Operation Tupac

Operation Tupac is the designation and existing codename of a cold war military intelligence contingency program run by the ISI, active since the 1980s. The program is designated with three-part action plan for covert support of the militancy in Indian-held Kashmir, giving authorization and initiation under the order of President Zia-ul-Haq in 1988 after the failure of "Gibraltar".^[1][2][3]

The designation is derived from Tupac Amaru II, the 18th-century prince who led the war of liberation in Peru against the Spanish rule.^[4] The program is thought to be remain active as the ISI is currently engaged in covertly supporting the Kashmiri militants in their fight against the Indian authorities in Kashmir.^[4]

The objectives of Operation Tupac were; a) to disintegrate India; b) to utilize the spy network to act as an instrument of sabotage; c) to exploit porous borders with Nepal and Bangladesh to set up bases and conduct operations.^[5][6]

The ISI was reported to have spent ₨. 2.4 crore per month to sponsor its activities in Kashmir.^[1] Though all the militant groups received funding the Pro Pakistani groups were reportedly favored.^[1] Under this program, the ISI helped create 6 militant groups in Kashmir including Lashkar-e-Taiba.^[2][7] American Intelligence officials believe ISI continues to provide protection and share intelligence with Lashkar-e-Taiba.^[7]

See also

• Kashmir conflict
• Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir

References

External links

• Pakistan’s ISI: The Invisible Government

v t e Pakistan Armed Forces Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee Chairman Joint Chiefs Joint Staff Headquarters Judge Advocate General Branch National Command Authority National Defence University Military history Air Force history Awards and decorations Defence industry Establishment Inter-Services Intelligence Inter-Services Public Relations Missiles programme Nuclear doctrine Nuclear industry UN peacekeeping missions Weapons of mass destruction Army   General Headquarters Army Aviation Corps Army Strategic Forces Command Cantonments Chief of Army Staff Command and Staff College Military Academy Museum Public Schools & Colleges System Rangers Serving and active-duty generals Special Services Group Azad Kashmir Regiment Baloch Regiment Frontier Force Regiment Governor General's Bodyguard Northern Light Infantry Punjab Regiment Sind Regiment Air Force   Air Headquarters Aeronautical Complex Air Force Academy Air Force Bases Air Force Education and Development Command Air Force Strategic Command Air War College Chief of Air Staff Combat aircraft Combatant Air Force squadrons PAF Institute of Aviation Technology PAF Museum Sherdils Special Service Wing Navy   Naval Headquarters Chief of Naval Staff Coast Guard Marines Maritime Museum Naval Academy Naval Air Arm Naval Education Establishment Naval Engineering College Naval School of Logistics and Management Naval Strategic Forces Command Naval War College Special Service Group Navy Strategic Institute for Naval Affairs Active ships PNS Ghazi PNS Hangor Kalmat Naval Base Makran Naval Base Qasim Naval Base Naval Air Station Ahsan Naval base Jinnah Naval Base Mehran Naval Air Base Naval hospitals P.N.S. Rahat P.N.S. Shifa Research vessel PNS Behr Paima Paramilitary forces Airports Security Force Chitral Scouts Frontier Constabulary Frontier Corps Khyber Rifles Maritime Security Agency National Guard of Pakistan Pakistan Coast Guard Pakistan Rangers Zhob Militia Wars and conflicts Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 / 1965 / 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War 1970s Baloch insurgency Siachen conflict Kargil War War in North-West Pakistan Category Air Force Army Navy Portal