Parus (satellite)
| General information | |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | JSC Information Satellite Systems |
| Country of origin |
Soviet Union Russia |
| Bus | KAUR-1 |
| Applications |
Navigation Communications |
| Orbit regimes | Low Earth |
| Operator | VKS |
| Lifetime | 18-24 months |
| Derived from | Tsikada |
| Production | |
| Status | Operational |
| Built | >99 |
| Launched | 99 |
| Operational | Unknown |
| Lost | 1-4 |
| First launch |
Kosmos 700, 26 December 1974 |
| Typical spacecraft | |
| Average mass | 825 kg (1,819 lb) |
Parus (Russian: Парус meaning Sail), also Tsyklon-B or Tsiklon-B (Russian: Циклон-Б meaning Cyclone-B) and Tsikada-M (Russian: Цикада-М meaning Cicada-M),[1] GRAU index 11F627, is a Russian, previously Soviet satellite constellation used for communication and navigation. As of 2010, 99 Parus satellites have been launched, starting with Kosmos 700 in 1974.[2] All launches have been conducted using Kosmos-3M carrier rockets, flying from sites 132 and 133 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.[3]
Parus satellites are produced by JSC Information Satellite Systems (formerly NPO PM), based on the KAUR-1 satellite bus. They have a mass of around 825 kilograms (1,819 lb), and a design life of 18-24 months.[1] The satellites operate in low Earth orbits, typically with a perigee of about 950 kilometres (590 mi), an apogee of 1,005 kilometres (624 mi) and 82.9° inclination.[2] They are operated by the Russian Space Forces, and are used primarily for navigation, store-dump communication, and to relay data from US-P satellites.[2] Some of the navigation functions are believed to have been superseded by the GLONASS system.[2]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wade, Mark. "Parus". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Krebs, Gunter. "Parus (11F627)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2009-07-21.
- ↑ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 2009-07-21.