Ponerinae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ponerinae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Fighting Harpegnathos saltator | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Ponerinae Lepeletier, 1835 |
| Type genus | |
| Ponera | |
| Genera | |
|
28 extant (in 3 tribes); 12 fossil[1] | |
Plectroctena sp. fighting
Ponerinae is a subfamily of ants in the Poneromorph subfamilies group, with about 1,600 species in 28 extant genera, including Dinoponera gigantea - one of the world's largest species of ant.
They are most easily identified from other sub-families by a constricted gaster (abdomen). They are rare examples of stinging ants.[2]
Identification
Workers of this subfamily can be distinguished by the following traits:
- outer borders of frontal lobes forming short semicircles or triangles, and having a pinched -in appearance posteriorly,
- promesonotal suture flexible,
- constriction present between abdominal segments 3 and 4, but segment 3 not markedly reduced in size compared to segment 4 (i.e., postpetiole absent);
- abdominal segments 3 and 4 with tergosternal fusion; and
- sting well developed.[3]
Tribes
- Platythyreini — only one genus Platythyrea
- Ponerini
- Thaumatomyrmecini – Thaumatomyrmex
Genera
- Platythyreini Emery, 1901
- Platythyrea Roger, 1863
- Ponerini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
- Anochetus Mayr, 1861
- †Archiponera Carpenter, 1930
- Asphinctopone Santschi, 1914
- Belonopelta Mayr, 1870
- Boloponera Fisher, 2006
- Centromyrmex Mayr, 1866
- †Cephalopone Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- Cryptopone Emery, 1893
- †Cyrtopone Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- Diacamma Mayr, 1862
- Dinoponera Roger, 186
- Dolioponera Brown, 1974
- Emeryopone Forel, 1912
- Feroponera Bolton & Fisher, 2008
- Harpegnathos Jerdon, 1851
- Hypoponera Santschi, 1938
- Leptogenys Roger, 1861
- Loboponera Bolton & Brown, 2002
- †Messelepone Dlussky & Wedmann, 2012
- Myopias Roger, 1861
- Odontomachus Latreille, 1804
- Odontoponera Mayr, 1862
- Pachycondyla Smith, 1858
- Phrynoponera Wheeler, 1920
- Plectroctena Smith, 1858
- Ponera Latreille, 1804
- †Ponerites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
- †Poneropsis Heer, 1867
- Promyopias Santschi, 1914
- †Protopone Dlussky, 1988
- Psalidomyrmex André, 1890
- Simopelta Mann, 1922
- Streblognathus Mayr, 1862
- Thaumatomyrmecini Emery, 1901
- Thaumatomyrmex Mayr, 1887
- incertae sedis
- †Afropone Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn, 2004
- †Eogorgites Hong, 2002
- †Eoponerites Hong, 2002
- †Furcisutura Hong, 2002
- †Longicapitia Hong, 2002
Genera previously classified in Ponerinae
- Rhytidoponera – subfamily Ectatomminae
- Discothyrea – subfamily Proceratiinae
- Probolomyrmex – subfamily Proceratiinae
- Proceratium – subfamily Proceratiinae
- Amblyopone – subfamily Amblyoponinae
- Onychomyrmex – subfamily Amblyoponinae
References
- ↑ Bolton, B. (2013), "An online catalog of the ants of the world.", AntCat, retrieved 22 September 2013
- ↑ Hoffman, Donald R. "Ant venoms" Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2010, vol. 10, pages 342-346. doi:10.1097/ACI.0b013e328339f325
- ↑ "Subfamily: Ponerinae". antweb.org. AntWeb. Retrieved 21 September 2013.
External links
Media related to Ponerinae at Wikimedia Commons
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