Northern viscacha
| Northern viscacha | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Conservation status | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Rodentia |
| Family: | Chinchillidae |
| Genus: | Lagidium |
| Species: | L. peruanum |
| Binomial name | |
| Lagidium peruanum Meyen, 1833 | |
The northern viscacha (Lagidium peruanum) is a species of rodent in the family Chinchillidae.[2] It is known from Peru and Chile, at elevations from 300 to 5000 m, and may also be present in Bolivia.[1]
Description
The northern viscacha grows to a head and body length of some 300 to 450 millimetres (12 to 18 in) with a bushy tail nearly as long which can be curled in a coil. The adult weight is between 900 and 1,600 grams (32 and 56 oz). Its long ears are furry and its body fur is dense and soft, but the tail has coarser hairs. The dorsal (upper) surface ranges from dark grey at lower altitudes to brown at higher elevations. The ventral (under) surface is cream or pale grey and the tip of the tail is reddish-brown or black.[3]
Distribution and habitat
The northern viscacha is native to central and southern Peru and northern Chile, and may also be present in the area around Lake Titicaca in Bolivia. Its altitude range extends from 300 metres (980 ft) to 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) above sea level. It makes its home in crevices in the rock and is found in various habitats where suitable rocky outcrops are found.[1] Most populations occur between the tree line and the snow line, but the distribution is patchy with the animal being common in some localities and absent in others even though the habitat seems equally suitable.[3]
Behaviour
The northern viscacha is a herbivore and feeds on a variety of plant material including grasses, roots and seeds.[4] Breeding usually takes place during October and November. A litter usually consists of a single pup born after a gestation period of about 140 days. This is weaned when about 8 weeks old.[1]
It is preyed on by the Andean mountain cat (Leopardus jacobitus), the colocolo (Leopardus colocolo) and the culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus) in high altitude desert regions.[5] The northern viscacha is more often found on larger, steeper portions of cliffs. This preference is probably driven by a need to avoid predators as land-based carnivores are more easily evaded on a steep slope. It rarely ventures far from rocks as these provide a means of escaping from both aerial and terrestrial predators.[6]
Status
The northern viscacha is common within suitable habitat in its range. The population size is relatively stable and although it is hunted locally for food, no other significant threats have been identified, so the IUCN lists the species as being of "Least Concern" in its Red List of Threatened Species.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Pacheco, V., Zeballos, H., Vivar, E. & Bernal, N. (2008). Lagidium peruanum. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 5 January 2009.
- ↑ Woods, C. A.; Kilpatrick, C. W. (2005). "Infraorder Hystricognathi". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1551. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wund, M. (2000). "Lagidium peruanum: northern viscacha". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved 2013-10-04.
- ↑ Werner, F. A.; Ledesma, K. J.; R. Hidalgo B. (2006). "Mountain vizcacha (Lagidium cf. peruanum) in Ecuador - First record of Chinchillidae from the Northern Andes" (pdf). Mastozoología Neotropical 13 (2): 271–274.
- ↑ Walker, R. Susan; Novaro, Andrés J.; Perovic, Pablo; Palacios, Rocio; Donadio, Emiliano; Lucherini, Mauro; Pia, Mónica; López, María Soledad (2007). "Diets of three species of Andean carnivores in high-altitude deserts of Argentina". Journal of Mammalogy 88 (2): 519–525. doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-172R.1.
- ↑ Walker, R. S. (2000). "Habitat use by mountain vizcachas (Lagidium viscacia Molina, 1782) in the Patagonian steppe". Zeitschrift Fur Saugetierkunde-International Journal of Mammalian Biology 65 (5): 293–300.
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