Nikolskoye, Kamchatka Krai
| Nikolskoye (English) Никольское (Russian) | |
|---|---|
|
- Rural locality[1] - Selo[1] | |
 View of Nikolskoye | |
  Nikolskoye | |
|
| |
| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kamchatka Krai[1] |
| Administrative district | Aleutsky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Aleutsky District[1] |
| Municipal status | |
| Municipal district | Aleutsky Municipal District[2] |
| Rural settlement | Nikolskoye Rural Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 676 inhabitants[3] |
| Time zone | MAGT (UTC+12:00)[4] |
| Founded | 1826[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 684500 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 41547[citation needed] |
Nikolskoye (Russian: Нико́льское) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Aleutsky District of Kamchatka Krai, Russia,[1] located on the Bering Island in the Commander Islands chain. Population: 676 (2010 Census);[3] 808 (2002 Census);[6] 1,356 (1989 Census).[7] It is the only remaining inhabited locality in the district.
History
It was founded in 1826 by Aleut (Unangan) settlers from Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands who were brought there by Russian fur traders.[citation needed] While engaging to some extent in the traditional pursuits of whaling and sealing with harpoons and spears, they were primarily employed in the harvest of fur-bearing animals, notably sea otters and fur seals.
Demographics
Currently, the population is divided roughly evenly between Russians and Aleuts, but mixing between the two is common.
Economy
The current economy is based primarily on fishing, especially the harvest of salmon caviar, mushroom gathering, and government services and subsidies. Despite living in an environment that is extremely rich with wildlife, the inhabitants of the island are very restricted in the use of these resources since almost the entire island is a nature preserve. In the years following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, poaching of fish, arctic fox, reindeer (which were introduced to the island), and migratory waterfowl was widespread, but there is virtually no harvest of marine mammals due to strict protection.
Transportation
Nikolskoye is served by the Nikolskoye Airport.
Climate
Like the rest of Kamchatka Krai, Nikolskoye has a subarctic climate (Dfc), though the ocean makes temperatures much less extreme than interior Siberia, with winters being about four degrees milder than in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The transition to the subpolar oceanic climate of southwest Alaska to the east is very apparent, especially in the extremely low sunshine hours, which average only around 2.8 per day due to the consistent fog from the Aleutian Low and the Oyashio Current on its western flank.
| Climate data for Nikolskoye (1945-1994) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.8 (46) |
5.0 (41) |
5.0 (41) |
7.2 (45) |
13.9 (57) |
22.2 (72) |
20.0 (68) |
23.3 (73.9) |
17.8 (64) |
12.8 (55) |
10.0 (50) |
11.1 (52) |
23.3 (73.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −1.7 (28.9) |
−2.2 (28) |
−1.1 (30) |
0.6 (33.1) |
3.9 (39) |
8.9 (48) |
13.3 (55.9) |
14.4 (57.9) |
12.2 (54) |
5.6 (42.1) |
3.9 (39) |
0.0 (32) |
4.8 (40.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.9 (25) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
−1.1 (30) |
2.0 (35.6) |
6.1 (43) |
10.0 (50) |
11.7 (53.1) |
9.5 (49.1) |
3.7 (38.7) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−2.8 (27) |
2.3 (36.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −6.1 (21) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−2.8 (27) |
0.0 (32) |
3.3 (37.9) |
6.7 (44.1) |
8.9 (48) |
6.7 (44.1) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−2.8 (27) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.2 (−8) |
−23.9 (−11) |
−17.8 (0) |
−13.9 (7) |
−12.2 (10) |
−2.2 (28) |
0.0 (32) |
0.0 (32) |
−2.8 (27) |
−7.8 (18) |
−15 (5) |
−20 (−4) |
−23.9 (−11) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 81.3 (3.201) |
53.9 (2.122) |
50.8 (2) |
52.6 (2.071) |
79.0 (3.11) |
50.3 (1.98) |
54.9 (2.161) |
96.3 (3.791) |
67.3 (2.65) |
84.3 (3.319) |
69.1 (2.72) |
67.8 (2.669) |
807.6 (31.794) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13.8 | 12.7 | 11.4 | 9.6 | 7.7 | 6.2 | 7.6 | 10.4 | 10.8 | 14.2 | 15.0 | 15.1 | 134.5 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 31.0 | 56.5 | 99.2 | 120.0 | 102.3 | 84.0 | 74.4 | 108.5 | 123.0 | 111.6 | 54.0 | 27.9 | 992.4 |
| Source #1: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial[8] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: allmetsat.com (sunshine only)[9] | |||||||||||||
Religion
The first church of Nikolskoye was dedicated to Saint Nicholas and Saint Innocent of Irkutsk, the Enlightener of Siberia. It was, according to the Church Gazetteer of Saint Nicholas Center , built in 1799 by the Russian-American Company. The second building was dedicated in the 1890s and closed after the October Revolution. It was then used as a local club, then a hostel. The building burned down in 1983. A new church is planned for the center of the village, a location not subject to tsunamis. It will be built in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, dismantled, shipped to the island and reassembled.
See also
- Preobrazhenskoye, Kamchatka Oblast, a village which existed on Medny Island
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Law #46
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Law #238
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Russian)
- ↑ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ↑ "RUSSIA - NIKOLSKOYE OSTRO" (PDF). Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. May 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-07.
- ↑ "Nikolskoye, Russia" (PDF). allmetsat.com. October 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Камчатского края. Закон №46 от 29 апреля 2008 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Камчатского края», в ред. Закона №279 от 2 июля 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 5 и 15 Закона Камчатского края "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Камчатского края"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Официальные Ведомости", №65-69, 6 мая 2008 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kamchatka Krai. Law #46 of April 29, 2008 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kamchatka Krai, as amended by the Law #279 of July 2, 2013 On Amending Articles 5 and 15 of the Law of Kamchatka Krai "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kamchatka Krai". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Совет народных депутатов Камчатской области. Закон №238 от 17 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, расположенных на територии Алеутского района Камчатской области, и о наделении их статусом муниципального района, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №448 от 7 июня 2010 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Камчатской области об установлении границ отдельных муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Официальные Ведомости", №86–94, 30 декабря 2004 г. (Council of People's Deputies of Kamchatka Oblast. Law #238 of December 17, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Located on the Territory of Aleutsky District of Kamchatka Oblast and on Grantig Them the Status of a Municipal District, Rural Settlement, as amended by the Law #448 of June 7, 2010 On Amending Various Legislative Acts of Kamchatka Oblast on Establishing the Borders of Various Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links
- Website about Commander Islands (Russian)