Nashua River

Nashua River
Nashua River, just outside Groton, Massachusetts
Origin	Lancaster, Massachusetts
Mouth	Merrimack River
Basin countries	USA
Length	37.5 miles (60 km)
Source elevation	280 feet (85 m) at Clinton, Massachusetts
Avg. discharge	150 cu ft/s (4.2 m3/s)
Basin area	108 square miles (280 km2)

Coordinates: 42°45′59″N 71°26′49″W / 42.76639°N 71.44694°W / 42.76639; -71.44694 The Nashua River, 37.5 miles (60.4 km) long,^[1] is a tributary of the Merrimack River in Massachusetts and New Hampshire in the United States. It is formed in eastern Worcester County, Massachusetts, by junction of its north and south branches near Lancaster, and flows generally north-northeast past Groton to join the Merrimack at Nashua, New Hampshire. The Nashua River Watershed occupies a major portion of north-central Massachusetts and a much smaller portion of southern New Hampshire.

The north branch rises west of Fitchburg, flows about 30 miles (48 km) generally southeast past Fitchburg, and joins the south branch about 5 miles (8.0 km) below its issuance from the Wachusett Reservoir.

History

The Nashua River was heavily used for industry during the colonial period and the early United States. During the late 18th century and early 19th century, the heavy concentration of paper mills and the use of dyes near Fitchburg resulted in pollution that notoriously turned the river various colors downstream from the factories.

In the mid-1960s, Marion Stoddart started a campaign to restore the Nashua River and its tributaries. She built coalitions with labor leaders and business leaders, in particular the paper companies who were the worst polluters of the river. With federal help, eight treatment plants were built or upgraded along the river. A broad conservation buffer was created along about half the river and its two main tributaries. By the early-1990s, most of the industry was still located along the river, but many parts of the river were once again safe for swimming. Her work is the subject of a 30-minute documentary movie.^[2]

Recovery has sparked recreational use of the river at places like Mine Falls Park in Nashua.

The largely volunteer Nashua River Watershed Association, based in Groton, Massachusetts, oversees the condition of the river.^[3]

Watershed

From its impoundment at the Wachusett Reservoir in Clinton, Massachusetts, the South Branch of the Nashua River flows north and joins the North Branch of the Nashua River in Lancaster, Massachusetts. The North Branch of the Nashua River flows southeast from Fitchburg and Leominster, Massachusetts to Lancaster. The Nashua river flows northward from Lancaster, meandering its way through the north-central Massachusetts towns of Harvard, Groton, Dunstable, and Pepperell, before eventually emptying into the Merrimack River at Nashua, New Hampshire. The Nashua River Watershed has a total drainage area of approximately 538 square miles (1393 km²), with 454 square miles (1176 km²) of the watershed occurring in Massachusetts and 74 square miles (192 km²) in New Hampshire. The Nashua River flows for approximately 56 miles (90 km), with approximately 46 of those miles (74 km) flowing through Massachusetts. The Squannacook, Nissitissit, Stillwater, Quinapoxet, North Nashua, and South Nashua Rivers feed it. The watershed encompasses all or part of thirty-one communities, seven in southern New Hampshire and twenty-four in central Massachusetts. The watershed’s largest water body is the Wachusett Reservoir, which provides drinking water to two-thirds of the Commonwealth's population.^[4]

Major watershed components

Major tributaries

See also

• Nashua River Rail Trail
• Nashaway
• List of rivers of Massachusetts
• List of rivers of New Hampshire

References

• "The Promise of Restoration", National Geographic Magazine, November, 1993, Special Edition: Water.
• Parfit, Michael, "New Ideas, New Understanding, New Hope", National Geographic Magazine, November, 1993, Special Edition: Water.

External links

• Nashua River Watershed Association