Pisces V

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Pisces V operated by NURP's Hawaii center dives to 2000 m.

Pisces V is a deep-submergence vehicle (DSV) of the Pisces class built in 1973.

Pisces V is type of manned submersible ocean exploration device, powered by battery, and capable of operating to depths of 2000 m (6,280 ft), a depth that is optimum for use in the sea waters around the Hawaiian Islands. It is used by scientists to explore the deep sea around the underwater banks in the main Hawaiian Islands, as well as the underwater features and seamounts in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, specifically around Loihi Seamount.[1]

In August 2002, Pisces V and her sister Pisces IV discovered a World War II Japanese midget submarine outside of Pearl Harbor which had been sunk by the destroyer USS Ward in the first American shots fired in World War II. In 2011, marine scientists from HURL celebrated the 1,000th dive of Pisces V.[2]

Uses

Pisces V’s manipulator arm taking a sample of the "cauldron sponge".

The advantage of having two is that it allows preparation for an emergency. While one of the submersibleducting its dive, the other remains at readiness should there be an emergency, needing to be boarded on ship and hurried to the site of the problem. Such an emergency could include the submersible becoming tangled in fishing nets or entrapped in rocks or debris on the ocean floor. In such cases, the second h to the rescue. There are also research exwhere it is advantageous to use the two vessels together.[1]

In August 2002, Pisces V and her sister vessel Pisces IV discovered a Japanese midget submarine; sunk on December 7, 1941 by the destroyer USS Ward in the first American shots fired in World War II, the submarine was hit by a 4"/50 caliber gun shot and depth charged shortly before the attack on Pearl Harbor began. The submarine was found in 400 m of water about five miles off the mouth of Pearl Harbor.[3][4] This was the culmination of a 61-year search for the vessel and has been called "the most significant modern marine archeological find ever in the Pacific, second only to the finding of the Titanic in the Atlantic".[3] In 2003, Pisces V visited the Japanese midget submarine it had found in Pearl Harbor the year before. The U.S. State Department worked in conjunction with the Japanese Foreign Ministry to determine Japanese wishes regarding the fate of the midget submarine.[5] The submersibles are used by HURL as teaching devices. In 2008, two members of the Tampa Bay Chapter of SCUBAnauts were invited to team with HURL and to visit the historic wreck of the Japanese submarine. One SCUBAnaut said as he stepped on the Pisces V that "it looked and felt as if I were in a space shuttle preparing for lift-off".[6] A mock-up of the control panel of the Pisces V can be visited by the public at the Mokupāpapa Discovery Center in Hilo, Hawaii.[7]

On March 5, 2009, scientists discovered seven new species of bamboo coral, six of which may be of a new genera, an extraordinary finding in a genera so broad. They were able to find these specimens through the use of the Pisces V which allowed them to reach depths beyond those attained by scuba divers.[8][9] They also discovered a giant sponge approximately three feet tall and three feet wide that scientists named the "cauldron sponge".[10]

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shackelford, Rachel. "NOAA Ocean Explorer: Pisces IV and V". oceanexplorer.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2009-05-08. 
  2. ↑ "Students nationwide virtually participate in Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory’s 1,000th Pisces submersible dive". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2011-04-05. Retrieved 2011-04-10. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Japanese Midget Submarine". www.soest.hawaii.edu. Retrieved 2009-09-13. 
  4. ↑ "Ward". Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Navy Department, Naval History & Heritage Command. Retrieved 2008-05-13. 
  5. ↑ Altoon, Helen (August 24, 2003). "Exploring the Deep: UH researchers who found a mini-sub will dive around the northwest islands". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Retrieved 2009-05-08. 
  6. ↑ Christine Patrick, Fred Gorell. "NOAA Supports Young Explorers in Seafloor to Mountaintop to Outer Space Challenge". www.oar.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2009-05-08. 
  7. ↑ "Mokupāpapa: Discovery Center". Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve. Retrieved 2009-09-13. 
  8. ↑ Christine Patrick, Keeley Belva. "New Deep-Sea Coral Discovered on NOAA-Supported Mission - insciences". insciences.org. Retrieved 2009-05-08. 
  9. ↑ "Seven New Species Of Deep-sea Coral Discovered". www.sciencedaily.com. March 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-08. 
  10. ↑ "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - New Deep-Sea Coral Discovered on NOAA-Supported Mission". www.noaanews.noaa.gov. March 5, 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-11. 

Further reading

External links


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