Proceratosauridae

Proceratosaurids Temporal range: Middle Jurassic - Early Cretaceous, 165–120Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Artist's impression of Guanlong wucaii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Theropoda
Superfamily:	†Tyrannosauroidea
Family:	†Proceratosauridae Rauhut, Milner & Moore-Fay, 2010
Type species
Megalosaurus bradleyi Woodward, 1910
Subgroups
†Guanlong †Juratyrant †Kileskus †Proceratosaurus †Sinotyrannus †Stokesosaurus

Proceratosauridae is a family or clade of theropod dinosaurs from the Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous.

Classification

The family belongs to the tyrannosaur lineage. It was first named in 2010 by Oliver Rauhut and colleagues in their re-evaluation of the type genus, Proceratosaurus. Their study supported the idea that Proceratosaurus is a coelurosaur, a tyrannosauroid, and most closely related to the Chinese tyrannosauroid Guanlong. They defined the clade containing these two dinosaurs as all theropods closer to Proceratosaurus than to Tyrannosaurus, Allosaurus, Compsognathus, Coelurus, Ornithomimus, or Deinonychus.^[1] Later studies included the Russian Kileskus and the Chinese Sinotyrannus in the family.^[2] Recently, Proceratosauridae has been found to include Proceratosaurus, Guanlong, Kileskus, Sinotyrannus, and the genera Stokesosaurus and Juratyrant, previously recognized as non-proceratosaurid tyrannosauroids.^[3]

Below is the cladogram by Loewen et al. in 2013.^[3]

References

1. ↑ Rauhut, O. W. M.; Milner, A. C.; Moore-Fay, S. (2010). "Cranial osteology and phylogenetic position of the theropod dinosaurProceratosaurus bradleyi(Woodward, 1910) from the Middle Jurassic of England". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158: 155. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00591.x. 
2. ↑ Brusatte, S.L.; Norell, M.A.; Carr, T.D.; Erickson, G.M.; Hutchinson, J.R.; Balanoff, A.M.; Bever, G.S.; Choiniere, J.N.; Makovicky, P.J.; and Xu, X. (2010). "Tyrannosaur paleobiology: new research on ancient exemplar organisms". Science 329: 1481–1485. Bibcode:2010Sci...329.1481B. doi:10.1126/science.1193304. PMID 20847260. 
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Loewen, M. A.; Irmis, R. B.; Sertich, J. J. W.; Currie, P. J.; Sampson, S. D. (2013). "Tyrant Dinosaur Evolution Tracks the Rise and Fall of Late Cretaceous Oceans". In Evans, David C. PLoS ONE 8 (11): e79420. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079420.