Plymouth Suburban

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Plymouth Suburban is a Plymouth station wagon[1] produced from 1949[2] to 1978.[citation needed]

Prior to 1949, Plymouth had offered only a 4-door "woodie" station wagon, which was expensive not only to build, but also to buy. In 1949, Plymouth revolutionised the US station wagon market by introducing the industry's first all-steel body station wagon, the Suburban.[3] In addition, for the first time in a low-priced car, automatic "turn-the-key" ignition/starter combination was introduced.[4] The Suburban featured a two-door body (plus tailgate) and seated six. The back row of seating folded flat to allow 42 inches (1,100 mm) of flat floor space,[5] and became popular as a commercial wagon.

The Suburban for 1950 was accompanied by a four-door Special Deluxe wagon, the last of the "woodies", for those wanting something a little more traditional. There were two Plymouth wheelbases, with the Suburban riding on the shorter 111-inch (2,800 mm) platform (the Special Deluxe was 118.5 inches). Vinyl upholstery was used, as this was more hard-wearing for utilitarian use. Motive power was the Chrysler Corporation's smallest six, a 217.8cid L-head that produced 97 bhp @ 3,800rpm.[6] The Suburbans rode on 6.40x15 inch Goodyear tyres, though a 6.70x15 inch "Super Cushion" tyre option with higher gearing was offered, as was a high-clearance 18-inch (460 mm) wheel option.[7] A "taxi package" was recommended to owners expecting to carry heavy loads, featuring heavy-duty chassis springs and shock absorbers, a 100amp/hr battery with a heat shield, and even heavier grade springs in seats and seat backs.[8]

The Suburban continued to 1955 with few changes other than annual styling applications (including a new body in 1953 and again in 1955). New for 1953 was the Hydrive automatic transmission, which was really a manual with a torque converter that eliminated shifting between second and third,[9] sharing lubrication between engine and transmission. The 1954 models benefitted from a power upgrade to 117 bhp from the ageing L-head six, as well as an optional two-speed "Power-Flite" automatic. In 1955 Plymouth introduced a range of V8 engines, extending the power plant range to a 117 bhp 230cid L-head six, a polyspherical-head 157 bhp 241cid V8, a 167 bhp 260cid V8, and a 177 bhp 260cid V8 (with 4bbl carbs), the former two of which were available for the Suburban. All-new Virgil Exner styling and a good year for all manufacturers, contributed to Plymouth's best year ever of 705,455 cars.[10]

The 1956 models came with more V8 power upgrades, up to 180 bhp 270cid V8, 187 bhp 277cid V8, 200 bhp 277cid V8, with a 240 bhp 303cid V8 for the Fury.[11] Instead of simply being a part of the standard range of models (the Deluxe in 1950, the Concord in 1951-1952, the Cambridge for 1954 and the Plaza in 1955), the Suburban of 1956 was now offered in both Plaza and Belvedere lines. Tail fins featured for the first time, in what Exner christened the "Forward Look".[12] You can pick a '56 from a '55 Suburban by the grille centre section - fifty-fives had a ribbed centre section, with a chrome V badge on the hood to identify a V8 engine. That V moved down into the grille centre for '56 and block P-L-Y-M-O-U-T-H lettering appeared on the hood front. At the rear, the '56 tail lamps were larger.

A radical new body arrived for 1957, again by Exner. Indeed, so modern was the design in comparison to the '56, that Plymouth's ad men proclaimed that "Suddenly it's 1960".[13] Styling on both Suburbans and indeed the whole line, was cleaner, without the hugely ornate grille castings Plymouths had worn for so long. Although the sedans rode on a 118-inch (3,000 mm) wheelbase, the wagons were 122 inches (3,100 mm). By now the Suburban was a separate model ine in its own right, a move that had come about the previous year.

Suburbans for 1958 were quite similar to those sold in '57, but with detail changes like an under-bumper grille and a V in the grille centre. The P-L-Y-M-O-U-T-H lettering was gone agin, replaced by a hood emblem. The rear vision mirror mounted on the dash top moved off-centre over toward the driver's side. The old L-head six was still available (though not for too much longer) and there were now three "Dual Fury" V8s; 225 bhp, 250 bhp (4bbl) and 290 bhp (8bbl), as well as a 350cid "Golden Commando" option.

Although based on the same body, 1959 Plymouth Suburbans featured an 'egg-crate' grille and side trim changes, while the front bumper lost its raised centre section and larger tail lamps set the '58s apart from the rear.

Unitary construction was the song being sung of the 1960 Plymouth range. Styling changes included a flat hood from fender to fender, and more pronounced tail fins tacked on the rear. The P-L-Y-M-O-U-T-H lettering was back again, along the front of the hood, and a short side flash (for two-toning purposes) finished just after the front wheel arches. A 225cid "Slant Six" replaced the old L-head six - this came from development of the new Valiant V-200 series 'compact' cars.

In 1961, a year "most beholders would agree...it was hit with the ugly stick",[14] it was available in six models: one two-door and five four-doors, selling at between US$2,604 for the base two-door (style number 255) and US$3,136 for the top four-door (style number 377).[15] It ran on a 122 in (3,100 mm) wheelbase, measured 215 in (550 cm) long, 80 in (200 cm) wide, and 55.4 in (141 cm) high, with standard 7.5 by 14 in (19 by 36 cm) wheels (8 by 14 in (20 by 36 cm) were optional) and blackwall tires.[16] It had a cargo capacity of 95.8 cu ft (2,710 l), with 21 US gal (17 imp gal; 79 l) fuel, and weighed between 3,675 lb (1,667 kg) (for the two-door) and 3,995 lb (1,812 kg) (for the top four-door).[17] It was available with the 225 cu in (3.7 l) slant 6 or 318 cu in (5.2 l) Fury (single four-barrel carburetor), 318 cu in (5.2 l) Super Fury 318 cu in (5.2 l) (dual four-barrel carburetors), 361 cu in (5.9 l) Golden Commando, or 383 cu in (6.3 l) SonoRamic Commando V8.[18] Either three-speed manual or TorqueFlite automatic transmission were available.[19] It was aimed at the Chevrolet Impala/Biscayne, Ford Galaxie, and up-market AMC Ambassador.[20]

References

  1. ↑ Flory, J. "Kelly", Jr. American Cars 1960-1972 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Coy, 2004), p.123.
  2. ↑ Bill Vance (March 19, 2001). "Motoring Memories: 1949 Plymouth Suburban". CanadianDriver. 
  3. ↑ A Pictorial History Of Chrysler Corporation Cars
  4. ↑ A Pictorial History Of Chrysler Corporation Cars
  5. ↑ A Pictorial History Of Chrysler Corporation Cars
  6. ↑ Consumer Guide: Cars Of The 50s, page 73
  7. ↑ http://www.allpar.com/history/plymouth/1946-1959/plymouth-1951.html
  8. ↑ http://www.allpar.com/history/plymouth/1946-1959/plymouth-1951.html
  9. ↑ Consumer Guide: Cars Of The 50s, page 74
  10. ↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Automobile_Production_Figures
  11. ↑ Consumer Guide: Cars Of The 50s, page 75
  12. ↑ Consumer Guide: Cars Of The 50s, page 75
  13. ↑ Consumer Guide: Cars Of The 50s, page 75
  14. ↑ Flory, p.123.
  15. ↑ Flory, p.127.
  16. ↑ Flory, p.127.
  17. ↑ Flory, p.127.
  18. ↑ Flory, p.124.
  19. ↑ Flory, p.124.
  20. ↑ Flory, p.127.

External links

Vehicles
Historic
Cars
Concept
Cars
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.