Osmium(IV) chloride
| Osmium(IV) chloride | ||
|---|---|---|
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| IUPAC name Osmium(IV) chloride | ||
| Other names Osmium chloride, osmium tetrachloride | ||
| Identifiers | ||
| CAS number | 10026-01-4 | |
| PubChem | 4070891 | |
| Jmol-3D images | {{#if:Cl[Os](Cl)(Cl)Cl|Image 1 | |
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| Properties | ||
| Molecular formula | OsCl4 | |
| Molar mass | 332.041 g/mol | |
| Appearance | red-black orthorhombic crystals | |
| Density | 4.38 g/cm³ | |
| Melting point | decomposes at 323°C | |
| Solubility in water | reacts with water | |
| Solubility | soluble in hydrochloric acid | |
| Structure | ||
| Crystal structure | Orthorhombic, oS10 | |
| Space group | Cmmm, No. 65 | |
| Related compounds | ||
| Other anions | Osmium(IV) oxide | |
| Other cations | Iron(III) chloride Ruthenium(III) chloride Osmium(III) chloride | |
 (verify) (what is: / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa) | ||
| Infobox references | ||
Osmium(IV) chloride or osmium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound composed of osmium and chlorine with the empirical formula OsCl4. It exists in two polymorphs (crystalline forms). The compound is used to prepare other osmium complexes.
Preparation, structure, reactions
It was first reported in 1909 as the product of chlorination of osmium metal.[1] This route affords the high temperature polymorph:[2]
- Os + 2 Cl2 → OsCl4
This reddish-black polymorph is orthorhombic and adopts a structure in which osmium centres are octahedrally coordinated, sharing opposite edges of the OsCl6 octahedra to form a chain.[3] A brown, apparently cubic polymorph forms upon reduction of osmium tetroxide with thionyl chloride:[4]
- OsO4 + 4 SOCl2 → OsCl4 + 2 Cl2 + 4 SO2
Osmium tetraoxide dissolves in hydrochloric acid to give the hexachloroosmate anion:
- OsO4 + 8 HCl → H2OsCl6 + Cl2 + 4 H2O
References
- ↑ Otto Ruff and Ferd. Bornemann (1910). "Über das Osmium, seine analytische Bestimmung, seine Oxyde und seine Chloride". Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 65: 429–456. doi:10.1002/zaac.19100650126.
- ↑ Cotton, S. A. (1997). Chemistry of Precious Metals. London: Chapman and Hall. ISBN 0-7514-0413-6.
- ↑ Wells A.F. (1984). Structural Inorganic Chemistry (5th ed.). Oxford Science Publications. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
- ↑ Paul Machmer (1967). "On the polymorphism of osmium tetrachloride". Chem. Commun. (12): 610a–610a. doi:10.1039/C1967000610A.
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