Peltogyne

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Peltogyne
Peltogyne paniculata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Tribe: Detarieae
Genus: Peltogyne
Vogel
Species

See text

Purpleheart redirects here. For other meanings see Purple Heart (disambiguation)

Peltogyne, commonly known as purpleheart, amendoim or amaranth, is a genus of 23 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, native to tropical regions of Central and South America, where they occur in tropical rainforests. Purpleheart comes from the rain forests of Brazil, Guyana, and Suriname[1]

They are medium-sized to large trees growing to 30–50m (120–150 ft) tall, with trunk diameters of up to 1.5 m. The leaves are alternate, divided into a symmetrical pair of large leaflets 5–10 cm long and 2–4 cm broad. The flowers are small, with five white petals, produced in panicles. The fruit is a pod containing a single seed.

Wood

Purpleheart stands on its own in the wood species. Purpleheart is an extremely dense and water resistant wood. It is ranked one of the hardest and most stiff of the woods in the world. Some people claim it is so durable that people use it as truck decking.[2] The trees are prized for their beautiful heartwood which, when cut, quickly turns from a light brown to a rich purple color. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light darkens the wood to a brown color with a slight hue of the original purple. The longer the wood is exposed to UV lights (sunlight), the colour of purple slowly changes from a light purple to a substantially chocolate-purple colour.[3] This effect can be minimized with a finish containing a UV inhibitor. The dry wood is very hard and dense with a specific gravity of 0.86 (54 lb/ft^3 or 860 kg/m^3). Carbide blades are recommended when working with purpleheart wood. The wood is also known as amaranth and violet wood. Overharvesting has caused several species to become endangered in areas where they were once abundant.[4][citation needed].

Gallery

  • Purpleheart wood.jpg

  • A board laminated with Purpleheart (the darkest of the three), as well as the salmon colored Lyptus and the lighter cherry.

  • Peltogyne sp. - MHNT

Uses

Purpleheart is mainly used for woodworking. It is prized for fine inlay work, woodturning, cabinetry, flooring, and furniture. Purpleheart is also notably used for guitar or musical instrument inlays and design. Exposure to the dust, generated by cutting and sanding purpleheart, can cause irritation and nausea, possibly due to the presence of dalbergione (neoflavonoid) compounds in the wood. This also makes purpleheart wood unsuitable to most people for use in jewelry.[5] Purpleheart is also a fairly expensive wood, which is why it is usually used in smaller scale projects. Purpleheart is difficult to work with. If it is cut with dull machinery, a resin is emitted off of the wood that can cause damage to the machinery. Power tools, if used improperly, can cause burn marks on wood. In the case of purple heart being burned, is quite hard to remove due to the density and hardness of the wood.

Species

  • Peltogyne altissima Ducke
  • Peltogyne angustiflora Ducke
  • Peltogyne campestris Ducke
  • Peltogyne catingae Ducke
  • Peltogyne confertiflora (Hayne) Benth.
  • Peltogyne discolor Vogel
  • Peltogyne excelsa Ducke
  • Peltogyne floribunda (Kunth) Pittier
  • Peltogyne gracilipes Ducke
  • Peltogyne heterophylla M.F.Silva
  • Peltogyne lecointei Ducke
  • Peltogyne maranhensis Ducke
  • Peltogyne mattosiana Rizzini
  • Peltogyne mexicana Martinez
  • Peltogyne paniculata Benth.
  • Peltogyne paradoxa Ducke
  • Peltogyne parvifolia Benth.
  • Peltogyne pauciflora Benth.
  • Peltogyne prancei M.F.Silva
  • Peltogyne purpurea Pittier
  • Peltogyne recifensis Ducke
  • Peltogyne subsessilis W.A.Rodrigues
  • Peltogyne venosa (M.Vahl) Benth.sfd

References

  1. ↑ http://www.south20.com/woods/purpleheart.htm
  2. ↑ http://www.thewoodbox.com/data/wood/purpleheartinfo.htm
  3. ↑ http://www.maderasdesudamerica.com/purpleheart-peltogyne/
  4. ↑ "Purpleheart - Peltogyne - Madera Sudamerica -Consorcio forestal". Maderasdesudamerica.com. 
  5. ↑ Peltogyne in BoDD – Botanical Dermatology Database

External links

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