Požarevac

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Požarevac
Пожаревац
Municipality and Town
Downtown

Coat of arms
Location of the municipality of Požarevac within Serbia
Coordinates: 44°37′N 21°11′E / 44.617°N 21.183°E / 44.617; 21.183Coordinates: 44°37′N 21°11′E / 44.617°N 21.183°E / 44.617; 21.183
Country  Serbia
District Braničevo
Settlements 27
Government
 • Mayor Miomir Ilić (SPS)
Population (2011 census)[1]
 • Town 44,183
 • Municipality 75,334
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 12000
Area code +381 12
Car plates PO
Website www.pozarevac.rs

Požarevac (Serbian Cyrillic: Пожаревац, pronounced [pɔ̂ʒaːrɛʋat͡s]) is a city in eastern Serbia. It is located between three rivers: Danube, Great Morava and Mlava. It is the administrative centre of the Braničevo District of Serbia. In 2011, the city had a population of 44,183 and its municipal area 75,334.

Name

In Serbian, the city is known as Požarevac (Пожаревац), in Romanian as Pojarevaţ, in Turkish as Pasarofça, in German as Passarowitz, and in Hungarian as Pozsarevác.

The name means "fire-town" in Serbian (Here "fire" is in the sense of a disaster).

History

Ancient times

In ancient times, the area was inhabited by Thracians, Dacians, and Celts. [citation needed] There was a city at this locality known as Margus in Latin after the Roman conquest in the first century BC. [citation needed]

In 435, the city of Margus, under the Eastern Roman Empire, was the site of a treaty between the Byzantine Empire and the Hun leaders Attila and Bleda. [citation needed]

One pretext for the Hun invasion of the Eastern Roman Empire in 442 was that the Bishop of Margus had crossed the Danube to ransack and desecrate the royal Hun graves on the north bank of the Danube. When the Romans discussed handing over the Bishop, he slipped away and betrayed the city to the Huns, who then sacked the city and went on to invade as far as the gates of Constantinople itself. [citation needed]

After the fall of the Hunnic Empire, the area was again controlled by the Eastern Roman Empire. In the 6th century, it was briefly controlled by the Kingdom of the Gepids. Since the 6th century, the area was populated by Slavs, but the Eastern Roman Empire held a nominal control over the region until the 8th century when Balkan Slavs achieved de facto independence from the Eastern Empire. The area was subsequently included into the Bulgarian Empire and was alternately ruled by the Bulgarian Empire, the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary until the 13th century.

In the 13th century, the area was ruled by independent local Slavic-Bulgarian rulers, Drman and Kudelin. It was subsequently included into the Kingdom of Syrmia, ruled by Serbian king Stefan Dragutin and into the Kingdom of Serbia and Serbian Empire ruled by Stefan Dušan.

Archaeology

A Bronze Age figurine "The Idol of Kličevac" was found in a grave in the village of Kličevac. It was destroyed during World War I.[2]

The National Museum in Belgrade and Požarevac has some 40,000 items found in Viminacium, of which over 700 are of gold and silver. Among them are many invaluable rarities.

In June 2008, a Triballian (Thracian) grave was found with ceramics (urns). These date from the first millennium BC.[3]

Modern city

Modern town of Požarevac was firstly mentioned in the 14th century under name Puporače[4] and was firstly mentioned under present-day name in 1476.[5] The town was part of Moravian Serbia and Serbian Despotate, until the Ottoman conquest in 1459. During Ottoman administration, it was part of the Sanjak of Smederevo.

In 1718, Požarevac was the site of the signing of the Treaty of Požarevac. After this treaty, the town came under Habsburg control and was part of the Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia (from 1718 to 1739). Since 1739, the town was again under Ottoman control. During the First Serbian Uprising (1804-1813), the town was part of the Karađorđe's Serbia. After the end of the uprising in 1813, the town briefly came again under direct Ottoman control, but, following the Second Serbian Uprising from 1815, the town became part of the autonomous Ottoman Principality of Serbia. Požarevac was the second capital of Serbian prince Miloš Obrenović and the first regular state court in Serbia was established in this town in 1821. Since 1878, Požarevac was part of the independent Principality of Serbia and since 1882 part of the Kingdom of Serbia.

