Philippine National Police
| Philippine National Police Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas | |
| Abbreviation | PNP |
 | |
| Coat of Arms of the Philippine National Police | |
| Motto | "To Serve and to Protect" |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | January 29, 1991 |
| Preceding agencies | |
| Legal personality | Governmental: Government agency |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| National agency | Philippines |
| General nature |
|
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | Camp Crame, Quezon City |
| Agency executive | Alan L.M. Purísima, Police Director General |
| Parent agency | Department of Interior and Local Government via National Police Commission |
| Website | |
| www.pnp.gov.ph | |
The Philippine National Police (Filipino: Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas and abbreviated as PNP) is the civilian national police force of the Philippines.
The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991 when the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975, or the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990.[1] It is part of the Department of the Interior and Local Government. Its national headquarters is at Camp Crame in Quezon City, Metro Manila, and it has 140,000 personnel.
It is administered and controlled by the National Police Commission.
History
Passed on December 13, 1990, the Republic Act No. 6975, the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990, ended the existence of the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police and gave way to the creation of the Philippine National Police. R.A. 6975 was further amended by RA 8551, the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, and by RA 9708. The R.A. 8551 envisioned the PNP to be a community and service oriented Agency.
Organization
The PNP has the following branches included the following organizations"[2]
- Philippine National Police Aviation Security Command
- Special Weapons and Tactics
- Special Action Force
- Program Management Office
- PNP Maritime Group
- PNP Intelligence Group
- PNP Regional Public Safety Battalion
Criminal Investigation and Detection Group
The Criminal Investigation and Detection Group is a unit of the PNP that investigates major crime of a national scope, espescially those crimes committed by national criminal organizations
Internal Affairs Service
The PNP created a national Internal Affairs Service (IAS) on June 1, 1999. It is an organization within the structure of the PNP and one of its tasks is to help the Chief institute reforms to improve the image of the police force through assessment, analysis and evaluation of the character and behavior of the PNP personnel. It is headed by the Inspector General.
Philippine National Police Academy
The Philippine National Police Academy is located at Camp Gen. Mariano N. Castaneda, Silang, Cavite and is the premier training academy for the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Jail Management & Penology and Bureau of Fire Protection.
National Operations Center (NOC)
The National Operations Center (NOC) is at Camp Crame. Chief Superintendent Constante Azares Jr., chief of the PNP-NOC, explained that "the NOC is the hub and nervethis facility."[3]
Officers
Recruitment and training
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The PNP conducts regular recruitment programs, depending on the annual budget. The entry level for non-commissioned officers is the rank of Police Officer 1 or PO1. The new recruits will undergo Public Safety Basic Recruit Course for six months, and a Field Training Program for another six months. Prior for their actual duty, they are required to undergo the mandatory special training of PNP SCOUT or PNP Special Counter-insurgency Unit Training course for 45 days to 5 months to enhance them in militaristic/tactics for future assignment in the field whether in the Striking Force or in the Police Station.
Commissioned officers for the Philippine National Police are from the Philippine National Police Academy as well as through "lateral entry" for specialized disciplines and requirements such as criminologists in line-officers, lawyers, doctors, engineers, nurse, chaplain and other technical positions and also the rose-from-the-rank personnel who have reached the qualifications to be a commissioned officer.
Ranks of the Philippine National Police
Pursuant to Republic Act No. 6975, the following is a list of ranks used in the Philippine National Police:[4]
- Director General (DG)
- Deputy Director General (DDG)
- Director (Dir.)
- Chief Superintendent (C/Supt.)
- Senior Superintendent (S/Supt.)
- Superintendent (Sup.)
- Chief Inspector (C/Insp.)
- Senior Inspector (S/Insp.)
- Inspector (Insp.)
- Senior Police Officer IV (SPO IV)
- Senior Police Officer III (SPO III)
- Senior Police Officer II (SPO II)
- Senior Police Officer I (SPO I)
- Police Officer III (PO III)
- Police Officer II (PO II)
- Police Officer I (PO I)
Controversies
Manila blackmail incident
A blackmail case occurred in Binondo Manila when police officers abducted and blackmailed 7 Chinese citizens suspected of drug trafficking on December 30, 1998.[5] After many months of detainment and torture, two Hong Kong citizens were killed off when the ransom money was not met.[6] One police superintendent who knew of the operation was also killed.[5]
Euro Generals scandal
The Euro Generals scandal involves Eliseo de la Paz and several Philippine National Police officials who went to Russia on October 2008 to attend the Interpol conference. De la Paz was detained for carrying a large sum of undeclared money. A House panel investigating the scandal concluded that the six police officials who attended the conference had made the trip illegally.[7] In 2010, the Office of the Ombudsman filed graft charges against twelve former and active ranking PNP officials for their alleged involvement in the incident.[8][9]
Parañaque shootout
