Nariman Narimanov

Nariman Narimanov Nəriman Nərimanov
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan SSR
In office May, 1920 – May 2, 1921[1]
President	Grigory Kaminsky (First Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party)
Preceded by	Fatali Khan Khoyski (ADR)
Succeeded by	Mirza Davud Huseynov
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
In office May 1921 – April, 1922
Preceded by	Office created
Succeeded by	Gazanfar Musabekov
Personal details
Born	(1870-04-02)April 2, 1870 Tbilisi, Russian Empire
Died	March 19, 1925(1925-03-19) (aged 54) Moscow, Russian SFSR
Religion	None (Atheist)
Website	www.nerimanov.az

Narimanov Nariman Karbalayi Najaf oglu (Azerbaijani: Nərimanov Nəriman Kərbəlayi Nəcəf oğlu, Russian: Нарима́нов Нарима́н Кербелаи Наджа́ф оглу; April 2, 1870 – March 19, 1925) was an Azerbaijani revolutionary, writer, publicist, politician and statesman. In 1920, Narimanov headed the Soviet government of Azerbaijan, the Provisional Military-Revolutionary Committee (16 May 1920 - 19 May 1921), replacing Mirza Davud Huseynov, then he was the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (May 1921 - 1922). In 1922, he was elected chairman of the Union Council of the Transcaucasian SFSR. He was also Party Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union from December 30, 1922, until the day of his death. Narimanov translated into Turkic Nikolai Gogol's The Government Inspector and wrote a large number of plays, stories, and novels, such as Bahadur and Sona (1896). He was also the author of the historical trilogy Nadir-Shah (1899).

The district in Greater Baku, Azerbaijan Medical University and metro station in Baku are named after him. In the Lankaran region there is a town named Narimanabad in his honour. There are cities named after him also in other Post-Soviet states, mainly in Russia.

The revolutionary

Born April 2 (14), 1870, in Tiflis, into a poor Azerbaijani family. After graduating from the Transcaucasian Teachers Seminary, he received the position of teacher in a village of Gizel-Adjal, Tiflis Province, where he became closely acquainted with the hard life of the local peasantry. Later, Narimanov became a teacher in a private pro-gimnasia in Baku, where he founded the first public free-access library and reading hall. This became a cultural center of the entire Transcaucasia. In 1902, at the age of 32, Narimanov entered the Medical Department of Novorossiysk University. During the revolution of 1905-1907, Narimanov took an active part and led the student movement in Odessa. In 1905 he joined the Russian Social-Democratic Workers' Party. Upon his return to Baku, Narimanov guided the Congress of Transcaucasian Turkic Teachers; under his influence, the Congress adopted a resolution on national self-determination of Transcaucasia. A little later, Nariman Narimanov became one of the organizers of the Persian socialist democratic party Isheyun-Asheyun. Soon, Narimanov was exiled to Astrakhan for five years for his activities. After the October Revolution of 1917, Nariman Narimanov became the chairman of Azerbaijani social democratic organization Hummet (Endeavor).

The statesman

The monument to Nariman Narimanov in Baku

In 1920, Narimanov was appointed the chairman of Azerbaijani Revolutionary Committee (Azrevkom) and, shortly thereafter, the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars' (Sovnarkom) of the Azerbaijani Soviet Republic. In April and May 1922, took part in Genoese Conference as a member of the Soviet delegation. In 1922, was elected the chairman of the Union Council of Transcaucasian Federation. On December 30, 1922, the first session of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR elected Narimanov as one of the four chairpersons of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. In April 1923, Narimanov was elected a candidate to the members of Central Committee of RKP(b) (Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks). He clashed with Joseph Stalin's close associate Sergo Ordzhonikidze, who led the Communist Party in Transcaucasia. As a result of this conflict, Ordzhonikidze had Narimanov transferred to posts in Moscow to remove him from the scene of action in the Caucasus region. Nariman Narimanov died in Moscow on March 19, 1925 under suspicious circumstances^{[citation needed]}. He died of a heart attack and his remains were cremated. His ashes were buried in Kremlin Wall Necropolis. Narimanov was survived by his wife Gulsum and by his son Najaf. Najaf Narimanov studied in Moscow, joined the Red Army in 1938 and graduated from the Kiev Higher Military Radio-Technical Engineering School in 1940. He became a member of the Communist Party in 1942. During the Great Patriotic War, he was a commander of a tank division and took part in the Battle of Stalingrad and in the Battle of the Dnieper. Najaf died in battle near Volnovakha in Ukraine.

