List of periodic comets

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Periodic comets are comets having orbital periods of less than 200 years (also known as "short-period comets") or which have been observed during more than a single perihelion passage^[1] (e.g. 153P/Ikeya–Zhang). ("Periodic comet" is also sometimes used to mean any comet with a periodic orbit, even if greater than 200 years.)

Periodic comets receive a permanent number prefix usually after the second perihelion passage, which is why there are a number of unnumbered periodic comets, such as P/2005 T5 (Broughton).

In nearly all cases, comets are named after their discoverer(s), but in a few cases such as 2P/Encke and 27P/Crommelin they were named for a person who calculated their orbits (the orbit computers). The long-term orbits of comets are difficult to calculate because of errors in the known trajectory that accumulate with perturbations from the planets, and in the days before electronic computers some people dedicated their entire careers to this. Even so, quite a few comets were lost because their orbits are also affected by non-gravitational effects such as the release of gas and other material that forms the comet's coma and tail. Unlike a long-period comet, the next perihelion passage of a numbered periodic comet can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy.

Periodic comets sometimes bear the same name repeatedly (e.g. the nine Shoemaker–Levy comets or the twenty-four NEAT comets); the IAU system distinguishes between them either through the number prefix or by the full designation (e. g. 181P and 192P are both "Comet Shoemaker–Levy"). In the literature, an informal numbering system is applied to periodic comets (skipping the non-periodic ones), thus 181P and 192P are known as Comet Shoemaker–Levy 6 and Comet Shoemaker–Levy 1, respectively. Non-periodic Shoemaker–Levy comets are interleaved in this sequence: C/1991 B1 between 2 and 3, C/1991 T2 between 5 and 6, C/1993 K1 and C/1994 E2 after Shoemaker–Levy 9.

In comet nomenclature, the letter before the "/" is either "C" (a non-periodic comet), "P" (a periodic comet), "D" (a comet which has been lost or has disintegrated), "X" (a comet for which no reliable orbit could be calculated —usually historical comets), or "A" for an object that was mistakenly identified as a comet, but is actually a minor planet.^[1]

Some lists retain the "C" prefix for comets of periods larger than about 30 years until their return is confirmed.^[2]

