New Place

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New Place

New Place sketched by George Vertue when he visited Stratford-upon-Avon in 1737.
Type Gardens
Managed by Shakespeare Birthplace Trust
Public access yes
Museum yes (adjacent in Nash's House)
Region
Address Chapel Street
Stratford-upon-Avon
Warwickshire
England
Parking No
Shop Yes (in Nash's House)
Website www.shakespeare.org.uk
Great Garden, New place.

New Place (grid reference SP201548) was William Shakespeare's final place of residence in Stratford-upon-Avon. He died there in 1616. Though the house no longer exists, the land is owned by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.

The house stood on the corner of Chapel Street and Chapel Lane, and was apparently the second largest dwelling in the town. It was built in 1483 by Sir Hugh Clopton, a wealthy London mercer and Lord Mayor. Built of timber and brick (then an innovation in Stratford) it had ten fireplaces, five handsome gables, and grounds large enough to incorporate two barns and an orchard.[1]

In 1496 Sir Hugh Clopton left New Place in his will to his great-nephew William Clopton I ('my cousin William Clopton') and the male heirs of the lordship of Clopton.[2] In his will William Clopton I (d. 29 May 1521) granted his wife, Rose (d. 17 August 1525)[3] a life interest in the property, with the reversion after her death to his son, William Clopton II. In November 1543 the latter leased it for forty years to a surgeon, Thomas Bentley (d.1549), who left his wife, Anne, a life interest in the lease during her widowhood. Anne remarried, however, and after she became the wife of Richard Charnock, William Clopton II retook possession of New Place. By his wife Elizabeth Grey, the daughter of Sir Edward Grey of Enville, Staffordshire, William Clopton II had a son, William Clopton III (1537–1592), to whom he left New Place by will in 1560. On 20 December 1563, hard-pressed for money to pay his sisters' marriage portions and continue travelling in Italy, William Clopton III sold New Place to William Bott, who had already resided in it for several years. In 1567 Bott sold New Place to William Underhill I (c.1523 – 31 March 1570), an Inner Temple lawyer and clerk of assizes at Warwick, and a substantial property holder in Warwickshire.[4][5][6][7][8]

At his death in 1570, Underhill left New Place to his son, William Underhill II (d.1597), who in 1597 sold it to William Shakespeare for £60. He died two months later, and it emerged that he had been poisoned by his eldest son and heir, Fulke Underhill. According to some sources, Fulke Underhill died in May 1598 while still a minor and before the fact that he had murdered his father was discovered.[9][10][11] According to other sources, however, Fulke Underhill was hanged in 1599 for his father's murder and attainted for felony, whereby his property, including New Place, was forfeit to the crown.[12][7] In 1602 the Court of Exchequer appointed a commission to 'obtain an account of the possessions of Fulke Underhill of Fillongley, county Warwick, felon, who had taken the life of his father, William Underhill, by poison'.[9][13] When Fulke's younger brother, Hercules Underhill, came of age in 1602, his father's former properties were regranted to him, and he and Shakespeare negotiated a confirmation of the sale.[12][7][14]

Shakespeare was associated with London for much of his life, and tradition states that he retired to Stratford in his later years, though he still visited London as late as 1614. He bought the house in 1597 but didn't move into it until 1610.

After Shakespeare's death

In 1616 the house passed to his daughter Susanna Hall, and then his granddaughter, Elizabeth Hall, who had recently remarried after the death of her first husband, Thomas Nash, who had owned the house next door. After Elizabeth died, the house was returned to the Clopton family.

In 1702 John Clopton radically altered, or rebuilt, the original New Place – contemporary illustrations suggest the latter. In 1756 then-owner Reverend Francis Gastrell, having become tired of visitors, attacked and destroyed a mulberry tree in the garden said to have been planted by Shakespeare.[15] In retaliation, the townsfolk destroyed New Place's windows. Gastrell applied for local permission to extend the garden. His application was rejected and his tax was increased, so Gastrell retaliated by demolishing the house in 1759. This greatly outraged the inhabitants and Gastrell was eventually forced to leave town.

The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust acquired New Place and Nash's House in 1876. Today the site of New Place is accessible through a museum that resides in Nash's House, the house next door.[16]

Archaeological excavations

Excavations in the grounds of Nash's House were carried out during 2010, 2011 and 2012 by Birmingham Archaeology.[17] Archaeologists from Time Team visited the dig during 2011 and a special programme on the subject, "Searching for Shakespeare's House", was transmitted on 11 March 2012.[18] BBC One National Treasures broadcast a live programme from the site in August 2011.[19] Findings from the excavation indicated the presence of a Tudor structure but were inconclusive as to the ground plan of Shakespeare's original house.

Gallery

  • Gardens

  • Knot Garden, New place.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Bryson, Bill (2008). Shakespeare: The World as a Stage. London: Harper Perennial. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-00-719790-3. 
  2. ↑ Lawrence 1890, p. 154.
  3. ↑ Rose later married Sir Giles Greville; Fetherston 1877, p. 109.
  4. ↑ Lawrence 1890, pp. 154–5.
  5. ↑ Fetherston 1877, pp. 109–110.
  6. ↑ Stopes 1907, pp. 228–30.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Schoenbaum 1989, p. 17.
  8. ↑ Palmer 1981, p. 49.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Stopes 1907, p. 232.
  10. ↑ Stopes 1916, pp. 260–1.
  11. ↑ Phillips 2005, pp. 6–7.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Schoenbaum 1977, p. 234.
  13. ↑ Shirley 1865, p. 130.
  14. ↑ 'Final Concord Between William Shakespeare and Hercules Underhill', World Digital Library Retrieved 20 December 2013.
  15. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21587468
  16. ↑ British Archaeology The Voice of Archaeology in Britain and Beyond. Issue 113 July/August 2010
  17. ↑ "Digging deeper for Shakespeare", Shakespeare Birthplace Trust website
  18. ↑ Unofficial Time Team website
  19. ↑ "BBC One National Treasures Live on location at the Dig for Shakespeare tonight", Shakespeare Birthplace Trust website

References

External links

Further reading

  • Bearman, Robert, 'Shakespeare's Purchase of New Place', Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 63, Number 4, Winter 2012, pp. 465–86.
  • Watts, Percy R., 'Shakespeare's "Double" Purchase of New Place' (1947), 20 Australian Law Journal, pp. 330–36.
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Coordinates: 52°11′28″N 1°42′27″W / 52.19108°N 1.70739°W / 52.19108; -1.70739

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