Operation Fusileer
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| Operation Fusileer | |
|---|---|
| Information | |
| Country | United States |
| Test site | NTS Area 12, Rainier Mesa; NTS Area 19, 20, Pahute Mesa; NTS, Areas 1-4, 6-10, Yucca Flat |
| Period | 1983-1984 |
| Number of tests | 16 |
| Test type | Underground shaft, Underground tunnel |
| Max. yield | 250 tonnes of TNT (1,000 GJ) - 150 kilotonnes of TNT (630 TJ) |
| Navigation | |
| Previous test series | Phalanx |
| Next test series | Grenadier |
Operation Fusileer[1] was a series of 16 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1983-1984 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed Phalanx and preceded Grenadier.
The United States test series summary table is here: United States' nuclear testing series.
The detonations in the United States' Fusileer series are listed below:
| Name[Note 1] | Date Time (UT) | Local time zone[Note 2] | Location[Note 3] | Elevation + Height[Note 4] | Delivery[Note 5] | Purpose[Note 6] | Device[Note 7] | Yield[Note 8] | Venting[Note 9] | References | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muggins | December 9, 1983 16:00:00.11 | PST | NTS Area U3ls 37°00′46″N 116°02′47″W / 37.01274°N 116.04643°W | 1,188 m (3,898 ft) - 243.84 m (800.0 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 1.5 kt | [1][2][3][4][5] | |||
| Romano | December 16, 1983 18:00:30.09 | PST | NTS Area U2ex 37°08′25″N 116°04′23″W / 37.1404°N 116.07294°W | 1,287 m (4,222 ft) - 515 m (1,690 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 29 kt | I-131 venting detected, 0 | [1][2][3][6][7][8] | ||
| Gorbea | January 31, 1984 15:00:30.085 | PST | NTS Area U2cq 37°06′48″N 116°07′20″W / 37.11334°N 116.12229°W | 1,344 m (4,409 ft) - 388 m (1,273 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 20 kt | Venting detected, 12 Ci (440 GBq) | [1][2][3][6][8] | ||
| Midas Myth/Milagro | February 15, 1984 17:00:00.11 | PST | NTS Area U12t.04 37°13′17″N 116°10′54″W / 37.22135°N 116.181572°W | 2,044 m (6,706 ft) - 360.9 m (1,184 ft) | Underground tunnel | Weapon effect | 20 kt | [1][2][3] | 14 injured, 1 died in unexpected crater collapse following test; the only fatality from testing at NTS. Unlike other tunnel tests, Milagro required high speed video links, so a data trailer park was built above it. | ||
| Tortugas | March 1, 1984 17:00:45.09 | PST | NTS Area U3gg 37°03′57″N 116°02′50″W / 37.06572°N 116.04716°W | 1,216 m (3,990 ft) - 638.6 m (2,095 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 150 kt | [1][2][3][7][5] | |||
| Agrini | March 31, 1984 14:00:30.084 | PST | NTS Area U2ev 37°08′47″N 116°05′06″W / 37.14648°N 116.08512°W | 1,304 m (4,278 ft) - 320 m (1,050 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 6 kt | Venting detected on site, 690 Ci (26,000 GBq) | [1][2][3][6][5][8] | ||
| Orkney | May 2, 1984 13:00:50.09 | PST | NTS Area U10be 37°11′54″N 116°03′17″W / 37.19843°N 116.05484°W | 1,351 m (4,432 ft) - 210 m (690 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 250 t | Venting detected, 0.5 Ci (19 GBq) | [1][2][3][4][6] | ||
| Bellow | May 16, 1984 16:00:00.085 | PST | NTS Area U4ac 37°05′33″N 116°05′38″W / 37.09248°N 116.09401°W | 1,266 m (4,154 ft) - 207.3 m (680 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 800 t | [1][2][3][4] | |||
| Caprock | May 31, 1984 13:00:04.102 | PST | NTS Area U4q 37°06′11″N 116°02′57″W / 37.10318°N 116.04907°W | 1,237 m (4,058 ft) - 599.85 m (1,968.0 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 120 kt | Venting detected, 0.1 Ci (3.7 GBq) | [1][2][3][6][7][8] | ||
| Duoro | June 20, 1984 15:00:15.088 | PST | NTS Area U3lv 37°00′02″N 116°02′37″W / 37.00042°N 116.04365°W | 1,180 m (3,870 ft) - 379.78 m (1,246.0 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 20 kt | [1][2][3][7][5] | |||
| Normanna | July 12, 1984 14:00:00.087 | PST | NTS Area U10cb 37°11′31″N 116°02′07″W / 37.19194°N 116.03525°W | 1,315 m (4,314 ft) - 200 m (660 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 500 t | [1][2][3] | |||
| Kappeli | July 25, 1984 15:00:30.084 | PST | NTS Area U20am 37°16′04″N 116°24′42″W / 37.26771°N 116.41153°W | 1,982 m (6,503 ft) - 640 m (2,100 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 80 kt | Venting detected, 12 Ci (440 GBq) | [1][2][3][6][8] | ||
