Neorion

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This article is about the company. For the Ancient Greek monument, see Neorion (Ancient Greece).
Neorion shipyard in 2009.
Image of an Enfield-Neorion 8000 electric car (1973).
1973 Enfield-Neorion E 8000 Bicini ("jeep" version of the original electric car).
1974 Neorion Chicago 4x4.

Neorion is one of the oldest Greek heavy industries, located in Ermoupolis, on the Greek island of Syros. Today, it is one of the few remaining major industrial corporations in that picturesque and nostalgic island town that used to be the industrial and commercial heart of Greece, before being eclipsed by Piraeus in the late 19th century.

Early activities

Neorion roots go back to a traditional shipyard on that island, known for the construction of ships and boats for use during the Greek revolution of the 1820s, as well as design and building of various types of ships for the new Greek kingdom in the decades that followed. The company that survives to date was officially founded in 1861 to technically support the "Greek Steamship Company", initially employing, in addition to Greek technical staff, several mechanics from W. Europe (who, undoubtedly, contributed to the company know-how). In the 1860s, in addition to ship building it already produced steam engines, boilers, pumps, heavy cannons, etc. A heavy steam engine of its own design and construction received attention when exhibited in an International Exhibition in Paris in 1878, while in 1893 the company produced its first metal steamship. In 1898 the name "Neorion" (an Ancient Greek word indicating a port facility for ship repair and construction) was adopted. Already during the second half of the 19th century it was one of the most important Greek heavy industries, at times second only to the famous Basileiades machine works in Piraeus. Other products of Neorion included a variety of machinery (some of it exported), engine parts and other specialized metal constructions for the Greek industry. In the following decades, Neorion faced many challenges that at times threatened its very existence, but managed to survive, remaining one of the most important Greek shipyards.

Automobile production

In 1972, under the ownership of the Greek millionaire Giannis Goulandris it incorporated Enfield Automotive, originally a British company, owned by Mr. Goulandris, involved in the design and construction of electric cars. This led to the creation of a new company which undertook vehicle production, "Enfield-Neorion E.P.E.", headquartered in Piraeus, and production of the cars (which had been designed in the UK by British and Greek engineers) was transferred to Syros. A young Greek designer, Georgios Michael (later credited with the design of several Greek vehicles) was employed with the new company. A jeep-type version of the vehicle, the E 8000 Bicini (with that spelling) was also introduced in 1973 designed by Mr. Michael, but none of the vehicles produced (a total of a little more than 100 were built, including a few Bicini's and a version of the latter for use in mining facilities) could be sold in Greece due to bureaucratic hurdles created by Greek tax services, connected with their electric power; the entire quantity was thus exported, mostly to the UK.

In 1974, a "pure" Neorion development was undertaken, to materialize a vision of G. Goulandris himself, of a luxury limousine with strong 4x4 character. A team of Greek engineers including Georgios Michael worked in Syros for 8 months, leading to the creation of the Chicago, introduced in 1974. The construction included a robust chassis built by the shipyard and an aluminum body on a steel frame, that incorporated particular reinforcements for passenger protection. Power came from an AMC/Jeep (Wagoneer) V8 engine. The car, nonetheless, was rather controversial: it was a huge limousine with retro-styling, featuring hard-core 4x4 characteristics and was put down even by its own designer. Indeed, Georgios Michael would later describe it as "mountain dinosaur". Today, in view of the 4x4 passenger cars that have appeared ever since, as well as the breed of luxury SUV’s, the car does not look terribly strange anymore; one could actually say that it was ahead of its time (being the second luxury SUV in the world after the Range Rover). A production line had been started with four vehicles at various stages of construction, when a change of Greek law condemned the market prospects of the car. Two were completed and sold before the venture was terminated in 1976. One still survives to date, exhibited in the Thessaloniki Technological Museum.

Neorion today

Neorion shipyards itself continued its course. In 1997, it acquired another big shipyard, Elefsis Shipyards, while it diversified into new fields (like the construction of luxury mega-yachts, and even subcontracting work for aerospace companies) and is fully active today in the form of the powerful Neorion Group of Companies, having entered a new era in its long history.

See also

References

External links

Shipyards
Major ports
Companies
Other
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