Numbered periodic comets

Comet	Discoverer(s) or namesake(s)	Orbital period (years)	Spacecraft encounter(s)
1P/Halley	Halley	75.32	Giotto (flyby 1986), Vega 1 (flyby 1986), Vega 2 (flyby 1986), Suisei (flyby 1986) ICE (distant flyby 1986), Sakigake (distant flyby 1986)
2P/Encke	Encke	3.30
3D/Biela	Biela
4P/Faye	Faye	7.51
5D/Brorsen	Brorsen
6P/d'Arrest	d'Arrest	6.54
7P/Pons–Winnecke	Pons & Winnecke	6.36
8P/Tuttle	Tuttle	13.61
9P/Tempel (Tempel 1)	Tempel	5.58	Deep Impact (impactor/flyby 2005), Stardust (flyby 2011)
10P/Tempel (Tempel 2)	Tempel	5.37
11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR	Tempel & Swift & LINEAR	6.37
12P/Pons–Brooks	Pons & Brooks	70.85
13P/Olbers	Olbers	69.52
14P/Wolf	Wolf	8.74
15P/Finlay	Finlay	6.50
16P/Brooks (Brooks 2)	Brooks	6.14
17P/Holmes	Holmes	6.88
18D/Perrine–Mrkos	Perrine & Mrkos
19P/Borrelly	Borrelly	6.85	Deep Space 1 (flyby 2001)
20D/Westphal	Westphal
21P/Giacobini–Zinner	Giacobini & Zinner	6.60	ICE (distant flyby 1985)
22P/Kopff	Kopff	6.43	CRAF (rendezvous/lander 2000 – cancelled)
23P/Brorsen–Metcalf	Brorsen & Metcalf	70.52
24P/Schaumasse	Schaumasse	8.25
25D/Neujmin (Neujmin 2)	Neujmin
26P/Grigg–Skjellerup	Grigg & Skjellerup	5.31	Giotto (flyby 1992)
27P/Crommelin	Crommelin	27.93
28P/Neujmin (Neujmin 1)	Neujmin	18.17
29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann (Schwassmann–Wachmann 1)	Schwassmann & Wachmann	14.69
30P/Reinmuth (Reinmuth 1)	Reinmuth	7.34
31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann (Schwassmann–Wachmann 2)	Schwassmann & Wachmann	8.75
32P/Comas Solá	Comas Solá	8.80
33P/Daniel	Daniel	8.07
34D/Gale	Gale
35P/Herschel–Rigollet	Herschel & Rigollet	155
36P/Whipple	Whipple	8.55
37P/Forbes	Forbes	6.35
38P/Stephan–Oterma	Stephan & Oterma	37.72
39P/Oterma	Oterma	19.53
40P/Väisälä (Väisälä 1)	Väisälä	10.82
41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák	Tuttle & Giacobini & Kresák	5.42
42P/Neujmin (Neujmin 3)	Neujmin	10.70
43P/Wolf–Harrington	Wolf & Harrington	6.13
44P/Reinmuth (Reinmuth 2)	Reinmuth	7.08
45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková	Honda & Mrkos & Pajdušáková	5.26
46P/Wirtanen	Wirtanen	5.44	ICE (distant flyby 2018 – proposed), CHopper (lander 2022—proposed)
47P/Ashbrook–Jackson	Ashbrook & Jackson	8.35
48P/Johnson	Johnson	6.95
49P/Arend–Rigaux	Arend & Rigaux	6.73
50P/Arend	Arend	8.25
51P/Harrington	Harrington	7.13
52P/Harrington–Abell	Harrington & Abell	7.54
53P/Van Biesbroeck	Van Biesbroeck	12.6
54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT	de Vico & Swift & NEAT	7.38
55P/Tempel–Tuttle	Tempel & Tuttle	33.24
56P/Slaughter–Burnham	Slaughter & Burnham	11.54
57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte	du Toit & Neujmin & Delporte	6.40
58P/Jackson–Neujmin	Jackson & Neujmin	8.24
59P/Kearns–Kwee	Kearns & Kwee	9.51
60P/Tsuchinshan (Tsuchinshan 2)	Tsuchinshan	6.56
61P/Shajn–Schaldach	Shajn & Schaldach	7.06
62P/Tsuchinshan (Tsuchinshan 1)	Tsuchinshan	6.63
63P/Wild (Wild 1)	Wild	13.25
64P/Swift–Gehrels	Swift & Gehrels	9.35
65P/Gunn	Gunn	6.88
66P/du Toit	du Toit	14.71
67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko	Churyumov & Gerasimenko	6.45	Rosetta (orbiter 2014)
68P/Klemola	Klemola	10.83
69P/Taylor	Taylor	7.65
70P/Kojima	Kojima	7.06
71P/Clark	Clark	5.53
72D/Denning–Fujikawa	Denning & Fujikawa
73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann (Schwassmann–Wachmann 3)	Schwassmann & Wachmann	5.36
74P/Smirnova–Chernykh	Smirnova & Chernykh	8.51
75D/Kohoutek	Kohoutek	~7
76P/West–Kohoutek–Ikemura	West & Kohoutek & Ikemura	6.48
77P/Longmore	Longmore	6.88
78P/Gehrels (Gehrels 2)	Gehrels	7.22
79P/du Toit–Hartley	du Toit & Hartley	5.28
80P/Peters–Hartley	Peters & Hartley	8.12
81P/Wild (Wild 2)	Wild	6.41	Stardust (flyby/sample return 2004)
82P/Gehrels (Gehrels 3)	Gehrels	8.43
83D/Russell (Russell 1)	Russell
84P/Giclas	Giclas	6.97
85P/Boethin	Boethin	11.81
86P/Wild (Wild 3)	Wild	6.91
87P/Bus	Bus	6.51
88P/Howell	Howell	5.49
89P/Russell (Russell 2)	Russell	7.26
90P/Gehrels (Gehrels 1)	Gehrels	14.85
91P/Russell (Russell 3)	Russell	7.67
92P/Sanguin	Sanguin	12.43
93P/Lovas (Lovas 1)	Lovas	9.20
94P/Russell (Russell 4)	Russell	6.58
95P/Chiron = minor planet 2060 Chiron	Kowal	50.50
96P/Machholz (Machholz 1)	Machholz	5.28
