Oklahoma Question 711[1] of 2004, is an amendment to the Oklahoma Constitution that defines marriage as the union of a man and a woman, thus rendering recognition or performance of same-sex marriages or civil unions null within the state. The referendum was approved by 76 percent of the voters.[2] Additionally, it is the only such amendment that establishes criminal penalties for issuing a marriage licence in violation of its provisions.[3]
The text of the amendment states:
- (a.) Marriage in this state shall consist only of the union of one man and one woman. Neither this Constitution nor any other provision of law shall be construed to require that marital status or the legal incidents thereof be conferred upon unmarried couples or groups.
- (b.) A marriage between persons of the same gender performed in another state shall not be recognized as valid and binding in this state as of the date of the marriage.
- (c.) Any person knowingly issuing a marriage license in violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.[3]
On January 14, 2014, Judge Terence C. Kern of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma declared Question 711 unconstitutional. The case, Bishop v. United States (formerly Bishop v. Oklahoma), has been stayed pending appeal.[4]
Results
| Question 711[5] |
| Choice |
Votes |
Percentage |
 Yes |
1,075,216 |
75.58% |
| No |
347,303 |
24.42% |
See also
References
- ↑ General Election, November 2, 2004, Summary Results, Oklahoma State Election Board. Accessed 22 December 2006.
- ↑ CNN.com Election 2004 - Ballot Measures Accessed 30 November 2006.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Oklahoma Constitution, Article II, section 35, at domawatch.org. Accessed 22 December 2006.
- ↑ Federal lawsuit renewed against Oklahoma's constitutional ban of same-sex marriage Accessed 11 December 2010
- ↑ "2004 General Election Turnout Rates". United States Election Project. June 4, 2013.
External links
U.S. same-sex unions ballot measures |
|---|
| | 1990s | |
|---|
| | 2000s |
- California Proposition 22 (2000, Ban)
- Nebraska Initiative 416 (2000, Ban)
- Nevada Question 2 (2002, Ban)
- Arkansas Constitutional Amendment 3 (2004, Ban)
- Georgia Constitutional Amendment 1 (2004, Ban)
- Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 1 (2004, Ban)
- Louisiana Constitutional Amendment 1 (2004, Ban)
- Michigan Proposal 04-2 (2004, Ban)
- Mississippi Amendment 1 (2004, Ban)
- Missouri Constitutional Amendment 2 (2004, Ban)
- Montana Initiative 96 (2004, Ban)
- North Dakota Constitutional Measure 1 (2004, Ban)
- Ohio Issue 1 (2004, Ban)
- Oklahoma Question 711 (2004, Ban)
- Oregon Ballot Measure 36 (2004, Ban)
- Utah Constitutional Amendment 3 (2004, Ban)
- Kansas Amendment 1 (2005)
- Texas Proposition 2 (2005, Ban)
- Alabama Amendment 774 (2006)
- Arizona Proposition 107 (2006, Constitutional ban defeated)
- Colorado Amendment 43 (2006, Ban)
- Idaho Amendment 2 (2006)
- South Carolina Amendment 1 (2006, Ban)
- South Dakota Amendment C (2006)
- Tennessee Amendment 1 (2006, Ban)
- Marshall-Newman Amendment (Virginia) (2006, Ban)
- Wisconsin Referendum 1 (2006, Ban)
- Arizona Proposition 102 (2008, Ban)
- California Proposition 8 (2008, Ban)
- Florida Amendment 2 (2008, Ban)
- Maine Question 1 (2009, Legalizing legislation defeated)
|
|---|
| | 2010s | |
|---|
| |
|
|
|---|
| | | | Same-sex marriage legalized: |
|
|---|
| | Same-sex marriage recognized but not performed: | |
|---|
| | Civil union or domestic partnership legal: | |
|---|
| | Same-sex marriage prohibited by statute: | |
|---|
| Same-sex marriage prohibited
by constitutional amendment: | |
|---|
| Same-sex marriage and civil unions prohibited
by constitutional amendment: | |
|---|
| All types of same-sex unions prohibited
by constitutional amendment: | |
|---|
| Recognition of same-sex unions undefined
by statute or constitutional amendment:
| |
|---|
|
Notes
♦ Marriages entered into in Utah between December 20, 2013 and January 6, 2014 due to the ruling in Kitchen v. Herbert are recognised for federal purposes but not by the state itself, except for the purpose of joint tax filings, as they follow Federal status. |
|
