Pharyngeal muscles

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Pharyngeal muscles

Muscles of the pharynx and cheek

Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the associated vessels and nerves
Latin	musculi pharyngis; tunica muscularis pharyngis
Gray's	p.1143
Origin
Insertion
Artery
Nerve	receives motor innervation by Vagus nerve (CN X) Lymph =
Actions

The pharyngeal muscles are a group of muscles that act upon the pharynx. Pharyngeal muscles contracts pushing the food into the esophagus. They include:

Inferior constrictor muscle
Middle constrictor muscle
Superior constrictor muscle
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Salpingopharyngeus muscle
Palatopharyngeus muscle

They are innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the Vagus nerve (CN X) with the exception of the stylopharyngeus muscle which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).

List of muscles of head and neck: the neck (TA A04.2, GA 4.387)

Cervical

CN VII (superficial, PC): platysma
CN XI (deep): sternocleidomastoid

C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: longus (capitis, colli)

C3–C8 (lateral): scalene (anterior, medius, posterior)

Suboccipital

C1: rectus capitis posterior (major, minor) · obliquus capitis (inferior, superior)

C1–C6 (anterior): Prevertebral muscles: rectus capitis (anterior, lateralis)

Suprahyoid

CN V3 (medial): mylohyoid · anterior belly of digastric

CN VII (lateral): stylohyoid · posterior belly of digastric

C1 (deep): geniohyoid

Infrahyoid/strap

C1: thyrohyoid
C1–C3: sternohyoid · sternothyroid · omohyoid

Fasciae

Deep cervical fascia (Pretracheal fascia, Prevertebral fascia, Investing layer) · Carotid sheath · Alar fascia

pharynx: Buccopharyngeal fascia · Pharyngobasilar fascia

Palatine aponeurosis

Pharyngeal raphe

Pharynx

pharyngeal constrictor (superior, middle, inferior) · longitudinal (stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus)

Larynx

cricothyroid · cricoarytenoid (posterior, lateral) · arytenoid (oblique arytenoid/aryepiglottic, transverse arytenoid) · thyroarytenoid (vocal, thyroepiglottic)

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco (m, s, c)/cong (d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)

Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract, excluding mouth (TA A05.3–7, TH H3.04.02-04, GA 11.1141)

Upper GI

Hypo- pharynx	Piriform sinus spaces: Peripharyngeal space Retropharyngeal space Parapharyngeal space Retrovisceral space Retropharyngeal space Danger space Prevertebral space Pterygomandibular raphe Pharyngeal raphe Buccopharyngeal fascia Pharyngobasilar fascia Pharyngeal muscles

Esophagus	UES LES Esophageal glands Serosa / Adventitia Muscular layer Submucosa Mucosa Muscularis mucosa

Stomach	by region: Greater curvature Lesser curvature Angular incisure Cardia Body Fundus Pylorus antrum canal sphincter by layer: Serosa Muscular layer Submucosa Gastric mucosa Muscularis mucosa Gastric rugae Gastric pits Gastric gland Cardiac glands Fundic glands Pyloric glands Goblet cell

Lower GI

Intestine: small

Layers	Serosa Subserosa Muscular layer Circular folds Submucosa Mucosa Muscularis mucosa Peyer's patches Intestinal villus Intestinal gland

Duodenum	Suspensory muscle Major duodenal papilla Minor duodenal papilla Duodenal cap Duodenojejunal flexure Brunner's glands

Jejunum	no substructures

Ileum	Terminal ileum Ileocecal valve

Intestine: large

Layers	Serosa Subserosa Muscular layer Submucosa Mucosa

Cecum	Vermiform appendix

Colon	ascending colon hepatic flexure transverse colon splenic flexure descending colon sigmoid colon continuous taenia coli haustra epiploic appendix

Rectum	Transverse folds of rectum Rectal ampulla

Anal canal	Anal columns Anal valves Anal sinuses Pectinate line Sphincter ani internus muscle Intersphincteric groove Sphincter ani externus muscle Anus

M: DIG

anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

proc, drug (A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte

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