Pope Martin I

Pope Saint Martin I
Papacy began	21 July 649
Papacy ended	16 September 655
Predecessor	Theodore I
Successor	Eugene I
Personal details
Born	??? Near Todi, Umbria, Byzantine Empire
Died	16 September 655(655-09-16) Cherson, the Crimea, Byzantine Empire
Other popes named Martin

Papal styles of Pope Martin I
Reference style	His Holiness
Spoken style	Your Holiness
Religious style	Holy Father
Posthumous style	Saint

Pope Martin I (Latin: Martinus I; died 16 September 655) was Pope from 21 July 649 to his death in 655.^[1] He was born near Todi, Umbria, in the place now named after him (Pian di San Martino). He succeeded Pope Theodore I on 5 July 649. He was the only pope during the Byzantine Papacy whose election was not approved by a iussio from Constantinople. Martin I was abducted by Emperor Constans II and died in the Crimean peninsula. He is considered a saint and martyr by the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church.

He was the last apocrisiarius to be elected pope.

Apokrisiariat

He had previously acted as papal apocrisiarius or legate at Constantinople, and was held in high repute for his learning and virtue.

Papacy (649–653)

One of his first official acts was to summon the Lateran Council of 649 to deal with the Monothelites, whom the Church considered heretical. The Council met in the church of St. John Lateran. It was attended by 105 bishops (chiefly from Italy, Sicily, and Sardinia, with a few from Africa and other quarters), held five sessions or secretarii from 5 October to 31 October 649, and in twenty canons condemned Monothelitism, its authors, and the writings by which Monothelitism had been promulgated. In this condemnation were included not only the Ecthesis (the exposition of faith of the Patriarch Sergius for which the emperor Heraclius had stood sponsor), but also the typus of Paul, the successor of Sergius, which had the support of the reigning Emperor (Constans II).

Abduction and exile (653–655)

Martin was very energetic in publishing the decrees of the Lateran Council of 649 in an encyclical, and Constans replied by enjoining his exarch (governor) in Italy to arrest the pope should he persist in this line of conduct and send Martin as a prisoner to Rome of Constantinople.

These orders were found impossible to carry out for a considerable space of time, but at last Martin was arrested in the Lateran on 17 June 653 along with Maximus the Confessor. He was hurried out of Rome and conveyed first to Naxos, Greece, and subsequently to Constantinople, where he arrived on 17 September 653. After suffering an exhausting imprisonment and many alleged public indignities, he was ultimately banished to Chersonesos Taurica (a city in present-day southern Ukraine in the Crimea region), where he arrived on 15 May 655 and died on 16 September of that year.

Place in the calendar of saints

April 13 is the optional memorial of St Martin I in the Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church.^[2] In the Extraordinary Form, his feast is celebrated on November 12.

References

Further reading

• Ekonomou, Andrew J. 2007. Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes: Eastern influences on Rome and the papacy from Gregory the Great to Zacharias, A.D. 590–752. Lexington Books.

External links

• Catholic Encyclopedia: Pope St. Martin I
• Pope Saint Martin I in Patron Saints Index
• Pope Martin I

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