On December 5, 2008, ten suspected criminals, one policeman, and five civilians, a total of sixteen people, including a seven year old girl, were killed in a bloody shootout in Parañaque. Several others were wounded, including a ranking officer of the Highway Patrol Group, two members of the Special Action Force, a village watchman, and a security guard, said Director Leopoldo Bataoil, head of the Metro Manila regional police.[10] The head of the Internal Affairs Service of the PNP said, "We failed in our mission to protect the civilians. [Because] during the conduct of operation [many civilian lives were lost],"[11] On July 29, 2009, it was reported that the Department of Justice (DOJ) had filed multiple murder charges against 29 policemen, including three generals, in connection with the shootout following the filing of a complaint-affidavit by Lilian de Vera, who lost her husband and daughter 7, in the incident.[12] On January 11, 2010, the Commission on Human Rights recommended the filing of criminal and administrative charges against 26 policemen[13] In March, it was reported that after two witnesses had said De Vera and his daughter were not killed in the shootout,that policemen already had complete control of the area where the two were killed, the Department of Justice filed two counts of murder charges against 25 policemen for the killings.[14]
Binayug torture case
Inspector Joselito Binayug, chief of the Asuncion police community precinct in Tondo arrested Darius Evangelista on March 5, 2009 for alleged robbery. A torture video was leaked to the media and shown on television showing a police officer whipping and cursing the suspect and pulling on a rope that was tied to the victim’s genitals. The incident allegedly happened inside the Asuncion police precinct in Tondo. Binayug was arrested for violating the Anti-Torture act of 2009. Separate charges were filed for Evangelista being tortured to death.[15][16]
Maguindanao massacre
On November 24, 2009, Senior Superintendent Abusana Maguid, the police chief of Maguindanao province, was reported to have been relieved of his duties after witnesses reported seeing three of his officers at the scene of the Maguindanao massacre in which 57 people, including journalists, lawyers, aides, and motorists who were witnesses were killed.[17] On November 25 Maguid and Chief Inspector Sukarno Dikay were reported to have been relieved from post and placed under restrictive custody.[18] On November 26, Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) Secretary Ronaldo Puno announced that Maguid, Dikay, and others were suspected of involvement in the massacre.[19] On December 19, Maguid, Dikay, and others were reported to have been recommended for summary dismissal by the PNP high command.[20] On April 16, 2010, the National Police Commission ordered a 90-day suspension against Maguid, Dikay, and 60 other police personnel for their possible involvement in the killings.[21] On July 10, it was reported that Dikay had applied to become state witness, saying that he is confident that his testimony will pin down the masterminds of the killing.[22]
Failed hostage rescue operation
The Philippine National Police conceded that in the 2010 Manila hostage crisis they made blunders in ending a bus hijacking, as outrage grew over the bloody assault played out on live television that left eight Hong Kong tourists dead. The Hong Kong Economic Journal was reported to have accused the PNP of having an "appalling professional standards" and "...[a] lack of strategic planning".[23]
"Wheel of Torture" secret detention facility
The Philippine Commission on Human Rights filed charges against ten (10) police officers after it was discovered that they routinely tortured detainees inside a secret detention facility in Biñan, Laguna. The facility was maintained by the PNP Provincial Intelligence Branch (PIB) to extract confessions or information from detainees, or to extort money from them in exchange for being charged with lighter offenses or the dropping of the charges altogether. It was also alleged that some "were tortured for the police officers’ amusement" when they're intoxicated. The facility is notorious for utilizing a roulette called the "Wheel of Torture", a modified version of the "Wheel of Fortune", where various torture methods were printed. The wheel is rotated and wherever the pin stops, the indicated torture method is perpetrated on the detainee.[24][25]
The torture methods included, a 20-second Manny Pacman punch, named after the famous boxer Manny Pacquiao, where the detainee is beaten for 20 seconds; "Paniki" which means being hung like a bat; "Tusok ulo ka" which means being pierced through the head; "Zombies" which means being electrocuted; and other degrading tasks like "duck walk" and "ferris wheel".[25][26]
List of chiefs
| # | Name | Term of Office | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | PDG.Cesar P Nazareno [27] | March 31, 1991 | August 28, 1992 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2 | PDG.Raul S Imperial (PC)[27] | August 28, 1992 | May 6, 1993 | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | PDG.Umberto Rodriguez[27] | May 6, 1993 | July 8, 1994 | |||||||||||||||||
| 4 | PDG.Recaredo Arevalo Sarmiento,II Phd(PC[27] | July 8, 1994 | 1997 | |||||||||||||||||
| 5 | PDG.Santiago L. Aliño[28] | 1997 | 1998 | |||||||||||||||||
| 6 | PDG.Roberto T. Lastimoso[28] | 1998 | 1999 | |||||||||||||||||
| 7 | PDG.Edmundo L. Larozza[28] | 1999 (acting) | 1999 | |||||||||||||||||
| 8 | PDG.Panfilo M. Lacson MGM(PC)[28] | November 1999 | January 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
| 9 | PDG/ENGR.MEDARDO P BARBASA( OJT)[28] | March 16, 2001 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
| 10 | Engr.Hermogenes E. Ebdane, Jr Phd(PC)[29] | July 2002 | August 23, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||
| 11 | PDG.Edgar B Aglipay[29][30] | August 23, 2004 | March 6, 2005 | |||||||||||||||||
| 12 | PDG.Arturo Lomibao[30][31] | March 13, 2005 | August 29, 2006 | |||||||||||||||||
| 13 | PDG.Oscar C Calderon[31][32] | August 29, 2006 | October 1, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
| 14 | PDG.Avelino I Razon Jr(PC)[32] | October 1, 2007 | September 27, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
| 15 | PDG.Jesus A Versosa (PC)[33] | September 27, 2008 | September 14, 2010 | |||||||||||||||||
| 16 | Atty.Raul Macalalad Bacalzo (Phd) | September 14, 2010 | September 8, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||
| 17 | DR.Nicanor Ancheta Bartolome (Phd) | September 8, 2011 | December 17, 2012 | |||||||||||||||||
| 18 | PDG.Alan La Madrid Purisima | December 17, 2012 | Present | |||||||||||||||||
| 19
PDG/ENGR.FRANCIS Z CUENTO(OJT) DECEMBER 18, 2013 END TERM FEBRUARY 04,2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 20
PDG.ENRICO D,LIMLENGCO JR(OJT) FEBRUARY 04,2014 PRESENT See also
References
External links
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