In the day of his death the Kazan trakt in Ulyanovsk was renamed Narimanovskoye avenue (later and today known as Narimanov Prospect). At the end of the avenue there's a square that was also named after him. In December 1977 the monument to N. Narimanov was opened on that square.

Writings

Monument to Narimanov in Qusar

Narimanov was one of the first activists of young Turkic literature. He translated into Turkic Gogol's Inspector and wrote a large number of plays, stories, and novels; the most well-known among them are the novel Bahadur and Sona (1896) and an historical trilogy Nadir-shah (1899).

Political stance

Video "Ship "Bolshevik Narimanov" by Sabina Shikhlinskaya, Dresden Museum of Art, Germany, 2008

Narimanov was an ardent Bolshevik but he was also a moderate Azeri nationalist and always put the interests of the Azerbaijan SSR before everything else, even at his own risk (he died in Moscow under suspicious circumstances^{[citation needed]}). He is viewed in retrospect as a forerunner of "National Communism." Narimanov was one of the most popular and charismatic leaders of his country; he was sometimes called "the Lenin of the East".

Leon Trotsky considered his death as the second biggest loss for the Eastern world after Lenin.^[2] Sergo Ordzhonikidze described Narimanov as "the greatest representative of our party in the East.".^[3]

Memory

After his death, many streets, centers are named after Narimanov.

•  Azerbaijan: Monuments in Baku, Ganja and Sumgayit, cinema, metro station, schools, raion, village streets in Baku also in Imishli (city) and Ganja, Azerbaijan Medical University, central park as well as villages of Narimanly in Shamkir and Geranboy and Narimankend in Bilasuvar, Gobustan, Kedabek and Sabirabad regions of Azerbaijan, Nariman Narimanov Stadium.
•  Belarus: a village in the village hall of Aleksichskom Khoiniki district, Gomel region.
•  Georgia: a street (changed its name into Kutaisi in 1932),^[4] a museum in Tbilisi (not active anymore), culture center, school, monument and street in Marneuli.
•  Kazakhstan: Kostanay Airport (Narimanovka)
•  Russia: Narimanov, Astrakhan Oblast, a khutor in Leninskoye Rural Settlement of Zimovnikovsky District of Rostov Oblast, a settlement in Nurlatsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan, a village in Narimanovsky Rural Okrug of Tyumensky District of Tyumen Oblast, raion in Baskhortostan, avenue and the area in Ulyanovsk, culture center in Shatura, streets in Volgograd, Chernyanka Belgorod regions, Kostroma and Moscow, street near railway of Voronezh. Narimanov's name once given to Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies.
•  Turkmenistan: a street in Bayramali.
•  Ukraine: an alleyway in Odessa, a street in Kharkiv, village in Kirovagradskiy Oblast.
•  Uzbekistan: a city Payarik was once called as "Narimanovka". A city in Taskhent oblast. Senatoruim.

References

• NARIMANOV, Nariman - Archontology.org at www.archontology.org

• The Great Soviet encyclopedia, 3d edition. - Moscow, 1970-77.

• Altstadt, Audrey. The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity Under Russian Rule (Stanford, 1992).

External links

• Nariman Narimanov: Early Years of Bolsheviks - Wrong Direction, Azerbaijan International- AZER.com
• Nariman Narimanov: Son, Let Me Tell You What It Was Really Like - AZER.com
• Nariman Narimanov's museum in Baku
• Telegram sent by Lenin to Narimanov to thank him and Azerbaijan State Bank for the generous donation of 40 millions of rubles to the famine victims in Volga and in Kurdistan
• Azerbaijani Communists pay tribute to Nariman Narimanov on the 138th anniversary of his birthday

