Pamidronic acid
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|---|---|
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) | |
| Clinical data | |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| MedlinePlus | a601163 |
| Pregnancy cat. | B3 (AU) D (US) |
| Legal status | POM (UK) ℞-only (US) |
| Routes | Intravenous |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | n/a |
| Protein binding | 54% |
| Metabolism | Nil |
| Half-life | 28 ± 7 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 40391-99-9  |
| ATC code | M05BA03 |
| PubChem | CID 4674 |
| DrugBank | DB00282 |
| ChemSpider | 4512 |
| UNII | OYY3447OMC |
| KEGG | D07281 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL834 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C3H11NO7P2 |
| Mol. mass | 235.07 g/mol |
| SMILES
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| (what is this?) (verify) | |
Pamidronic acid (INN) or pamidronate disodium (USAN), pamidronate disodium pentahydrate is a nitrogen containing bisphosphonate, used to prevent osteoporosis. It is marketed by Novartis under the brand name Aredia. In India, it is marketed by Curacell Biotech under the brand name Pamimed.
Uses
It is used to prevent bone loss, and treat osteoporosis. It is also used to strengthen bone in Paget's disease, to prevent bone loss due to steroid use, and in certain cancers with high propensity to bone, such as multiple myeloma. In multiple myeloma, it is usually administered as an intravenous infusion, lasting about 3 hours. The therapy is repeated monthly, and lasts for the life of the patient. Due to its ability to sequester calcium in bone, it is also used to treat high calcium levels. It is also used as an experimental treatment of the bone disorder known as Osteogenesis Imperfecta, brittle bones and fragile fatigues.
Administration
Intravenous, usually 90 mg monthly. 30 mg, 60 mg, 90 mg and for hospitals, 120 mg vials are available, mixed with mannitol.
Side effects
Common side effects include bone pain, low calcium levels, nausea, and dizziness. Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a rare complication which has been associated with the use of bisphosphonates, including pamidronate.[1]
Pamidronate activates human γδ T cells in vitro and in vivo, which may lead to flu-like symptoms upon administration.
References
- ↑ Zarychanski R, Elphee E, Walton P, Johnston J (2006). "Osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with pamidronate therapy.". Am J Hematol 81 (1): 73–5. doi:10.1002/ajh.20481. PMID 16369966.
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