Since 1918, the town was part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed to the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929), while during Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, from 1941 to 1944, it was part of the German-occupied puppet state of Serbia. Since 1944, Požarevac was part of new socialist Serbia within socialist Yugoslavia. Since 1992, the town was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (renamed to Serbia and Montenegro in 2003), and since 2006, it is part of an independent Republic of Serbia.

Municipalities and settlements

The city of Požarevac includes two main municipalities:

These include the following settlements:

In the 2008 reform of Serbian local government, Požarevac received the status of a city and the town of Kostolac became the seat of the second city municipality. Požarevac is the smallest Serbian city consisting of two municipalities.

Population through history

During the time of the Principality of Serbia, Požarevac was among the largest cities (after Belgrade, Niš, Kragujevac and Leskovac). Losses during World War I and World War II resulted in a net decline of the population.

  • 1900: 12,980
  • 1905: 12,162
  • 1910: 13,613
  • 1921: 11,500
  • 1931: 14,042
  • 1941: 16,300 (estimate)
  • 1948: 15,474
  • 1953: 18,529
  • 1961: 24,269
  • 1971: 32,828
  • 1981: 39,735
  • 1991: 41,160
  • 2002: 41,736
  • 2011: 44,183

Demographics

Ethnic groups in the Požarevac municipality (2011 census):

  • Total = 75,334

Politics

Seats in the municipality parliament won in the 2004 local elections:[6]

  • Socialist Party of Serbia (16)
  • Democratic Party (15)
  • Serbian Radical Party (10)
  • Democratic Party of Serbia (9)
  • Serbian Strength Movement (8)
  • Coalition "Because of Požarevac" (6)
  • G17 Plus (4)

Seats in the municipality parliament won in the 2008 local elections:

  • Democratic Party (26)
  • Serbian Radical Party (22)
  • Socialist Party of Serbia (11)
  • Democratic Party of Serbia (5)
  • G17 Plus (4)

Seats in the municipality parliament won in the 2012 local elections:

  • Socialist Party of Serbia (18)
  • Serbian Progressive Party (17)
  • Democratic Party (17)
  • United Regions of Serbia (6)
  • Turnover (5)
  • Serbian Radical Party (5)

Education

  • Grammar school (Požarevačka gimnazija), a co-educational high-school
  • Technical College (Visoka tehnička škola strukovnih studija u Požarevcu)[7]

People associated with Požarevac

Gallery

  • Municipal Assembly of Požarevac

  • Downtown

  • Požarevac Park

  • Regional History Museum

  • Čačalica Memorial Park

  • Old coat of arms of Požarevac during the SFR Yugoslavia

  • Downtown (1980s)

  • The Ljubičevo Horse Games in Požarevac

  • Spomenik na brdu - spomen parku Čačalica u Požarevcu

See also

References

  1. ↑ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in The Republic of Serbia: Age and Sex – Data by settlements". Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2012. ISBN 978-86-6161-023-3. Retrieved 2013-09-11. 
  2. ↑ "[Projekat Rastko] Dr Draga Garasanin: Bronze Age in Serbia". Rastko.rs. Retrieved 2013-09-30. 
  3. ↑ http://www.jasatomic.org.yu/?postid=7953
  4. ↑ "Požarevac, Kostolac, Malo Crniće, Petrovac « National Tourism Organisation of Serbia". Serbia.travel. Retrieved 2013-09-30. 
  5. ↑ "Историјат". Pozarevac.rs. Retrieved 2013-09-30. 
  6. ↑
  7. ↑ "ВТШСС Пожаревац". Vts-pozarevac.edu.rs. 2013-09-20. Retrieved 2013-09-30. 

External links

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
Municipalities
Municipalities and cities of Vojvodina
Municipalities and cities of Šumadija and Western Serbia
Municipalities and cities of Southern and Eastern Serbia
1 Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Kosovo. The latter declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. Kosovo's independence has been recognised by 108 out of 193 United Nations member states.
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