Prênk Bibë Doda

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Prênk Bibë Doda
Prince of Mirdita
4th Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
28 May 1914 – 3 September 1914
Prime Minister Ismail Qemali
Preceded by Turhan Përmeti
Succeeded by Myfit Libohova
Personal details
Born 1860
Orosh, Mirditë, Albania
Died 22 March 1919
Nationality Albanian
Religion Roman Catholic

Prênk Bibë Doda (1860–1919) was an Albanian leader of the resistance against the Ottoman Empire, prince of Mirdita, and politician in the Principality of Albania.[1]

Background

Doda was born in 1860 in Orosh, the son of Bib Dode Pasha from the Gjonmarkaj clan, which has historically been the leading family in the region of Mirdita. His father was given the title Pasha from the Ottomans due to his support in suppressing the Albanian Revolt of 1847 against the Tanzimat reforms.[2] He spent his youth in Istambul and returned to Mirdita in 1876. Immediately after, he went in agreement with the Montenegrins for and aided uprising against the Ottomans. He was a main contributor to the Albanian League of Prizren in 1878.[3] Gjergj Fishta would later portray Doda in his epic masterpiece "Lahuta e Malcis".
After the failure of the League, the Ottoman government exiled Doda for 17 years in Asia Minor in order to avoid his ruling in Mirdita. Mirdita leaders pressured the Sublime Porte for his release, but it was only after the Young Turk Revolution that Doda returned from exile in 1908.[3] Doda led rebellions against the empire, on October 26, 1911 he founded in Mirdita a Provision Government of Albania together with Terenzio Tocci, overruled by the Ottomans at that time, and contributed in the reconciliation of blood feuds in the region. After the Albanian Declaration of Independence his name was an important one in Albanian politics. In order to gain support of the Mirdita Catholic volunteers from the northern mountains during the Muslim Uprising in Albania in 1914 Prince of Wied appointed Doda to be the foreign minister of the Principality of Albania. The government was paying a force of 5,000 to 7,000 under Doda's command.[4] Doda's volunteers and the International Dutch Gendarmerie were also joined by Isa Boletini and his men, mostly from Kosovo,[5] as well as 2,000 tribesmen of Mat under the command of Ahmet Zogu.[4]
Dutch gendarmes together with Dode's northern Mirdita Catholics attempted to capture Shijak, but when they engaged the rebels on May 23, they were surrounded and captured, as well as the another expedition from Durrës which attempted to release the captured gendarmes. Another expedition failed on June 23, around 15 miles north of Durrës near Slinzë, where Prenk himself was captured by the rebels and then released on parole. There were rumors that he was a traitor to Prince Wilhelm, and he laid down arms and went voluntarily to the rebels.[6] After WWI, he served as Deputy Prime Minister in the government of Turhan Pasha Permeti.[3]

In 1918 Doda took part in the Congress of Durrës and was elected vice president of Government of Durrës.[7] He was in a very tense relationship with the Italian authorities established in Albania, and in a very good relations with the British diplomats. In 22 March 1919 he died, killed in an ambush prepared by Preng Gjeta Caku band, paid by the Italians, while traveling from Durrës to Shëngjin in company of British diplomat Eden who got wounded.[8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Vickers, Miranda (1999). The Albanians: a modern history. Londen: I.B.Tauris. p. 103. ISBN 1-86064-541-0. Retrieved 2011-06-14. 
  2. ↑ Stefanaq Pollo, Kristo Frasheri (1983), Historia e Shqipërisë: Vitet 30 të shek. XIX-1912 (in Albanian), Tirana, Albania: Akademia e Shkencave e RPS të Shqipërisë, Instituti i Historisë, p. 146, OCLC 255273594, retrieved 2013-12-14 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Robert Elsie (March 19, 2010). Historical Dictionary of Albania. Historical Dictionaries of Europe 75 (2 ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0810861886. Retrieved 2013-12-14. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Duncan Heaton-Armstrong (August 25, 2005). The Six Month Kingdom: Albania 1914. I. B. Tauris. p. 92. ISBN 978-1850437611. Retrieved 2013-12-14. 
  5. ↑ Elsie, Robert. "Albania under prince Wied". Archived from the original on January 25, 2011. Retrieved January 25, 2011. "... mostly volunteers from Kosova under their leader Isa Boletini" 
  6. ↑ Owen Pearson (February 2, 2006). Albania in the Twentieth Century, A History: Volume I: Albania and King Zog, 1908-39. I. B. Tauris. p. 69. ISBN 978-1845110130. Retrieved 06.02.14. 
  7. ↑ Owen Pearson (February 2, 2006). Albania in the Twentieth Century, A History: Volume I: Albania and King Zog, 1908-39. I. B. Tauris. p. 117. ISBN 978-1845110130. Retrieved 16.12.13. 
  8. ↑ Sejfi Vllamasi (1995), "V", Ballafaqime politike në Shqipëri (1897-1942): kujtime dhe vlerësime historike [Political confrontations in Albania (1897-1942): memories and political evaluations], Shtëpia Botuese "Marin Barleti", OCLC 37228559, "Preng Gjeta Caku niset menjëherë në vendin e pritës për t’i dalë para Pashës. Sadri Zeka menjëherë lajmëron Mana Begun, kryetar i Bashkisë, i cili telefonon në Shkodër për një veturë për ta nisur S. Zekën që ta priste Pashën por, kur mbërrini vetura, puna ishte kryer.
    Preng Pasha niset për tokë prej Durrësi me Edenin (konsull anglez) e Inteligjens Servisit, i cili kryente një shërbim special në atë kohë në favor të Shqipërisë. Kur e kalojnë lumin e Matit, vetura qëllohet nga prita. Pasha ngrihet më këmbë e bërtet: “Më vritni mue e mos qitni mbi të huejt, se asht kundra zakonit tonë” Pasha dhe disa nga njerëzit e tij vriten, ndërsa konsulli Eden plagoset në krahë. Kështu P. Pasha vritet prej italianëve me duar të shqiptarëve."     
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