97P/Metcalf–Brewington	Metcalf & Brewington	10.51
98P/Takamizawa	Takamizawa	7.40
99P/Kowal (Kowal 1)	Kowal	15.25
100P/Hartley (Hartley 1)	Hartley	6.35
101P/Chernykh	Chernykh	13.94
102P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 1)	C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker	7.22
103P/Hartley (Hartley 2)	Hartley	6.47	Deep Impact (flyby 2010)
104P/Kowal (Kowal 2)	Kowal	5.89
105P/Singer Brewster	Singer-Brewster	6.47
106P/Schuster	Schuster	7.31
107P/Wilson–Harrington = minor planet 4015 Wilson–Harrington	Helin & Wilson & Harrington	4.29
108P/Ciffréo	Ciffréo	7.26
109P/Swift–Tuttle	Swift & Tuttle	133.28
110P/Hartley (Hartley 3)	Hartley	6.88
111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett	Helin & Roman & Crockett	8.14
112P/Urata–Niijima	Urata & Niijima	6.67
113P/Spitaler	Spitaler	7.09
114P/Wiseman–Skiff	Wiseman & Skiff	6.67
115P/Maury	Maury	8.76
116P/Wild (Wild 4)	Wild	6.51
117P/Helin–Roman–Alu (Helin–Roman–Alu 1)	Helin & Roman & Alu	8.24
118P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 4)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	6.44
119P/Parker–Hartley	Parker & Hartley	8.89
120P/Mueller (Mueller 1)	Mueller	8.43
121P/Shoemaker–Holt (Shoemaker–Holt 2)	C.Shoemaker, E.Shoemaker & Holt	8.02
122P/de Vico	de Vico	74.35
123P/West–Hartley	West & Hartley	7.59
124P/Mrkos	Mrkos	5.75
125P/Spacewatch	Spacewatch	5.53
126P/IRAS	IRAS	13.41
127P/Holt–Olmstead	Holt & Olmstead	6.41
128P/Shoemaker–Holt (Shoemaker–Holt 1)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Holt	9.59
129P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 3)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	8.89
130P/McNaught–Hughes	McNaught & Hughes	6.66
131P/Mueller (Mueller 2)	Mueller	7.08
132P/Helin–Roman–Alu (Helin–Roman–Alu 2)	Helin & Roman & Alu	8.28
133P/Elst–Pizarro = minor planet 7968 Elst–Pizarro	Elst & Pizarro	5.62
134P/Kowal–Vávrová	Kowal & Vávrová	15.6
135P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 8)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	7.50
136P/Mueller (Mueller 3)	Mueller	8.62
137P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 2)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	9.55
138P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 7)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	6.91
139P/Väisälä–Oterma	Väisälä & Oterma	9.61
140P/Bowell–Skiff	Bowell & Skiff	16.18
141P/Machholz (Machholz 2)	Machholz	5.23
142P/Ge–Wang	Ge & Wang	11.09
143P/Kowal–Mrkos	Kowal & Mrkos	8.93
144P/Kushida	Kushida	7.57
145P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 5)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	8.66
146P/Shoemaker–LINEAR	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & LINEAR	8.12
147P/Kushida–Muramatsu	Kushida & Muramatsu	7.41
148P/Anderson–LINEAR	Anderson & LINEAR	7.07
149P/Mueller (Mueller 4)	Mueller	9.02
150P/LONEOS	LONEOS	7.66
151P/Helin	Helin	14.10
152P/Helin–Lawrence	Helin & Lawrence	9.54
153P/Ikeya–Zhang	Ikeya & Zhang	366.5
154P/Brewington	Brewington	10.66
155P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 3)	C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker	17.09
156P/Russell–LINEAR	Russell & LINEAR	6.84
157P/Tritton	Tritton	6.29
158P/Kowal–LINEAR	Kowal & LINEAR	10.26
159P/LONEOS	LONEOS	14.32
160P/LINEAR	LINEAR	7.95
161P/Hartley–IRAS	Hartley & IRAS	21.43
162P/Siding Spring	Siding Spring	5.32
163P/NEAT	NEAT	7.30
164P/Christensen	Christensen	6.97
165P/LINEAR	LINEAR	76.7
166P/NEAT	NEAT	51.73
167P/CINEOS	CINEOS	64.85
168P/Hergenrother	Hergenrother	6.89
169P/NEAT	NEAT	4.20
170P/Christensen	Christensen	8.63
171P/Spahr	Spahr	6.70
172P/Yeung	Yeung	6.59
173P/Mueller (Mueller 5)	Mueller	13.63
174P/Echeclus = minor planet 60558 Echeclus	Spacewatch	35.02
175P/Hergenrother	Hergenrother	6.34
176P/LINEAR = minor planet 118401 LINEAR	LINEAR	5.71
177P/Barnard (Barnard 2)	Barnard	119.67
178P/Hug–Bell	Hug & Bell	7.06
179P/Jedicke	Jedicke	14.31
180P/NEAT	NEAT	7.54
181P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 6)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	7.53
182P/LONEOS	LONEOS	5.02
183P/Korlevic–Juric	Korlevic & Juric	9.58
184P/Lovas (Lovas 2)	Lovas	6.62
185P/Petriew	Petriew	5.47
186P/Garradd	Garradd	10.62
