Phyllocladus toatoa

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Phyllocladus toatoa
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Podocarpaceae
Genus: Phyllocladus
Species: P. toatoa
Binomial name
Phyllocladus toatoa
Molloy

Phyllocladus toatoa is a species of conifer in the Podocarpaceae family. Formerly referred to as P. glaucus.[1] It is found only in New Zealand.

Common Names

Toatoa (Maori)[2] 
Blue Celery Pine[3]

Botanical Description

Phylloclaudus toatoa is a small dioecious or monoecious, conical or bushy tree that grows to be 15 meters in height and 60 cm in diameter at maturity on average.[4] P. toatoa outer bark ranges in color from dark brown to a silvery-brown.[5] Phyllocladus toatoa is distinguishable from other species in the Phyllocladus genus due to its whorled pinnate phylooclades with diamond shaped segments.[6] Attached to whorled branches are cladodes.[7] Phyllocladus toatoa flowers between October and December leading to a fruiting stage between January and March.[8] The fruit produced by Blue Celery Pine is a nut sitting in a cup shaped envelope.[9] Each fruit contains 3-4 3 mm square shaped seeds which are black at maturity.[10] Cultivated mature plants flower annually.[11] Cultivated mature plants flower annually. The species is wind pollinated by male cones which produce large quantities of pollen.[12] Mature seeds are dispersed from the cone through swelling of the cone bracts ejecting the seeds to the ground.[13] Distribution is limited resulting in many seeds landing on the ground under the female tree.[14] Establishment of the species over a large area indicates that P. toatoa is dispersed by wind and birds.[15] P. toatoa is difficult to propagate and is relatively slow growing.[16]

Range and Habitat

Common to New Zealand it can be found in lowlands and montane forests including the central North Island and northwards.[17] It is considered to be well protected and not considered threatened.[18] Due to Blue Celery Pine’s tolerance of infertile soils it can be found on exposed ridges, around bog margins, and other poorly drained land in New Zealand.[19] The preferred habitat is that of a temperate climate with well drained, moist soil where roots are partially shaded and foliage is exposed to sun.[20]

References

  1. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  2. ↑ Earle, Christopher J. "Phyllocladus toatoa Molloy 1996". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  3. ↑ Earle, Christopher J. "Phyllocladus toatoa Molloy 1996". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  4. ↑ Earle, Christopher J. "Phyllocladus toatoa Molloy 1996". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  5. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  6. ↑ Earle, Christopher J. "Phyllocladus toatoa Molloy 1996". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  7. ↑ "Phyllocladaceae". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  8. ↑ "NZ Plant Conservation Network". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  9. ↑ "Phyllocladaceae". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  10. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  11. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  12. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  13. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  14. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  15. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  16. ↑ "Non-Flowering seed plants: Native conifers". Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  17. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  18. ↑ Molloy, B. P. J. (31 January 2012). "A new species name in Phyllocladus". New Zealand Journal of Botany 34 (3): 287–297. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1996.10410695. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  19. ↑ "Takana Native Trees". Takana Nursery. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 
  20. ↑ "NZ Plant Conservation Network". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 21 March 2012. 


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