Open quantum system
In physics, an open quantum system is a quantum system which is found to be in interaction with an external quantum system, the environment. The open quantum system can be viewed as a distinguished part of a larger closed quantum system, the other part being the environment.
Open quantum systems are an important concept in quantum optics, quantum measurement theory, quantum statistical mechanics, quantum information science, quantum cosmology and semiclassical approximations.
Open quantum systems are important in any case in which particles in threshold or scattering states (the unbound states) have an effect on the particles in the bound states (i.e. those in the "closed quantum system"). Clustering in nuclei, when the nucleus in question decays via emission of an alpha particle, is such a situation: the coupling to the cluster decay channel induces clustering in the bound nuclei.
See also
References
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- Okolowicz, J.; Płoszajczak, M.; Nazarewicz, W. (2012). "On the Origin of Nuclear Clustering". Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 196: 230. doi:10.1143/PTPS.196.230.