Prevertebral ganglia

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Prevertebral ganglia

Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac plexus and hypogastric plexus.

The celiac ganglia with the sympathetic plexuses of the abdominal viscera radiating from the ganglia.
Gray's	subject #214 977

Prevertebral ganglia (or collateral ganglia,^[1] or preaortic ganglia^[2]) are sympathetic ganglia which lie between the paravertebral ganglia and the organ of supply.

Function

Similar to the paravertebral ganglia, the prevertebral ganglia are the nodules where preganglionic neurons synapse with their postganglionic counterparts. The nerves that synapse in the prevertebral ganglia innervate the pelvic viscera. Some of the targets present in the pelvic viscera include the enteric nervous system, as well as the renal system, bladder, and any other organs present in the abdomen.

Physiology

Nerves arising from the lateral horn of the spinal cord are those of the autonomic nervous system. They exit through the ventral root of the spinal cord, and continue through the ventral rami. At that point, they sharply branch to go through the white ramus communicans of the paravertebral body. Unlike the thoracic and cutaneous nerves, the ANS nerves destined for the pelvic viscera continue through the paravertebral ganglia without synapsing. Instead of synapsing, they continue through splanchnic nerves until they reach a prevertebral ganglia (located proximally to their target organ). Once inside the prevertebral ganglia, the individual neurons comprising the nerve synapse with their postganglionic neuron. The postganglionic nerve then proceed to innervate their targets (pelvic visceral organs).

Examples

These include

1. the celiac ganglia (which can include the aorticorenal ganglion),

2. superior mesenteric ganglia, and

3. inferior mesenteric ganglia.^[3]

Additional images

Sympathetic (red) and parasympathetic (blue) nervous system

References

↑ "uams.edu". Retrieved 2007-10-22.
↑ "Primitive Gut Morphogenesis". Retrieved 2007-10-22.
↑ "The Posterior Abdominal Wall". Archived from the original on 2007-10-11. Retrieved 2007-10-22.

External links

prevertebral+ganglia at eMedicine Dictionary
Physiology at MCG 6/6ch2/s6ch2_30

Nerves – autonomic nervous system (sympathetic nervous system/ganglion/trunks and parasympathetic nervous system/ganglion) (TA A14.3, GA 9.968)

Head/
cranial

Sympathetic	Ciliary ganglion: roots Sensory Sympathetic Short ciliary

Parasympathetic	Ciliary ganglion: roots Sensory Parasympathetic Short ciliary Pterygopalatine ganglion: deep petrosal nerve of pterygoid canal branches of distribution: greater palatine inferior posterior nasal branches lesser palatine nasopalatine medial superior posterior nasal branches pharyngeal Submandibular ganglion Otic ganglion

Neck/
cervical

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Cervical ganglia Superior Middle Inferior Stellate ganglion prevertebral plexus: Cavernous plexus Internal carotid

Chest/
thorax

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Thoracic ganglia prevertebral plexus: Cardiac plexus Esophageal plexus Pulmonary plexus Thoracic aortic plexus splanchnic nerves: cardiopulmonary thoracic cardiac nerves: Superior Middle Inferior

Abdomen/
Lumbar

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Lumbar ganglia prevertebral ganglia: Celiac ganglia Aorticorenal Superior mesenteric ganglion Inferior mesenteric ganglion prevertebral plexus: Celiac plexus Hepatic Splenic Pancreatic aorticorenal Abdominal aortic plexus Renal/Suprarenal Superior mesenteric Gastric Inferior mesenteric Spermatic Ovarian Superior hypogastric hypogastric nerve Superior rectal Inferior hypogastric Vesical Prostatic / Cavernous nerves of penis Uterovaginal Middle rectal splanchnic nerves: Lumbar splanchnic nerves

Enteric	Meissner's plexus Auerbach's plexus

Pelvis/
sacral

Sympathetic	paravertebral ganglia: Sacral ganglia Ganglion impar splanchnic nerves: Sacral splanchnic nerves

Parasympathetic	splanchnic nerves: Pelvic splanchnic nerves

M: PNS

anat (h/r/t/c/b/l/s/a)/phys (r)/devp/prot/nttr/nttm/ntrp

noco/auto/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1B)

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