187P/LINEAR	LINEAR	9.40
188P/LINEAR–Mueller	LINEAR & Mueller	9.13
189P/NEAT	NEAT	4.99
190P/Mueller	Mueller	8.74
191P/McNaught	McNaught	6.64
192P/Shoemaker–Levy (Shoemaker–Levy 1)	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy	17.29
193P/LINEAR–NEAT	LINEAR & NEAT	6.56
194P/LINEAR	LINEAR	8.00
195P/Hill	Hill	16.49
196P/Tichý	Tichý ^{IAUC 8917}	7.36
197P/LINEAR	LINEAR ^{IAUC 8924}	4.85
198P/ODAS	OCA-DLR Asteroid Survey (ODAS)^{, IAUC 8929}	6.78
199P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 4)	C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker ^{CBET 1347}	14.53
200P/Larsen	Larsen	10.92
201P/LONEOS	LONEOS	6.47
202P/Scotti	Scotti	7.32
203P/Korlevic	Korlevic ^{IAUC 8974}	10.01
204P/LINEAR–NEAT	LINEAR & NEAT ^{IAUC 8974}	7.00
205P/Giacobini	Giacobini (previously thought lost and designated D/1896 R2) ^{IAUC 8975}	6.66
206P/Barnard–Boattini	Barnard & Boattini [previously thought lost and designated D/1892 T1 (Barnard 3)] ^{IAUC 8995}	5.81
207P/NEAT	NEAT ^{IAUC 8996}	7.63
208P/McMillan	McMillan ^{IAUC 8997, IAUC 9000}	8.16
209P/LINEAR	LINEAR ^{IAUC 9002}	5.04
210P/Christensen	Christensen ^{IAUC 9005}	5.71
211P/Hill	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey) ^{IAUC 9001}	6.71
212P/NEAT	NEAT ^{IAUC 9010}	7.78
213P/Van Ness	Van Ness ^{IAUC 9017}	6.34
214P/LINEAR	LINEAR ^{IAUC 9017}	6.84
215P/NEAT	NEAT ^{IAUC 9018}	8.07
216P/LINEAR	LINEAR ^{IAUC 9021}	7.63
217P/LINEAR	LINEAR	7.83
218P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.11
219P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.98
220P/McNaught	McNaught	5.50
221P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.50
222P/LINEAR	LINEAR	4.83
223P/Skiff	Skiff	8.42
224P/LINEAR–NEAT	LINEAR & NEAT	6.30
225P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.99
226P/Pigott–LINEAR–Kowalski	Pigott & LINEAR & Kowalski	7.32
227P/Catalina–LINEAR	Catalina Sky Survey & LINEAR	6.79
228P/LINEAR	LINEAR	8.49
229P/Gibbs	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)	7.78
230P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.27
231P/LINEAR–NEAT	LINEAR & NEAT	8.08
232P/Hill	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)	9.49
233P/La Sagra	La Sagra Sky Survey	5.29
234P/LINEAR	LINEAR	7.47
235P/LINEAR	LINEAR	8.00
236P/LINEAR	LINEAR	7.20
237P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.57
238P/Read	Read (Spacewatch)	5.63
239P/LINEAR	LINEAR	9.43
240P/NEAT	NEAT	7.60
241P/LINEAR	LINEAR	10.79
242P/Spahr	Spahr	13.20
243P/NEAT	NEAT	7.52
244P/Scotti	Scotti	10.8
245P/WISE	WISE	8.03
246P/NEAT	NEAT	8.06
247P/LINEAR	LINEAR	7.98
248P/Gibbs	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)	14.63
249P/LINEAR	LINEAR	4.63
250P/Larson	Larson (Catalina Sky Survey)	7.20
251P/LINEAR	LINEAR	6.52
252P/LINEAR	LINEAR	5.32
253P/PANSTARRS	Pan-STARRS	6.47
254P/McNaught	McNaught	10.09
255P/Levy	Levy	5.29
256P/LINEAR	LINEAR	9.96
257P/Catalina	Catalina Sky Survey	7.27
258P/PANSTARRS	Pan-STARRS	9.22
259P/Garradd	Garradd	4.50
260P/McNaught	McNaught	7.07
261P/Larson	Larson (Mount Lemmon Survey)	6.80
262P/McNaught–Russell	McNaught & Russell	18.3
263P/Gibbs	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)	5.36
264P/Larsen	Larsen	7.68
265P/LINEAR	LINEAR	8.77
266P/Christensen	Christensen	6.63
267P/LONEOS	LONEOS	5.96
268P/Bernardi	Bernardi	9.76
269P/Jedicke	V. Jedicke & R. Jedicke^[3]	19.55
270P/Gehrels	Gehrels	17.82
271P/van Houten–Lemmon	C. van Houten & I. van Houten-Groeneveld^[4] & Mount Lemmon Survey	18.42
272P/NEAT	NEAT	9.36
273P/Pons–Gambart	Pons & Gambart	188
274P/Tombaugh–Tenagra	Tombaugh & Tenagra II Observatory	9.12
275P/Hermann	Hermann	13.79
276P/Vorobjov	Vorobjov	12.5
277P/LINEAR	LINEAR	7.59
278P/McNaught	McNaught	7.12
279P/La Sagra	La Sagra Sky Survey	6.78
280P/Larsen	Larsen	9.63
281P/MOSS	Morocco Oukaimeden Sky Survey (MOSS)	10.69
282P		8.76
283P/Spacewatch	Spacewatch	8.40
284P/McNaught	McNaught	7.04
285P/LINEAR	LINEAR	9.52
286P/Christensen	Christensen	8.37
287P/Christensen	Christensen	8.54
288P/Spacewatch = minor planet (300163) 2006 VW₁₃₉	Spacewatch	5.32
289P/Blanpain	Blanpain	5.33
290P/Jäger	Jäger	15.2
291P/NEAT	NEAT	9.71
292P/Li	Li	15.1
293P/Spacewatch	Spacewatch	6.94
294P/LINEAR	LINEAR	5.74
295P/LINEAR	LINEAR	12.3
296P/Garradd	Garradd	6.55

