Placekicker

An amateur placekicker attempts to kick a field goal.

Placekicker, or simply kicker (PK or K), is the player in American and Canadian football who is responsible for the kicking duties of field goals and extra points. In many cases, the placekicker also serves as the team's kickoff specialist (KOS) or, more rarely, punter (P), as well.

Specialized role of kicker (vs punter)

The kicker initially was not a specialized role. Until the 1960s, the kicker almost always doubled at another position on the roster, George Blanda, Frank Gifford and Paul Hornung being some of the more prominent examples of players who were stars at other positions as well as being known for their kicking abilities. As the era of "two-way" players gave way to increased specialization, teams would employ a specialist at the punter or kicker position. Ben Agajanian, who started his career in the late 1940s, was the first place-kicking specialist in the NFL, playing for several teams.^[1] Because of the difference in techniques needed, to avoid leg fatigue, and to reduce the risk of injury, on the professional level most teams employ separate players to handle the jobs. The placekicker usually will only punt when the punter is injured, and vice-versa. (One player often handles both jobs in the Canadian Football League, which has smaller active rosters than in the NFL.) A professional team will occasionally even have a "kickoff specialist" who handles only the kickoffs and serves as a backup to the kicker who handles field goals and extra points. This is typically done to further protect a premier point-scoring kicker from injury or if he, while accurate, does not have sufficient distance on kickoffs.

Amateur teams (e.g., college or high school) often do not differentiate between placekickers and punters, have different players assume different placekicking duties (for example, one person handles kicking off, another kicks long field goals, and another kicks from shorter distances), or have regular position players handle kicking duties. The last option is quite common on high school teams, when the best athletes are often the best kickers. Before the modern era of pro football, this was also the case for professional teams, particularly when most placekicks were still made in the "straight on" style outlined below.

Salary and team standing

Placekickers and punters are often the lowest paid starters on professional teams, although proven placekickers sometimes earn over $1 million per year in salary.

In addition, kickers are at times ostracized by other players due to the perceived non-physical and limited nature of their duties, as well as the fact they often are allowed to leave practice before the rest of the team.^[2]

It is not uncommon for a placekicker to be one of the smallest members of their team. However, The New York Times in 2011 wrote that NFL kickers had adopted year-round weight training and strict diets.^[3] Sebastian Janikowski that year was a 6-foot-2-inch (1.88 m) and 250-pound (110 kg) kicker. Kicker Rob Bironas, who is 6 feet (1.8 m) and 205 pounds (93 kg), noted, "I might be bigger than some wide receivers and cornerbacks."^[3]

The presence of foreign born-and-raised players in the highest levels of gridiron football has largely been limited to placekickers—occasionally even coming from outside the traditional American high school and/or college football systems—and all but one of the women to have played men's American football were placekickers while the lone exception was a placekick holder. Notably Tom Landry recruited several soccer players from Latin America, such as Efren Herrera and Raphael Septien, to compete for the job of placekicker for the Dallas Cowboys. These anecdotes increase the perception of the placekicker as an outsider.

As of 2012, only three kickers have been elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame: George Blanda, Lou Groza and Jan Stenerud, and among those three, Stenerud is the only one who did not also play another position.

Nevertheless, due to their duties in kicking both field goals and extra points placekickers are usually responsible for scoring more points than any other player on a team, and very often entire football games may come down to a single kick.^[4] The top 25 players in NFL history in career scoring are all placekickers.^[5]

Janikowski of the Oakland Raiders, is the NFL's highest paid kicker.^{[citation needed]}

Kicking style

Rian Lindell prepares for a practice field goal kick.

Placekickers today are all "soccer-style" kickers, approaching the ball from several steps to the left of it [for a right-footed kicker] and several steps behind and striking the ball with the instep of the foot. Before this method of kicking was popularized in the 1960s by Pete Gogolak and his younger brother Charlie, the first placekicker to be drafted in the first round,^{[citation needed]} every place kicker was a "straight on" kicker, a style that requires the use of a special shoe that is extremely rigid and has a flattened and slightly upturned toe. ^[6] In the straight on style, also known as "straight-toe" style, the kicker approaches the ball from directly behind, rather than from the side, and strikes the ball with the toe. Straight on kickers are relatively uncommon in college football due to the control and power disadvantages, but a very small percentage of high school football players still kick straight-toe. The last full-time straight on placekicker in the NFL was Mark Moseley who retired from the Cleveland Browns after the 1986 season; Dirk Borgognone, who set records with the straight toe in high school, tried but failed to make several NFL teams in the early 1990s.

Shoes

Placekickers in the modern game usually wear specialized shoes (soccer boots), but in very rare circumstances some prefer to kick barefoot. Tony Franklin was one such barefoot kicker, who played in Super Bowls for the Philadelphia Eagles and New England Patriots. Another was Rich Karlis, who once shared two kicking records - the record for longest field goal in Super Bowl history, kicking a 47-yard field goal in Super Bowl XXI and also for the most field goals in a game, seven for Minnesota in 1989, tying Jim Bakken's record of the time, a record since broken by Rob Bironas.^{[citation needed]} More recently, Englishman Rob Hart kicked barefoot during his 7-year NFL Europe career. John Baker also used the style in the 1990s in the Canadian Football League, as did José Cortéz in the XFL.

A unique shoe was worn by New Orleans Saints kicker Tom Dempsey; Dempsey had a deformed kicking foot that left him with a flat kicking surface at the front of his foot, and he wore a shoe that accommodated it. After Dempsey kicked a record-setting 63-yard field goal using the special shoe, the league instituted a rule change establishing standards for kicking shoes. This eventually ended Dempsey's kicking career.

Barefoot kickers are banned in the vast majority of high school games, due to a rule by the National Federation of State High School Associations, which requires all players to wear shoes. Massachusetts and Texas play by NCAA rules,^[7] and therefore barefoot kickers are legal in those two states.^{[citation needed]}

Kicking stance

Almost all soccer-style kickers share a similar approach to the ball: knees bent, leaning forward at the waist, taking three steps, and then proceeding to kick the ball. Examples of unusual approaches include Paul Edinger, who stood backwards, and spun around 180 degrees to kick the ball, and Donald Igwebuike, who played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, took a step backwards before approaching the ball.

References