| Correo | August 2, 1984 15:00:00.09 | PST | NTS Area U3lw 37°01′01″N 116°00′31″W / 37.01681°N 116.00853°W | 1,182 m (3,878 ft) - 334.1 m (1,096 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 10 kt | [1][2][3] | |||
| Dolcetto | August 30, 1984 14:00:45.102 | PST | NTS Area U7bi 37°05′23″N 116°00′01″W / 37.08975°N 116.00023°W | 1,291 m (4,236 ft) - 365.15 m (1,198.0 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 20 kt | [1][2][3] | |||
| Wexford | August 30, 1984 14:00:45.0 | PST | NTS Area U2cr 37°08′38″N 116°07′34″W / 37.14386°N 116.12615°W | 1,376 m (4,514 ft) - 314 m (1,030 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | less than 20 kt | [1][2][3] | |||
| Breton | September 13, 1984 14:00:00.0 | PST | NTS Area U4ar 37°05′11″N 116°04′20″W / 37.08649°N 116.07224°W | 1,238 m (4,062 ft) - 483.11 m (1,585.0 ft) | Underground shaft | Weapons development | 33 kt | Venting detected, 4 Ci (150 GBq) | [1][2][3][6][7][8] |
Table Notes:
- ↑ The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China have not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions - Soviet peaceful explosions were named). A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also named the individual explosions in such a test,which results in "<name> - 1(with <other_name>)".
- ↑ To compute local standard time "PST" (Pacific ST) from UT, subtract 8 hours from the UT. If that time is less then 00:00, add 24 hours and decrease the date by one day.
- ↑ Rough place name and a Latitude/Longitude reference; for rocket bursts, the launch location is specified before the burst location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area. If test is canceled or aborted, then row data is intended plans.
- ↑ Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number/units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero.
- ↑ Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, barge and cratering are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT.
- ↑ Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down.
- ↑ Designations for test items where known, nicknames for particular devices in quotes.
- ↑ Estimated energy yield in tonnes, kilotonnes, and megatonnes (all metric units).
- ↑ Emissions to atmosphere, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it's all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and everything if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, and the maximum amount of radiation released.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 United States Nuclear Tests: July 1945 through September 1992 (DOENV-209 REV15). Las Vegas, NV: Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office. 2000-12-01. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 Yang, Xiaoping; North, Robert; Romney, Carl. CMR Nuclear Explosion Database (Revision 3). SMDC Monitoring Research.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 Official list of underground nuclear explosions. Sandia National Laboratories. Retrieved 2013-10-31.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Norris, Robert Standish; Cochran, Thomas B. (1 February 1994). "United States nuclear tests, July 1945 to 31 December 1992 (NWD 94-1)". Nuclear Weapons Databook Working Paper (Washington, DC: Natural Resources Defense Council). Retrieved 2013-10-26.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Operation Argus, 1958 (DNA6039F). Washington, DC: Defense Nuclear Agency, Department of Defense. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Radiological Effluents Released from U.S. Continental Tests 1961 Through 1992 (DOE/NV-317 Rev. 1). DOE Nevada Operations Office. Retrieved 2013-10-31.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Hechanova, Anthony E.; O'Donnell, James E. (25 September 1998). Estimates of yield for nuclear tests impacting the groundwater at the Nevada Test Site. Nuclear Science and Technology Division.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 "Estimated exposures and thyroid doses received by the American people from Iodine-131 in fallout following Nevada atmospheric nuclear bomb tests, Chapter 2". National Cancer Institute. 1997. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
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