Unnumbered periodic comets

Comet	Discoverer(s) or Namesake
P/2011 N1 (ASH)	de la Cueva, Ortiz, Santos Sanz & Morales
D/1884 O1 (Barnard), earlier Barnard 1	Barnard
P/2001 W2 (BATTeRS)	BATTeRS
P/2008 J2 (Beshore)	Beshore (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2008 O3 (Boattini)	Boattini (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2008 T1 (Boattini)	Boattini (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2009 B1 (Boattini)	Boattini (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 Q4 (Boattini)	Boattini (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2010 U1 (Boattini)	Boattini (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2011 V1 (Boattini)	Boattini (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2011 Y2 (Boattini)	Boattini (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/1984 A1 (Bradfield), earlier Bradfield 1	Bradfield
P/1989 A3 (Bradfield), earlier Bradfield 2	Bradfield
P/2011 U2 (Bressi)	Bressi (Spacewatch)
D/1886 K1 (Brooks), earlier Brooks 1	Brooks
P/2005 T5 (Broughton)	Broughton
P/1999 V1 (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey (Hergenrother)
P/1999 XN₁₂₀ (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2005 JQ₅ (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2005 N5 (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2007 C2 (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2007 T6 (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2007 VQ₁₁ (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2008 E1 (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2009 WX₅₁ (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2013 AL₇₆ (Catalina)	Catalina Sky Survey
P/2008 S1 (Catalina–McNaught)	Catalina Sky Survey & McNaught
P/2005 JD₁₀₈ (Catalina–NEAT)	Catalina Sky Survey & NEAT
P/2013 R3 (Catalina–PANSTARRS)	Catalina Sky Survey & PANSTARRS
P/2005 O2 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2005 T2 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2005 W2 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2006 F2 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2006 S1 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2006 S4 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2006 WY₁₈₂ (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2007 B1 (Christensen)	Christensen
P/2007 C1 (Christensen)	Christensen (Catalina Sky Survey)
D/1894 F1 (Denning)	Denning
P/1921 H1 (Dubiago)	Dubiago
P/2011 NO₁ (Elenin)	Elenin & Molotov
P/2007 R4 (Garradd)	Garradd
P/2006 U7 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2006 W1 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2007 K2 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2007 R2 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2007 R3 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2007 T4 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2008 Y2 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 K1 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2011 C2 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2011 S1 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2012 F5 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2012 K3 (Gibbs)	Gibbs (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2007 Q2 (Gilmore)	Gilmore
D/1978 R1 (Haneda–Campos)	Haneda & Campos
D/1952 B1 (Harrington–Wilson)	Harrington & Wilson
D/1766 G1 (Helfenzrieder)	Helfenzrieder
P/2006 D1 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2006 S6 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2007 V2 (Hill)	Hill (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2008 L2 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2008 T4 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 O3 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 Q1 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 W1 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2010 A1 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2010 A3 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2010 U2 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2014 A2 (Hill)	Hill (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2010 V1 (Ikeya–Murakami)	Ikeya & Murakami
P/2010 E2 (Jarnac)	Jarnac Observatory (D. Levy, W. Levy & T. Glinos)
P/1997 B1 (Kobayashi)	Kobayashi
P/2005 W3 (Kowalski)	Kowalski (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2006 F1 (Kowalski)	Kowalski (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2007 T2 (Kowalski)	Kowalski (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 Y2 (Kowalski)	Kowalski (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2011 S2 (Kowalski)	Kowalski (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2009 T2 (La Sagra)	La Sagra Sky Survey
P/2010 R2 (La Sagra)	La Sagra Sky Survey
P/2012 NJ (La Sagra)	La Sagra Sky Survey
P/2012 S2 (La Sagra)	La Sagra Sky Survey
P/1996 R2 (Lagerkvist)	Lagerkvist
P/1997 T3 (Lagerkvist–Carsenty)	Lagerkvist & Carsenty
P/2004 C1 (Larsen)	Larsen
P/2007 R1 (Larson)	Larson (Mount Lemmon Survey)
P/2007 V1 (Larson)	Larson (Catalina Sky Survey)
P/2007 S2 (Lemmon)	Mount Lemmon Survey
P/2008 CL₉₄ (Lemmon)	Mount Lemmon Survey
P/2011 VJ₅ (Lemmon)	Mount Lemmon Survey
P/2012 SB₆ (Lemmon)	Mount Lemmon Survey
P/2012 WA₃₄ (Lemmon-PANSTARRS)	Mount Lemmon Survey/PANSTARRS
P/1991 L3 (Levy)	Levy
D/1770 L1 (Lexell)	Lexell
P/1999 E1 (Li)	Li
P/1998 G1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/1998 VS₂₄ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/1998 Y1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/1999 G1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/1999 S3 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/1999 XS₈₇ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2000 G2 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2000 D2 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2000 R2 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2002 A1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2002 A2 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2002 B1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2002 CE₁₀ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2002 EJ₅₇ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2002 T5 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2003 F1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2003 O3 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2003 R1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2003 U1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2003 W1 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2004 WR₉ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2005 Q4 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2004 FY₁₄₀ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2000 QJ₄₆ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2008 R3 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2008 WZ₉₆ (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2010 A2 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2010 A5 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2010 WK (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2011 J3 (LINEAR)	LINEAR