Politics of Azerbaijan until 1920 Parties and organizations Hummet Musavat Adalat Ahrar Ejtema'iyun Amiyun Ittifaq al-Muslimin RSDLP Baku Committee Baku Union of Labourers Difai Mudafia Mujahidin Birlik Azerbaijani National Council Ittihad Turkic Decentralization Party Communist Party Political figures Mammad Amin Rasulzade Sultan Majid Afandiyev Mammad Hasan Hajinski Meshadi Azizbekov Nariman Narimanov Ja'far Pishevari Ahmet Ağaoğlu Samad aga Agamalioglu Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli Gatyr Mammed Aslan bey Gardashov Gara Garabeyov Fatali Khan Khoyski Mammad Yusif Jafarov Nasib Yusifbeyli Khosrov bey Sultanov Events Mazut constitution March Days Baku Commune Centrocaspian Dictatorship Battle of Baku April coup in Baku Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan Political press Akinchi Hummat Takamul Yoldash Bakinskiy Rabochiy Gudok Bakinskiy Proletariy Bakinskiy Den Bakinskiye Vesti Caucasian Word Sea Wave Trudovoy Golos Bakinskiye Izvestiya Irshad Iqbal Yeni Iqbal Achig Soz

v t e Prime Ministers of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Fatali Khan Khoyski Nasib Yusifbeyli Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Mirza Davud Huseynov Nariman Narimanov Gazanfar Musabekov Dadash Buniyatzade Mir Jafar Baghirov Huseyn Rahmanov Teymur Guliyev Mir Jafar Baghirov Teymur Guliyev Sadykh Rahimov Vali Akhundov Mammad Isgandarov Anvar Alikhanov Ali Ibrahimov Hasan Seyidov Ayaz Mutallibov Hasan Hasanov Republic of Azerbaijan Hasan Hasanov Firuz Mustafayev * Rahim Huseynov Ali Masimov Panah Huseynov Surat Huseynov Fuad Guliyev Artur Rasizade Ilham Aliyev Artur Rasizade * Denotes acting

v t e Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Mammad Hasan Hajinski Alimardan Topchubashov Fatali Khan Khoyski Mammad Yusif Jafarov Fatali Khan Khoyski Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic Nariman Narimanov Mirza Davud Huseynov Mahmud Aliyev Tahira Tahirova Elmira Gafarova Huseynaga Sadigov Republic of Azerbaijan Huseynaga Sadigov Tofig Gasimov Hasan Hasanov Tofig Zulfugarov Vilayat Guliyev Elmar Mammadyarov * There was no MFA body between 1921-1944

v t e Communism in Azerbaijan Political parties and organizations Historical Muslim Social Democratic Party (Hummet) Azerbaijan Communist Party Adalat Social-Democratic Party Azerbaijani Democratic Party Present-day United Communist Party of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Communist Party (1993) Communist Party of Azerbaijan (1996) Communist Party of Azerbaijan (2011) Statesmen and revolutionaries Nariman Narimanov Meshadi Azizbekov Abbasgulu bey Shadlinski Gazanfar Musabekov Ja'far Pishevari Ruhulla Akhundov Sultan Majid Afandiyev Ayna Sultanova Samad aga Agamalioglu Hamid Sultanov Khanlar Safaraliyev Mammad Mammadyarov Mir Bashir Gasimov Aliheydar Garayev Mirza Davud Huseynov Mir Jafar Baghirov Chingiz Ildyrym Bunyad Sardarov Dadash Buniyadzade Habib Jabiyev Ali Bayramov Mir Hasan Movsumov Mir Hasan Vazirov Veli Akhundov Abdurrahman Vazirov History and main subjects 26 Baku Commissars Mughan Soviet Republic Azerbaijan People's Government Battle of Baku Sovietization Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic XI Red Army Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia Treaty of Kars TSFSR Anthem of ASSR Flag of ASSR Azerbaijan during World War II Deportation of Azerbaijanis from Armenia Black January Press Hummat Takamul Davat Yoldash Bakinskiy Rabochiy Gudok Bakinskiy Proletariy Bauer und Arbeiter Lenins Weg Pravda Literary figures Mammed Said Ordubadi Samad Vurgun Mikayil Mushfig Isa Huseynov Mirza Ibrahimov Suleyman Rustam Mehdi Huseyn Mammad Rahim Mirvarid Dilbazi Rasul Rza Mir Jalal Pashayev Ferman Kerimzade Cinema 26 Commissars 26 Baku Commissars The Last Pass Wait for the Sign from the Sea Inside the Fire Yeddi Ogul Isterem Morning Stars Doesn't Go Away One Day, Midnight...