Operation München

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Operation München
Part of the Eastern Front of World War II

Romanian cavalryman escorting Soviet prisoners
Date July 2 to July 24, 1941
Location Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina
Result Axis victory
Belligerents
Soviet Union Romania
Germany
Commanders and leaders
Ivan Tyulenev
P. G. Ponedelin
Yakov Cherevichenko 		Ion Antonescu
Nicolae Ciupercă
Petre Dumitrescu
Eugen Ritter von Schobert
Units involved
Odessa Military District:
9th Army
12th Army
18th Army 		Army Group Antonescu:
3rd Army
4th Army
11th Army
Strength
364,700 troops
700 tanks
1,750 aircraft 		325,685 troops[1]
672 aircraft
5 divisions, 420 aircraft
Casualties and losses
Total: 17,893
8,519 killed/missing, 9,374 wounded 		Total: 21,738
4,112 killed, 12,120 wounded, 5,506 missing[2]
As part of the Axis (1941–1944)
As part of the Allies (1944–1945)
To be distinguished from the German documentary film LH 615 – Operation München about the 1972 hijacking of a Lufthansa airliner.

Operation München (Operaţiunea München) was the Romanian codename of a joint German-Romanian offensive in World War II, with the primary objective of liberating Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, ceded by Romania to the Soviet Union a year before (Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina).[3] The operation concluded successfully after 24 days of fighting. Axis formations involved included the Third Army, the Fourth Army, and the Eleventh Army. In German this is simply described as the recapture of Bessarabia by the Romanian army, and was the beginning of genocide against the Jewish population of Bessarabia.[4][5]

Other "Operation Münchens"

Another "Operation München" took place in March 1942, in Lithuania.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Axworthy (1995), p. 45.
  2. ↑ Axworthy (1995), p. 47.
  3. ↑ Germany and the Axis powers from coalition to collapse R. L. DiNardo - 2005 "It was not until early July, once the Soviet offensive was spent, that the Romanian Fourth Army was ready to go over to the offensive.101 Operation Munchen turned out to be a somewhat staggered affair. Schobert's German Eleventh Army "
  4. ↑ Deutsche und Juden in Bessarabien, 1814-1941 Mariana Hausleitner - 2005 "... größte Katastrophe für die Juden Bessarabiens war die Rückeroberung Bessarabiens durch die rumänische Armee im Juli 1941."
  5. ↑ Operation Barbarossa 1941: Army Group South - Page 41 Robert Kirchubel, Howard Gerrard - 2003 "Hitler finally felt chances of a Soviet ground attack were low enough that his far right flank could move out under Operation Munich. All Axis forces in Rumania nominally fell under the command of dictator Ion Antonescu."
  6. ↑ Rich man's war, poor man's fight: race, class, and power in the ... - Page 308 Jeanette Keith - 2004 "This air detachment was to be made ready for action as part of Operation Munich, an anti-partisan sweep planned to ... Operation Munich was launched on March 19. Supported by the newly created air detachment, German troops struck at ..."

Bibliography

  • Axworthy, Mark; Scafes, Cornel; Craciunoiu, Cristian (1995). Third Axis Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945. London: Arms & Armour Press. ISBN 1-85409-267-7. 

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