New-York Tribune
 The November 16, 1864 issue of the New-York Tribune | |
| Type | Daily newspaper |
|---|---|
| Format | Broadsheet |
| Founded | 1841 |
| Ceased publication | 1966 |
| Headquarters | New York, New York, U.S. |
The New-York Tribune was an American newspaper, first established by Horace Greeley in 1841. From the 1840s through the 1860s it was the dominant Whig Party and then Republican newspaper in the U.S. Its editorials were widely read and helped shape national opinion. In 1924 it was merged with the New York Herald to form the New York Herald Tribune, which in turn ceased publication in 1966.
History
Greeley had previously published a weekly newspaper, The New Yorker (unrelated to the modern magazine), in 1833, and was also publisher of the Whig Party's political organ, Log Cabin. In 1841, he merged operations of the two into a new newspaper, the New-York Tribune.
The Tribune was created by Greeley with the goal of providing a straightforward, trustworthy media source in an era when newspapers such as the New York Sun and New York Herald thrived on sensationalism. The Tribune did reflect some of Horace Greeley's idealist views. His journal retained Karl Marx as European correspondent in 1852; although Marx viewed the Tribune as a 'filthy rag',[1] the arrangement, whereby his collaborator Engels also submitted articles under the by-line, lasted ten years, the final Marx column being published in February 1862.
During Greeley's editorship, the paper was aided by able writers including Charles Anderson Dana, George William Curtis, William Henry Fry, Bayard Taylor, Margaret Fuller, George Ripley, Julius Chambers and Henry Jarvis Raymond.[2]
In 1854 the paper joined the newly formed Republican Party—Greeley chose the party's name—and emphasized opposition to slavery. During the American Civil War (1861–1865) the Tribune usually spoke for the Radical Republican faction that was very hostile to the Confederacy and wanted slavery abolished immediately.
During the first few months of the war, the paper's "on to Richmond" slogan pressured Union general Irvin McDowell into advancing on the Confederate capital of Richmond before his army was ready, resulting in the defeat at the First Battle of Manassas on July 21, 1861. After the failure of the Peninsular Campaign in the spring of 1862, the Tribune pressured President Abraham Lincoln into installing John Pope as commander of the Army of Virginia. During the 1863 Draft Riots a mob tried to burn down the Tribune building which lacked the Gatling guns of the nearby New York Times. [3]
Following Greeley's defeat by Ulysses S. Grant for the presidency of the United States in 1872, Whitelaw Reid, owner of the New York Herald, assumed control of the Tribune. Greeley checked into Dr. Choate's Sanitarium where he died a few weeks later. Under Reid's son, Ogden Mills Reid, the paper acquired the New York Herald to form the New York Herald Tribune, which continued to be run by Ogden M. Reid until his death in 1947. Copies of the New-York Tribune are available on microfilm at many large libraries and online at the Library of Congress.[4] Also, indices from selected years in the late nineteenth century are available on the Library of Congress' website. The original paper articles from the newspaper's morgue are kept at The Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin.
New paper, same name
A "new" New York Tribune debuted in 1976 in New York City. The paper, which was originally named The News World and later changed to The New York City Tribune, was published by News World Communications, Inc., owned by the Unification Church. It was published in the former Tiffany and Company Building at 401 Fifth Avenue until it printed its last edition on January 3, 1991.[5] Its sister paper, The Washington Times, is circulated primarily in the nation's capital. The Tribune carried an expansive "Commentary" section of opinions and editorials. Former New York City Mayor Ed Koch was one of the columnists.
Former Tribune buildings today
- The New York Tribune building was the first home of Pace University. Today, the site where the building once stood is now the One Pace Plaza complex of Pace University's New York City campus. Dr. Choate’s residence and private hospital, where Horace Greeley died, today is part of the campus of Pace University in Pleasantville, New York.
- On December 15, 1921, The New York Tribune bought two plots of ground at 219 and 220 West 40th Street. The headquarters that The New York Tribune built at that site is now the home of the City University of New York Graduate School of Journalism.
In popular culture
- The Tribune was referenced in one rendition of the popular 19th-century ballad, "No Irish Need Apply",[6] as performed by Tony Pastor, as the paper of choice of the anti-Irish antagonist in the song. [citation needed]
References
- ↑ Blumberg, Werner (1972). Karl Marx. New Left Books.
- ↑ Sandburg, Carl (1942). Storm Over the Land. Harcourt, Brace and Company.
- ↑ NYC Riots By William F.B. Vodrey, Cleveland Civil War Round Table
- ↑ "About New-York tribune. (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924," Library of Congress.
- ↑ New York Times. (Late Edition (East Coast)). New York, N.Y.: January 5, 1991
- ↑ Library of Congress: American Memory website (name search required for accession)
Further reading
 |
Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- Anon. "The New York Tribune - A Sketch of Its History" (1883)short pamphlet
- "About New-York tribune. (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
- Baehr, Harry W, The New York tribune since the Civil War (1936)
- Borchard, Gregory A. (2008). "New York Tribune". In Vaughn, Stephen L. Encyclopedia of American Journalism (1st ed.). Abingdon, UK: Routledge. pp. 343–345. ISBN 978-0-415-96950-5.
- Isely, Jeter A. Horace Greeley and the Republican Party, 1853-1861: A study of the New York Tribune (1947)
- Kluger, Richard, and Phyllis Kluger. The Paper: The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune (1986)
- Seitz, Don C. Horace Greeley: Founder of the New York Tribune (1926) online edition
- Van Deusen, Glyndon G. Horace Greeley, Nineteenth-Century Crusader (1953), standard biography online edition
Primary sources
- New York Tribune Index, 1875-1895 U.S. Library of Congress
- text of many issues
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to New York Tribune. |
| ||||||||||||||