Piperacillin/tazobactam

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Piperacillin/tazobactam
Combination of
Piperacillin Ureidopenicillin antibiotic
Tazobactam Beta-lactamase inhibitor
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a694003
Pregnancy cat. B (US)
Legal status ℞-only (US)
Routes Intravenous infusion
Identifiers
CAS number 123683-33-0 N
ATC code J01CR05
PubChem CID 9918881
ChemSpider 8094523 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL436129 YesY
 N (what is this?)  (verify)

Piperacillin/tazobactam is a combination antibiotic containing the extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic piperacillin and the β-lactamase inhibitor tazobactam. It is commercially available as e.g. Tazocin (Canada, UK, Australia and New Zealand, marketed by Pfizer) and Zosyn (U.S., by Pfizer). The combination has activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens and anaerobes, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Uses

Its main uses are in intensive care medicine (pneumonia, peritonitis), some diabetes-related foot infections, and empirical therapy in febrile neutropenia (e.g., after chemotherapy). The drug is administered intravenously every 6 or 8 hr, typically over 30 min. It may also be administered by continuous infusion over 4 hours. Prolonged infusions are thought to maximize the time serum concentrations are above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bacteria implicated in infection.

Adverse reactions

The most common adverse reaction is diarrhea (7% to 11%).[1] One study showed Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea happened in 4.9% of the patients on piperacillin/tazobactam.[2]

Trade names

Apart from Tazocin and Zosyn, the drug is marketed in various countries under names such as Brodactam, Piptaz, Maxitaz, Kilbac, Trezora, and Biopiper TZ.

References

  1. ↑ http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/lexicomp/piperacillin%20and%20tazobactam%20sodium.html#N18A778
  2. ↑ Yeung, EYH; Gore JG, Auersperg EV (2012). "A Retrospective Analysis of the Incidence of Clostridium Difficile Associated Diarrhea with Meropenem and Piperacillin-tazobactam". International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health 4 (8): 1567–1576. 


External links

Antibacterials: cell envelope antibiotics (J01C-J01D)
Intracellular
  • inhibit peptidoglycan subunit synthesis and transport: NAM synthesis inhibition (Fosfomycin)
  • DADAL/AR inhibitors (Cycloserine)
  • bactoprenol inhibitors (Bacitracin)
Glycopeptide
  • inhibit PG chain elongation: Vancomycin# (Oritavancin
  • Telavancin)
  • Teicoplanin (Dalbavancin)
  • Ramoplanin
β-lactams/
(inhibit PBP
cross-links)
Penicillins
(penams)
Extended sp.
  • aminopenicillins: Amoxicillin#
  • Ampicillin# (Pivampicillin
  • Hetacillin
  • Bacampicillin
  • Metampicillin
  • Talampicillin)
  • Epicillin
  • carboxypenicillins: Carbenicillin (Carindacillin)
  • Ticarcillin
  • Temocillin
  • ureidopenicillins: Azlocillin
  • Piperacillin
  • Mezlocillin
  • other: Mecillinam (Pivmecillinam)
  • Sulbenicillin
Narrow sp.
β-lactamase sensitive
  • Benzylpenicillin (G)#: Clometocillin
  • Benzathine benzylpenicillin#
  • Procaine benzylpenicillin#
  • Azidocillin
  • Penamecillin
  • Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)#: Propicillin
  • Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin
  • Pheneticillin
β-lactamase resistant
  • Cloxacillin# (Dicloxacillin
  • Flucloxacillin)
  • Oxacillin
  • Meticillin
  • Nafcillin
Penems
  • Faropenem
Carbapenems
  • Biapenem
  • Ertapenem
  • antipseudomonal (Doripenem
  • Imipenem
  • Meropenem)
  • Panipenem
Cephalosporins/Cephamycins
(cephems)
1st (PEcK)
  • Cefazolin#
  • Cefacetrile
  • Cefadroxil
  • Cefalexin
  • Cefaloglycin
  • Cefalonium
  • Cefaloridine
  • Cefalotin
  • Cefapirin
  • Cefatrizine
  • Cefazedone
  • Cefazaflur
  • Cefradine
  • Cefroxadine
  • Ceftezole
2nd (HEN)
  • Cefaclor
  • Cefamandole
  • Cefminox
  • Cefonicid
  • Ceforanide
  • Cefotiam
  • Cefprozil
  • Cefbuperazone
  • Cefuroxime
  • Cefuzonam
  • cephamycin (Cefoxitin
  • Cefotetan
  • Cefmetazole)
  • carbacephem (Loracarbef)
3rd
  • Cefixime#
  • Ceftriaxone#
  • antipseudomonal (Ceftazidime#
  • Cefoperazone)
  • Cefcapene
  • Cefdaloxime
  • Cefdinir
  • Cefditoren
  • Cefetamet
  • Cefmenoxime
  • Cefodizime
  • Cefotaxime
  • Cefpimizole
  • Cefpiramide
  • Cefpodoxime
  • Cefsulodin
  • Cefteram
  • Ceftibuten
  • Ceftiolene
  • Ceftizoxime
  • oxacephem (Flomoxef
  • Latamoxef ‡)
4th (antips-)
  • Cefepime
  • Cefozopran
  • Cefpirome
  • Cefquinome
5th
  • Ceftobiprole
  • Ceftaroline fosamil
Veterinary
  • Ceftiofur
  • Cefquinome
  • Cefovecin
Monobactams
  • Aztreonam
  • Tigemonam
  • Carumonam
  • Nocardicin A
β-lactamase inh.
  • penam (Sulbactam
  • Tazobactam)
  • clavam (Clavulanic acid)
Combinations
  • Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid#
  • Imipenem/cilastatin#
  • Ampicillin/flucloxacillin
  • Ampicillin/sulbactam (Sultamicillin)
  • Piperacillin/tazobactam
Other
  • polymyxins/detergent (Colistin
  • Polymyxin B)
  • depolarizing (Daptomycin)
  • hydrolyze NAM-NAG (Lysozyme)
  • Gramicidin
  • Isoniazid
  • #WHO-EM
  • ‡Withdrawn from market
  • Clinical trials:
    • †Phase III
    • §Never to phase III

M: BAC

bact (clas)

gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o

drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)

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