P/2003 WC₇ (LINEAR–Catalina)	LINEAR & Catalina Sky Survey
P/2010 TO₂₀ (LINEAR–Grauer)	LINEAR & Grauer (Mt. Lemmon Sky Survey)
P/2004 V5 (LINEAR–Hill)	LINEAR & Hill
P/2008 QP₂₀ (LINEAR–Hill)	LINEAR & Hill
P/2001 BB₅₀ (LINEAR–NEAT)	LINEAR & NEAT
P/2004 R3 (LINEAR–NEAT)	LINEAR & NEAT
P/2004 T1 (LINEAR–NEAT)	LINEAR & NEAT
P/2001 R6 (LINEAR–Skiff)	LINEAR & Skiff
P/2000 S4 (LINEAR–Spacewatch)	LINEAR & Spacewatch
P/1999 RO₂₈ (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2000 S3 (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2001 OG₁₀₈ (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2004 A1 (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2004 VR₈ (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2005 GF₈ (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2005 SB₂₁₆ (LONEOS)	LONEOS
P/2005 RV₂₅ (LONEOS–Christensen)	LONEOS & Christensen
P/2005 XA₅₄ (LONEOS–Hill)	LONEOS & Hill
P/1998 QP₅₄ (LONEOS–Tucker)	LONEOS & Tucker
P/2010 J3 (McMillan)	McMillan (Spacewatch)
P/2004 R1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2005 J1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2005 L1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2005 Y2 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2006 G1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2006 H1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2008 J3 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2008 O2 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2008 Y3 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2009 Q5 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2009 S2 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2009 U4 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2010 J5 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2011 L1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2011 P1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2011 Q3 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2012 O1 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2012 O2 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2012 O3 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/2013 J2 (McNaught)	McNaught
P/1994 N2 (McNaught–Hartley)	McNaught & Hartley
D/1917 F1 (Mellish)	Mellish
P/1997 G1 (Montani)	Montani
P/2001 F1 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2001 H5 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2001 M10 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2001 Q6 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2001 Q11 (NEAT)	NEAT (Meyer, on archive images)
P/2001 T3 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2002 K4 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2003 E1 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2003 F2 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2003 QX₂₉ (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2003 S1 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2003 U3 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2005 R1 (NEAT)	NEAT
P/2002 T6 (NEAT–LINEAR)	NEAT & LINEAR
P/2013 V3 (Nevski)	Nevski
P/2011 R3 (Novichonok-Gerke)	Novichonok & Gerke
P/2003 SQ₂₁₅ (NEAT–LONEOS)	NEAT & LONEOS
P/2008 Q2 (Ory)	Ory
P/2010 T2 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2011 P2 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2011 U1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2011 W1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 B1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 C3 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 F2 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 G1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 T1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 T2 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 T3 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2012 U2 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 G4 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 J4 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 N3 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 N5 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 O2 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 P1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 P5 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 T1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2013 W1 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2014 A3 (PANSTARRS)	Pan-STARRS
P/2005 S3 (Read)	Read (Spacewatch)
P/2005 T3 (Read)	Read
P/2011 W2 (Rinner)	Rinner
D/1918 W1 (Schorr)	Schorr
P/2003 L1 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
P/2010 C1 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
P/2010 E5 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
P/2010 H4 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
P/2010 H5 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
P/2011 A2 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
P/2013 A2 (Scotti)	Scotti (Spacewatch)
D/1993 F2 (Shoemaker–Levy), earlier Shoemaker–Levy 9	C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy
P/2004 V3 (Siding Spring)	Siding Spring Survey
P/2006 HR₃₀ (Siding Spring)	Siding Spring Survey
P/2006 R1 (Siding Spring)	Siding Spring Survey
P/2012 US₂₇ (Siding Spring)	Siding Spring Survey
P/2000 S1 (Skiff)	Skiff
P/2004 V1 (Skiff)	Skiff
P/2005 S2 (Skiff)	Skiff
D/1977 C1 (Skiff-Kosai)	Skiff & Kosai
P/1999 R1 = P/2003 R5 = P/2007 R5 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/1999 X3 = P/2004 E2 = P/2008 K10 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/1997 J6 = P/2001 D1 = P/2004 X7 = P/2008 S2 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/1996 X3 = P/2002 S7 = P/2008 N4 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/1999 J6 = P/2004 V9 = P/2010 H3 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/2000 O3 = P/2005 W4 = P/2011 E1 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/2003 T12 = P/2012 A3 (SOHO)	SOHO
P/2005 JN (Spacewatch)	Spacewatch
P/2006 F4 (Spacewatch)	Spacewatch
P/2013 TW₅ (Siding Spring)	Siding Spring Survey
P/2011 JB₁₅ (Spacewatch–Boattini)	Spacewatch & Boattini
P/2009 SK₂₈₀ (Spacewatch–Hill)	Spacewatch & Hill
P/2004 DO₂₉ (Spacewatch–LINEAR)	Spacewatch & LINEAR
P/2011 UA₁₃₄ (Spacewatch–PANSTARRS)	Spacewatch & Pan-STARRS
P/2005 T4 (SWAN)	SWAN instrument of SOHO satellite (Matson & Mattiazzo)
D/1895 Q1 (Swift)	Swift
P/2012 TK₈ (Tenagra)	Tenagra II Observatory
P/2014 C1 (TOTAS)	TOTAS
P/2005 E1 (Tubbiolo)	Tubbiolo
P/2010 H2 (Vales)	Vales (Črni Vrh Observatory)
P/1942 EA (Väisälä), earlier Väisälä 2	Väisälä
P/2002 Q1 (Van Ness)	Van Ness
P/1937 D1 (Wilk)	Wilk
P/2010 B2 (WISE)	WISE
P/2010 D1 (WISE)	WISE
P/2010 D2 (WISE)	WISE
P/2010 JC₈₁ (WISE)	WISE
P/2010 K2 (WISE)	WISE
P/2010 N1 (WISE)	WISE
P/2010 P4 (WISE)	WISE
P/2009 L2 (Yang–Gao)	Yang & Gao
P/2007 S1 (Zhao)	Zhao

