Obninsk
| Obninsk (English) Обнинск (Russian) | |
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 Aerial view of Obninsk | |
.svg.png) Location of Kaluga Oblast in Russia | |
  Obninsk | |
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| Administrative status (as of October 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kaluga Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | City of Obninsk[1] |
| Administrative center of | City of Obninsk[1] |
| Municipal status (as of October 2011) | |
| Urban okrug | Obninsk Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Obninsk Urban Okrug[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 42.97 km2 (16.59 sq mi)[citation needed] |
| Population (2010 Census) | 104,739 inhabitants[3] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 153rd |
| Density | 2,437 /km2 (6,310 /sq mi)[4] |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+04:00)[5] |
| Founded | 1946[citation needed] |
| City status since | 1956[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 249030 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 48439[citation needed] |
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Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River 100 kilometers (62 mi) southwest of Moscow and 80 kilometers (50 mi) from Kaluga. Population: 104,739 (2010 Census).[3]
History
The history of Obninsk began in 1945 when the First Research Institute Laboratory "V", which later became known as IPPE was founded. On June 27, 1954, in Obninsk started operations of the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid. The city was built next to the plant in order to support it. Scientists, engineers, construction workers, teachers and other professionals moved to Obninsk from all over the Soviet Union. Town status was granted to Obninsk on June 24, 1956. The name of the city is taken from Obninskoye, the train station in Moscow-Bryansk railroad, built in Tsarist times.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Obninsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the City of Obninsk is incorporated as Obninsk Urban Okrug.[2]
Demographics
According to the 2010 Census, the population of the city was 104,739,[3] down from 105,706 recorded in the 2002 Census,[7] but up from 100,178 recorded in the 1989 Census.[8]
The average age of the citizens is thirty-nine years.[9]
Transportation
The city is located on the main rail line between Moscow and Kiev and at the intersection of Kiev and Warsaw highways. Three international airports are within reach from Obninsk: Vnukovo (70 km), Domodedovo (100 km), and Sheremetyevo (130 km). Cargo airfield Yermolino is only 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) away.
Science and education
Obninsk is one of the major Russian science cities. In 2000, it was awarded the status of the First Science City of Russia. The city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, nuclear methods and radiation technology, technology of non-metallic materials, medical radiology, meteorology and ecology and environmental protection.[9]
The first nuclear power plant in the world for the large-scale production of electricity opened here on June 27, 1954, and it also doubled as a training base for the crew of the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarine, the K-3 Leninsky Komsomol. Now the city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, radiation technology, medical radiology, and meteorology.
Obninsk is famous for its meteorological tower which was built to study spreading of radiation from the nuclear station.
The following institutes are located in the city:[10]
- State Scientific Center of Russian Federation Institute for Physics and Power Engineering
- State Scientific Center of Russian Federation Obninsk Scientific Production Enterprise "Tekhnologiya"
- Medical Radiological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences
- Obninsk Branch of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation "Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry"
- Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering
- Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information (World Data Center)
- Central Pilot Expedition of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Radiology and Agroecology
- Central Design Bureau of Hydrometeorological Instrumentation
- Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Meteorology
- Scientific Production Association TYPHOON
Government
The Head of the City Administration is Alexander Avdeyev.[11]
Sport
There's a bandy club called Atom[12]
International relations
Obninsk has three sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:
Obninsk also has a partnership with:
Limousin, France- Montpellier Agglomération, France
Jyväskylä, Finland
Tiraspol, Transnistria
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Charter of Kaluga Oblast
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Law #7-OZ
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Russian)
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Business Guide to the Kaluga Region of Russia". Jyväskylä University of Applied Sciences. 2009.
- ↑ "Research & Education". City of Obninsk.
- ↑ "Alexander Avdeyev". Avdeev-obninsk.ru. Retrieved 2013-01-25.
- ↑ Official homepage
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Калужской области. №473 27 марта 1996 г. «Устав Калужской области», в ред. Закона №465-ОЗ от 30 сентября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в Устав Калужской области». Опубликован: "Весть", №79, 9 апреля 1996 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kaluga Oblast. #473 March 27, 1996 Charter of Kaluga Oblast, as amended by the Law #465-OZ of September 30, 2013 On Amending the Charter of Kaluga Oblast. ).
- Законодательное Собрание Калужской области. Закон №7-ОЗ от 28 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, расположенных на территории административно-территориальных единиц "Бабынинский район", "Боровский район", "Дзержинский район", "Жиздринский район", "Жуковский район", "Износковский район", "Козельский район", "Малоярославецкий район", "Мосальский район", "Ферзиковский район", "Хвастовичский район", "город Калуга", "город Обнинск", и наделении их статусом городского поселения, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №497-ОЗ от 25 октября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Калужской области в связи с уточнением написания наименований населённых пунктов». Вступил в силу после официального опубликования, за исключением положений о муниципальном образовании "Город Калуга", для которых установлены иные сроки вступления в силу. Опубликован: "Весть", №402–404, 29 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kaluga Oblast. Law #7-OZ of December 28, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Located on the Territory of the Administrative-Territorial Units of "Babyninsky District", "Borovsky District", "Dzerzhinsky District", "Zhizdrinsky District", "Zhukovsky District", "Iznoskovsky District", "Kozelsky District", "Maloyaroslavetsky District", "Mosalsky District", "Ferzikovsky District", "Khvastovichsky District", "City of Kaluga", "City of Obninsk", and on Granting Them the Status of an Urban Settlement, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District, as amended by the Law #497-OZ of October 25, 2013 On Amending Various Laws of Kaluga Oblast Due to the Spelling Clarifications of the Names of Inhabited Localities. Effective as of after the official publication, with the exception of the clauses regarding the municipal formation of the "City of Kaluga", for which different dates of taking effect are specified.).
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