlei Nature Reserve
  • Sterkwater Private Nature Reserve
  • Tweefontein Private Nature Reserve
  • Waldr Nature Reserve
  • Wonderboom Nature Reserve

KwaZulu-Natal

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife

New name of the Peace Park is: iSimangaliso Wetland Park

Private and Other Parks

  • Albert Falls Game Reserve also known as Albert Falls Dam Nature Reserve.
  • Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area
  • Amatikuku Nature Reserve
  • AmaZulu Game Reserve
  • Athole Natural Reserve
  • Beachwood Mangroves Natural Reserve
  • Bonamanzi Game Park
  • Coleford Nature Reserve
  • Craigie Burn Nature Reserve also known as Craigie Burn Dam Nature Reserve.
  • Dlinza Forest Nature Reserve also see Dhlinza Forest.
  • eMakhosini Ophathe Heritage Park
  • Enseleni Nature Reserve
  • Falaza Game Park
  • Himeville Nature Reserve
  • Hlatikulu Nature Reserve
  • Impendle Nature Reserve
  • Iqxalingenwa Nature Reserve
  • Karkloof Nature Reserve
  • Makasa Nature Reserve
  • Mount Currie Nature Reserve
  • Mtsikeni Wildlife Nature Reserve
  • Ophathe Nature Reserve
  • Paardeplaats Nature Reserve
  • Phinda Resource Reserve
  • Poccolan (Robinson's) Bush Nature Reserve
  • Pongolapoort Nature Reserve
  • Qudeni Nature Reserve
  • Richards Bay Game Reserve also known as Richards Bay Nature Reserve
  • Shongweni Game Reserve
  • Sileza Nature Reserve
  • Sodwana Game Reserve
  • Vernon Crookes Nature Reserve
  • Vryheid Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve
  • Ubombo Mountain Nature Reserve
  • Umhlanga Lagoon Nature Reserve
  • Umlalazi Nature Reserve
  • Weenen Game Reserve also known as Weenen Provincial Nature Reserve

Natural Heritage Sites

  • Kombewaria
  • Langfontein
  • Oshoek
  • Oudehoutdraai
  • Tafelkop
  • Theespruit
  • Rooikraal

Limpopo

National Parks

Provincial Parks

Private and Other Parks

Mpumalanga

National Parks

Provincial Parks

Private and Other Parks

  • Edeni Game Reserve
  • Josefsdal Songimvelo Game Reserve
  • K'Shani Private Game Reserve
  • Mthethomusha Game Reserve
  • SterkSpruit Nature Reserve

Northern Cape

National Parks

Private and Other Parks

  • Archaeological Reserve
  • Goegab Nature Reserve
    • Hester Malan Veldblom Reserve
  • Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve
  • Spitskop Nature Reserve
  • Sunnyside Game Farm
  • Tswalu Desert Reserve
  • Thuru Lodge
  • Witsand Nature Reserve

North West

National Parks

Provincial Parks

  • Barberspan Bird Sanctuary
  • Bloemhof Dam Nature Reserve
  • Borakalalo Game Reserve
  • Boskop Dam Nature Reserve
  • Botsalano Game Reserve
  • Kgaswane Mountain Reserve
  • Lichtenburg Game Reserve
  • Madeleine Robinson Nature Reserve
  • Madikwe Game Reserve
  • Mafikeng Game Reserve
  • Marico-Bosveld Nature Reserve
  • Molemane Eye Nature Reserve
  • Molopo Game Reserve
  • Oog van Malmanie Nature Reserve
  • Pienaar Nature Reserve
  • Pilanesberg Game Reserve
  • Rustenburg Nature Reserve
  • Rust De Winter Nature Reserve
  • SA Lombard Nature Reserve
  • Schoonspruit Nature Reserve
  • Vaalkop Dam Nature Reserve
  • Wolwespruit Dam Reserve also known as Wolwespruit Nature Reserve

Private and Other Parks

  • Faan Meintjies Nature Reserve
  • Magaliesberg Natural Area
  • Marico Bosveld Nature Reserve
  • Knysna National Lakes Nature Reserve

Western Cape

National Parks

Provincial Parks

West Coast

Winelands

Overberg

Cape Karoo

Garden Route and Little Karoo

  • Outeniqua Nature Reserve
  • Goukamma Nature Reserve
  • Keurbooms River Nature Reserve
  • Robberg Nature Reserve