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 "Cometary Designation System". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2011-07-03.
↑ Comet names and designations
↑ http://www.cometography.com/pcomets/96a1.html
↑ Vsekhsvyatsky, S. K. (1967). Comets of 1961–1970. Physical characteristics of comets. Moscow: Nauka. p. 25.

External links

Minor Planet Center Periodic Comet Numbers
Cometography.com Periodic Comets
Seiichi Yoshida's Comet Catalog
MPC: Dates of Last Observation of Comets (periodic and non-periodic)

Comets

Features	Nucleus Coma Tails Antitail Dust trail Dust

Types	Names Antimatter Encke-types Exocomets Extinct Great Halley-types Interstellar Lost Main-belt Sungrazing (Kreutz Sungrazers)

Related	Asteroid Centaur Comet discoverers LINEAR Extraterrestrial atmospheres Oort cloud Small Solar System body See also Comet vintages Comets in fiction Fictional comets

Space missions	Comet Hopper CONTOUR CRAF Deep Impact/EPOXI Deep Space 1 Giotto Hayabusa Mk2 ICE Marco Polo MarcoPolo-R Rosetta Philae Sakigake Stardust/NeXT Suisei Ulysses Vega program Vega 1 Vega 2 Vesta

Latest	C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy) C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) P/2013 P5 (PANSTARRS) C/2012 S1 (ISON) C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS) C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) C/2012 E2 (SWAN) 276P/Vorobjov 2P/Encke

Lists (more)

Periodic
comets

Number	1P/Halley 2P/Encke 3D/Biela 4P/Faye 5D/Brorsen 6P/d'Arrest 7P/Pons–Winnecke 8P/Tuttle 9P/Tempel 10P/Tempel 11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR 12P/Pons–Brooks 13P/Olbers 14P/Wolf 15P/Finlay 16P/Brooks 17P/Holmes 18D/Perrine–Mrkos 19P/Borrelly 20D/Westphal 21P/Giacobini–Zinner 22P/Kopff 23P/Brorsen–Metcalf 24P/Schaumasse 25D/Neujmin 26P/Grigg–Skjellerup 27P/Crommelin 28P/Neujmin 29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann 30P/Reinmuth 31P/Schwassmann–Wachmann 32P/Comas Solá 33P/Daniel 34D/Gale 35P/Herschel–Rigollet 36P/Whipple 37P/Forbes 38P/Stephan–Oterma 39P/Oterma 40P/Väisälä 41P/Tuttle–Giacobini–Kresák 42P/Neujmin 43P/Wolf–Harrington 44P/Reinmuth 45P/Honda–Mrkos–Pajdušáková 46P/Wirtanen 47P/Ashbrook–Jackson 48P/Johnson 49P/Arend–Rigaux 50P/Arend 51P/Harrington 52P/Harrington–Abell 53P/Van Biesbroeck 54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT 55P/Tempel–Tuttle 56P/Slaughter–Burnham 57P/du Toit–Neujmin–Delporte 60P/Tsuchinshan 62P/Tsuchinshan 65P/Gunn 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko 68P/Klemola 69P/Taylor 71P/Clark 73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann 74P/Smirnova–Chernykh 75D/Kohoutek 77P/Longmore 78P/Gehrels 81P/Wild 82P/Gehrels 84P/Giclas 85P/Boethin 87P/Bus 88P/Howell 91P/Russell 94P/Russell 95P/Chiron 96P/Machholz 98P/Takamizawa 99P/Kowal 100P/Hartley 101P/Chernykh 102P/Shoemaker 103P/Hartley 105P/Singer Brewster 107P/Wilson–Harrington 109P/Swift–Tuttle 111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett 112P/Urata–Niijima 113P/Spitaler 114P/Wiseman–Skiff 115P/Maury 116P/Wild 117P/Helin–Roman–Alu 118P/Shoemaker–Levy 119P/Parker–Hartley 120P/Mueller 121P/Shoemaker–Holt 122P/de Vico 125P/Spacewatch 128P/Shoemaker–Holt 129P/Shoemaker–Levy 130P/McNaught–Hughes 132P/Helin–Roman–Alu 133P/Elst–Pizarro 136P/Mueller 138P/Shoemaker–Levy 139P/Väisälä–Oterma 143P/Kowal–Mrkos 144P/Kushida 147P/Kushida–Muramatsu 152P/Helin–Lawrence 153P/Ikeya–Zhang 157P/Tritton 158P/Kowal–LINEAR 159P/LONEOS 160P/LINEAR 161P/Hartley–IRAS 163P/NEAT 164P/Christensen 165P/LINEAR 166P/NEAT 167P/CINEOS 168P/Hergenrother 169P/NEAT 170P/Christensen 171P/Spahr 172P/Yeung 173P/Mueller 174P/Echeclus 176P/LINEAR 177P/Barnard 178P/Hug–Bell 206P/Barnard–Boattini 208P/McMillan 209P/LINEAR 238P/Read 246P/NEAT 255P/Levy 271P/van Houten–Lemmon 276P/Vorobjov 289P/Blanpain

