Pravdinsk
| Pravdinsk (English) Правдинск (Russian) | |
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 In Pravdinsk | |
.svg.png) Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia | |
  Pravdinsk | |
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| Administrative status (as of November 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kaliningrad Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Pravdinsky District[1] |
| Town of district significance | Pravdinsk[1] |
| Administrative center of | Pravdinsky District,[1] town of district significance of Pravdinsk[1] |
| Municipal status (as of July 2009) | |
| Municipal district | Pravdinsky Municipal District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Pravdinskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Pravdinsky Municipal District,[2] Pravdinskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 4,323 inhabitants[3] |
| Time zone | USZ1 (UTC+03:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1312[5] |
| Town status since | 1335[citation needed] |
| Previous names |
Friedland (until 1945),[citation needed] Fridland (until 1946)[5] |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 238400 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 40157[citation needed] |
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Pravdinsk (Russian: 
Правдинск (help·info)), prior to 1946 known by its German name Friedland (Lithuanian: Romuva; Polish: Frydląd) is a town and the administrative center of Pravdinsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Lava River, approximately 30 kilometers (19 mi) east of Bagrationovsk and 53 kilometers (33 mi) southeast of Kaliningrad, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 4,323 (2010 Census);[3] 4,480 (2002 Census);[7] 4,143 (1989 Census).[8]
History
It was founded in 1312[5] at a ford across the Lava River after the local Natangian tribe in Prussia was subdued by the Teutonic Knights. It received town privileges in 1335 under Grand Master Luther von Braunschweig.[citation needed] The town was devastated during the Thirteen Years' War between the Order and the Prussian Confederation. Known then by its German name Friedland ("peaceful land"), the town became a part of the Duchy of Prussia after the secularization of the Order-State in 1525. Under the ruling Hohenzollern dynasty, Friedland became a part of Brandenburg-Prussia in 1618 and was again ravaged by Swedish troops in the course of the Second Northern War 1655-1660.
Friedland belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia from 1701; on June 14, 1807, Napoleon's French army won the nearby Battle of Friedland against a combined Russian-Prussian army. The town became part of the German Empire in 1871 during the Prussian-led unification of Germany.
Conquered by the Red Army during World War II, the town was transferred from Germany to the Soviet Union according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement and the German population was expelled. The town was renamed Pravdinsk in 1946.[5]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Pravdinsk serves as the administrative center of Pravdinsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with thirty-two rural localities, incorporated within Pravdinsky District as the town of district significance of Pravdinsk.[1] As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Pravdinsk is incorporated within Pravdinsky Municipal District as Pravdinskoye Urban Settlement.[2]
Religion
The Late Gothic church of St. George in the town center is well preserved and today used by the Moscow Patriarchate.
Pravdinsk is identified in some historical accounts[citation needed] with Romuva, said to be the center of Baltic paganism. The Lithuanian name for Pravdinsk is "Romuva", and this was most likely its name in Old Prussian as well. Whether Romuva was in fact associated with Baltic paganism is disputed, however. Some have suggested that this belief started when early Christian chroniclers were confused by the similarity between "Romuva" and "Rome", and by their own unwarranted assumption that Baltic paganism should resemble Roman paganism in being focused around a particular geographical center.
International relations
Pravdinsk is part of the Friedliches Land (Peaceful Land) municipal association with:
Frýdlant, Czech Republic- Frýdlant nad Ostravicí, Czech Republic
Friedland, Brandenburg, Germany- Friedland, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany
- Friedland, Lower Saxony, Germany
Korfantów (Friedland in Oberschlesien), Poland- Mieroszów (Friedland in Niederschlesien), Poland
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Resolution #640
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Law #476
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 361. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Russian)
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
Sources
- Правительство Калининградской области. Постановление №640 от 30 августа 2011 г. «Об утверждении реестра объектов административно-территориального деления Калининградской области», в ред. Постановления №877 от 21 ноября 2011 г «О внесении изменения в Постановление Правительства Калининградской области от 30 августа 2011 г. №640». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Калининградская правда" (вкладыш "Официально"), №170, 15 сентября 2011 г. (Government of Kaliningrad Oblast. Resolution #640 of August 30, 2011 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Objects of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of Kaliningrad Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #877 of November 21, 2011 On Amending the Resolution of the Government of Kaliningrad Oblast #640 of August 30, 2011. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Калининградская областная Дума. Закон №476 от 21 декабря 2004 г. «О наделении муниципального образования "Правдинский район" статусом муниципального района и об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципальных образований, находящихся на его территории», в ред. Закона №370 от 1 июля 2009 г «О составе территорий муниципальных образований Калининградской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская газета" ("Запад России"), №290, 30 декабря 2004 г. (Kaliningrad Oblast Duma. Law #476 of December 21, 2004 On Granting the Status of a Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Pravdinsky District" and on Establishing the Borders and Granting Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formations Located on Its Territory, as amended by the Law #370 of July 1, 2009 On the Composition of the Territories of the Municipal Formations of Kaliningrad Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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