Private and other Reserves

  • Akkeren Dam Nature Reserve
  • Anrewsfield Private Nature Reserve
  • Annet Private Nature Reserve
  • Annex Arch Rock Private Nature Reserve
  • Aquila Private Game Reserve
  • Assegaaibosch Nature Reserve
  • Babilonstoring Nature Reserve
  • Banghoek Private Nature Reserve
  • Basjanskloof Private Nature Reserve
  • Baviaanskloof Nature Reserve for the rest see Eastern Cape.
  • Ben Etive Nature Reserve
  • Blouberg Nature Reserve
  • Boosmansbos Nature Reserve
  • Caledon Nature Reserve
  • Ceres Mountain Fynbos Nature Reserve
  • Dassieshoek Nature Reserve
  • Doringriver Nature Reserve
  • Drie Kuilen Private Nature Reserve
  • Duiwenhoksriviermond Private Nature Reserve
  • Elim Private Nature Reserve
  • Eyerpoort Private Nature Reserve
  • Fonteintjiesberg Nature Reserve
  • Gamtoos River Mouth Nature Reserve
  • Gondwana Game Reserve
  • Goukamma Nature Reserve
  • Gouriqua Kernkor Private Nature Reserve
  • Greyton Nature Reserve
  • Groenlandberg Nature Reserve
  • Groote Kapelfontein Private Nature Reserve
  • Groot Swartberg Nature Reserve
  • Hasekraal Private Nature Reserve
  • Hoek-van-die-Berg Private Nature Reserve
  • Hottentots-Holland Nature Reserve
  • Inverdoorn Private Nature Reserve
  • Kaplip Private Nature Reserve
  • Kareedouw Nature Reserve
  • Keurboomsrivier Nature Reserve
  • Kleinmond Coastal and Mountain Nature Reserve
  • Klipfontein Dam Private Nature Reserve
  • Koeberg Private Nature Reserve
  • Hexberg Nature Reserve
  • Hopefield Private Nature Reserve
  • Houwhoek Nature Reseerve Incl. the Lebenon State Forest.
  • Ladismith Klein Karoo Nature Reserve
  • Lourens River Protected Natural Environment
  • Lutzville Nature Reserve
  • Maanschynkop Nature Reserve
  • Marloth Nature Reserve
  • Matjiesfontein Nature Reserve
  • Matroosberg Private Nature Reserve
  • Moedverloren Nature Reserve
  • Montagu Mountain Nature Reserve
  • Mount Rochelle Nature Reserve
  • Paarl Mountain Nature Reserve
  • Quoin Point Nature Reserve
  • Riverland Nature Reserve
  • Riviersonderend Nature Reserve
  • Robberg Nature Reserve
  • Rooiberg Nature Reserve
  • Rooikrans Private Nature Reserve
  • Ruiterbos Nature Reserve
  • Salmonsdam Nature Reserve
  • Sas Saldanha Nature Reserve
  • Skuilkrans Private Nature Reserve
  • Steenbokkie Private Nature Reserve
  • Susterdal Private Nature Reserve
  • Swartberg East Nature Reserve
  • Swartkops Valley Nature Reserve
  • Theewaters Nature Reserve
  • Towerkop Nature Reserve
  • Thaba Manzi Game Farm
  • Twistniet Nature Reserve
  • Tygerberg Nature Reserve
  • Uintjieskraal Private Nature Reserve
  • Vaalkloof Private Nature Reserve
  • Vrolijkheid Nature Reserve
  • Warmwaterberg Nature Reserve
  • Witfontein Nature Rererve
  • Wittebrug Nature Reserve also known as Mosterdshoek Forest.
  • Witzenberg Nature Reserve

Forests

  • Bergplaas Forest
  • Diepwalle Forest
  • Fisantehoek Forest (Petrus Brand)
  • Jubilee Creek Forest Reserve (Goldfield)
  • Groeneweidebos Forest Area
  • Hankey State Forest
  • Harkerville Forest
  • Lelievlei Forest Reserve
  • Millwood Forest Reserve
  • Nysna Forest
  • Quar Forest Reserve
  • Sinclair Forest (Kruisfontein)
  • Walker Bay State Forest
  • Wilderness Forest
  • Witelsbos State Forest

Natural Heritage Sites

  • Altydgedacht National Heritage Site
  • Barkai National Heritage Site
  • Elandsberg
  • Groothagelkraal
  • Gys se Kraal
  • Kareedouw
  • Paardenberg-Bewarea
  • Tierberg

Mountain Catchment Areas

  • Hawequas Mountain Catchment Area
  • Kammanassie Mountain Catchment Area
  • Klein Swartberg Mountain Catchment Area
  • Koue Bokkeveld Mountain Catchment Area
  • Langeberg East Mountain Catchment Area
  • Langeberg West Mountain Catchment Area
  • Matroosberg Mountain Catchment Area
  • Swartberg East Mountain Catchment Area
  • Winterhoek Mountain Catchment Area

See also

References

  1. "Biodiversity & ecosystems". Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (South Africa). Retrieved 2009-07-01. 
  2. Cooper, John (June 2006). "ANTARCTICA AND ISLANDS – Background Research Paper produced for the South Africa Environment Outlook report on behalf of the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism". p. 6. Retrieved 5 October 2010. 
  3. 1993 United Nations list of national parks and protected areas. World Conservation Monitoring Centre, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Commission on Natural Parks and Protected Areas, United Nations Environment Programme. 1993. p. 173. ISBN 2-8317-0190-2. 
  4. "SANParks – South African National Parks (A-Z)". South African National Parks. Retrieved 4 January 2010. 

External links

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