None	D/1770 L1 D/1993 F2 P/1997 B1 P/2007 R5 P/2010 A2 P/2010 B2 P/2010 V1 P/2011 NO1 P/2013 P5

Non
periodic
comets

Before 1910	C/-43 K1 (Comet Caesar) X/1106 C1 C/1577 V1 (Great Comet of 1577) C/1652 Y1 C/1680 V1 (Kirsch's Comet) C/1702 H1 C/1729 P1 (Comet of 1729) C/1743 X1 C/1760 A1 C/1769 P1 C/1811 F1 (Great Comet of 1811) C/1823 Y1 (Great Comet of 1823) C/1843 D1 (Great March Comet of 1843) C/1847 T1 (Miss Mitchell's Comet) C/1858 L1 (Comet Donati) C/1861 G1 (Comet Thatcher) C/1861 J1 (Great Comet of 1861) X/1872 X1 C/1882 R1 (Great September Comet of 1882) C/1887 B1 (Great Southern Comet of 1887) C/1910 A1 (Great January Comet of 1910)

After 1910	C/1911 O1 (Brooks) C/1911 S3 (Beljawsky) C/1927 X1 (Skjellerup–Maristany) C/1948 V1 (Eclipse) C/1956 R1 (Arend–Roland) C/1961 R1 (Humason) C/1965 S1 (Ikeya-Seki) C/1969 Y1 (Bennett) C/1970 K1 (White–Ortiz–Bolelli) C/1973 E1 (Kohoutek) C/1975 V1 (West) C/1980 E1 (Bowell) C/1989 X1 (Austin) C/1989 Y1 (Skorichenko–George) C/1993 Y1 (McNaught–Russell) C/1995 O1 (Hale–Bopp) C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake) C/1997 L1 (Zhu–Balam) C/1998 H1 (Stonehouse) C/1999 F1 (Catalina) C/1999 S4 (LINEAR) C/2000 U5 (LINEAR) C/2000 W1 (Utsunomiya-Jones) C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) C/2002 T7 (LINEAR) C/2004 Q2 (Machholz) C/2006 A1 (Pojmański) C/2006 M4 (SWAN) C/2006 P1 (McNaught) C/2007 F1 (LONEOS) C/2007 N3 (Lulin) C/2007 Q3 (Siding Spring) C/2007 W1 (Boattini) C/2009 F6 (Yi–SWAN) C/2009 R1 (McNaught) C/2010 X1 (Elenin) C/2011 L4 (PANSTARRS) C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy) C/2012 E2 (SWAN) C/2012 F6 (Lemmon) C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS) C/2012 S1 (ISON) C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) P/2013 P5 (PANSTARRS) C/2013 R1 (Lovejoy)

After 1910 (abc's)	Arend–Roland Austin Beljawsky Bennett Boattini Bowell Brooks Catalina Eclipse Elenin Hale-Bopp Humason Hyakutake Ikeya-Seki ISON Kohoutek Lemmon LINEAR C/1999 S4 C/2000 U5 C/2002 T7 LONEOS Lovejoy C/2011 W3 C/2013 R1 Lulin Machholz McNaught C/2006 P1 C/2009 R1 McNaught–Russell NEAT Pan-STARRS C/2011 L4 C/2012 K1 P/2013 P5 Pojmański Siding Spring C/2007 Q3 C/2013 A1 Skjellerup–Maristany Skorichenko–George Stonehouse SWAN C/2006 M4 C/2012 E2 Utsunomiya–Jones West White–Ortiz–Bolelli Yi–SWAN Zhu–Balam

Misc

Asteroid comets	2060 Chiron (95P/Chiron) 7968 Elst–Pizarro (133P/Elst–Pizarro) 4015 Wilson–Harrington (107P/Wilson-Harrington) 60558 Echeclus (174P/Echeclus) 118401 LINEAR (176P/LINEAR, prev 1999 RE70)

Lost comets	11P/Tempel–Swift–LINEAR 15P/Finlay 17P/Holmes 27P/Crommelin 54P/de Vico–Swift–NEAT 69P/Taylor 73P/Schwassmann–Wachmann 113P/Spitaler 107P/Wilson–Harrington 177P/Barnard 206P/Barnard–Boattini D/1770 L1 (Lexell) 3D/Biela 5D/Brorsen 18D/Perrine–Mrkos 20D/Westphal 25D/Neujmin 34D/Gale

Unknown orbits	X/1106 C1 X/1872 X1

Small Solar System bodies

Minor planets

Designation Groups Moons Meanings of names Pronunciation of names

Asteroids	Aten asteroid Families Jupiter Trojans Main-belt Near-Earth Spectral types

Distant minor planets	Centaurs Damocloids Neptune trojans Trans-Neptunian objects Detached Kuiper belt Oort cloud Scattered disc

Comets

Meteoroids

Bolide
Dust
Fireball
Meteor
Meteorite
Tektite

Lists / categories

Asteroid groups and families
Asteroid moons
Binary asteroids
Minor planets

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List of periodic comets

Numbered periodic comets

Unnumbered periodic comets

See also

References

External links