Perserschutt
The Perserschutt, a German term meaning "Persian debris", or "Persian rubble", refers to the bulk of architectural and votive sculptures that were damaged by the invading Persian army on the Acropolis of Athens in 480 BC.
The Athenians had fled the city, returning only upon the departure of the Persians. The city had been sacked and burned and most of the sacred temples had been looted, vandalized, or razed. The desecrated items were buried ceremoniously by the Athenians. Later, the citizens of Athens cleared the top of their acropolis, rebuilt their sacred temples, and created new works of sculpture to be dedicated for the new temples.
The remains were preserved by the respectful action and sculptures from the burial were first excavated in 1863–1866 by the French archaeologist Charles Ernest Beulé. The remainder was discovered in 1885–1890 by archaeologist Panagiotis Kavvadias and architects Wilhelm Dörpfeld and Georg Kawerau. They include such celebrated sculptures as the Kritios Boy, the Calf Bearer, and the aegis-clad Athena (photograph, right).
Details of the excavations were published in 1906 (see references: Kavvadias, P., Kawerau, G.).
References
- Panagiotis Kavvadias, Georg Kawerau: Die Ausgrabung der Akropolis vom Jahre 1885 bis zum Jahre 1890, Athens, 1906
- Jens Andreas Bundgaard: The Excavation of the Athenian Acropolis 1882-1990. The Original Drawings edited from the papers of Georg Kawerau, Copenhagen, 1974
- Astrid Lindenlauf: Der Perserschutt auf der Athener Akropolis (Wolfram Hoepfner: Kult und Kultbauten auf der Akropolis, International Symposium, 7-9 July 1995, Berlin) Berlin, 1997, pp. 45–115
- Martin Steskal: Der Zerstörungsbefund 480/79 der Athener Akropolis. Eine Fallstudie zum etablierten Chronologiegerüst, Antiquitates – Archäologische Forschungsergebnisse, Bd. 30. Verlag Dr. Kovač, Hamburg, 2004, ISBN 978-3-8300-1385-3
See also
- the Archaic Acropolis
- Kritios Boy
- Moscophoros
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