Muslim Tyagi
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 10,00,000-12,00,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
•  Pakistan •  India•  Saudi Arabia• | |
| Languages | |
| • Khari Boli • Urdu • | |
| Religion | |
•  Islam 100% • | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| • Tyagi • Ranghar • |
Muslim Tyagi ( مسلم تیاگی, मुस्लिम त्यागी) is a part of the Tyagi community. Its a Muslim community of North India and Pakistan.The people who converted to Islam are known as Muslim Tyagi.[1] Muslim Tyagis are also known as Mulla Brahmin, Musalman Taga, Mahesra and Moolay Taga,[2] in Moradabad division, they are known as Chaudhary (which is a surname used by many Hindu Tyagis as well). They are found in the provinces of Sindh and Punjab in Pakistan and the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. The Muslim Bhumihar of eastern Uttar Pradesh are a community of a similar background.[3]
History and origin
Historically, the Muslim Tyagi were found in the Yamuna Khadir region of Haryana, and the neighbouring districts of Uttar Pradesh. They claim to be originally Gaur Brahmins, and acquired the name Taga or Tyagi because they abandoned (tyag dena in Hindi) priestly functions and took to agriculture.[citation needed] According to some British scholars, they may be identified with the Takkas, a tribe of Scythian origin, who had the snake as its totem.[citation needed] The Tyagis were said to be the oldest inhabitants of the upper Yamuna Khadir.[3]
According to another tradition, in Raja Janamajaya's time, there were no Gaur Brahmins in the country, so he summoned them from beyond the sea. As half of them would not accept any money for their services, so he gave them 154 villages, so they resolved to take no offerings. There is no clarity about the Islamisation of the Tyagis. As per some British accounts, a significant number of Tyagis in western Uttar Pradesh had converted during Aurangzeb's reign and even much earlier.[4][citation needed] Their main clans are the Bachcha, Parashar, Bharadwaj and Gautam.
Chaudhary Manota
The Zamindari Estate had 29 villages in Sambhal, Kanth & Dhampur tehsil. Estate had 3000 bega land for farming & 1800 bega land for Mango orchard. There are 10 deras in different villages of Nagina, Dhampur, Amroha & Sambhal tehsil Largest zamindar family of Tyagi chaudharies of Moradabad, Sambhal,Amroha,Bijnore,Ghaziabad & Meerut districts ZAMINDAR'S OF MANOTA 1)Mia Amir Ullah 2)Chaudhary Karamat Ullah 3)Chaudhary Salamat Ullah 4)Chaudhary Himayat Ullah 5)Hakeem Chaudhary Akthar Hussain, 6)Chaudhary Asghar Hussain & Chaudhary Zafar Hussain (Chaudhary Akhtar Hussain transferred Zamindari to Asghar Hussain & Zafar Hussain in 1946). [citation needed]
Notable person :1)CHAUDHARY HIMAYAT ULLAH . He constructed Hawali in Manota,Sambhal,Moradabad,Seohara & graveyard in Manota. He introduce a mango brand namely Nadir Manota which is popular even nowadays He has established horse stud & supplies horses to Nawab Rampur to Maharaja Gwalior. He is famous for his kindness & helping nature for poors. His 9 meters lihalf is famous all over. 2)Chaudhary Asghar Hussain had done B.Sc.(Electrical) Engineering from AMU Aligarh in 1966 & become ASMOLI BLOCK PRAMUKH 3)Chaudhary Zafar Husain contest MP election from Moradabad constituency also contest two time MLA election from Sambhal vidhansabha. He establish a sugar factory, brickfield, library, school, Prathma Bank & BSNL Telephone exchange for the need of villagers near Moradabad.[5][citation needed]
The Chaudharies of Bachhraon
Perhaps the most important Muslim Tyagi family was that of the Chaudharies of Bachhraon in Jyotiba Phule Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh State.[citation needed] They are descendents of Bacchraj, who is said to have founded the town of Bachhraon during the time of Delhi Sultanate. During the rule of the Mughal Emperor Babar, Bairusal, a Gaur Brahmin arrived from Delhi and married into the family of Bachraj. During a subsequent disputes with his in-laws, he proceeded to massacre the Tyagis. Fearing punishment at the hands of the Mughal Emperor, Bairusal converted to Islam and adopted the name Bahram Khan. His descendents became substantial landowners in western Rohilkhand (i.e. Badaun, Bareilly etc.), with branches in Ujhari in Hasanpur tehsil and Bhojpur near Moradabad.[5][citation needed]
Present circumstances
The Tyagi are still largely a rural community, usually found in multi-caste villages and constitute majority population of that village.[citation needed] They are largely small to medium and some big sized farmers, grow wheat, sorghum and sugar cane. While the peasant proprietors have done well, taking full advantage of the Green Revolution, the large landowners like the Chaudharies of Bachraon have been left destitute by the land reforms carried out in India, after independence.[citation needed] The community are entirely Sunni and split into Barelvi and Deobandi sects.[citation needed] They speak both the Khari boli dialect and standard Urdu. The community is strictly endogamous, and practice both parallel cousin and cross cousin marriages.[citation needed]
In Pakistan, there has been a slow and steady assimilation by the Ranghar community, with increasing inter-marriage between the to groups.[citation needed] They are also in the process of abandoning the Haryanvi dialect in favour of standard Urdu.[citation needed]
Distribution
After the partition of India into India and Pakistan in 1947, almost all the Muslim Tyagis living in Haryana and Punjab states of India moved to Pakistan. They are now mainly settled in Muzaffargarh and Layyah districts of Punjab province, and Nawabshah and Mirpurkhas districts of Sindh province. While many Muslim Tyagis living in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar states moved to Karachi, Sindh after the independence of Pakistan in 1947.[citation needed]
The Muslim Tiyagis of Uttar Pradesh are found mainly in Roorkee, Saharanpur, Moradabad (mainly in and around Hassanpur), Meerut, Hapur, Baghpat, Ghaziabad, and Muzaffarnagar districts. In the Meerut region they are known as Mahesra.[citation needed]
The Mula of Moradabad District, are found in Thakurdwara, are a sub-group of the Tyagis. A large number of Muslim Tyagis also reside in Gulf countries mainly in Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. They are not Saudi citizens but have been living there for a long time as immigrants on a temporary basis. Their population in Riyadh alone is between 5-10 thousand.[citation needed]
Village and towns in India
- Jyotiba Phule Nagar District
- Towns: Bachhraon, Hasanpur and Ujhari.
- Villages: Dhakka, Gangwar, Burawali, Dhawarsi, Sutawali, Shakargarhi, Jaytoli, Piploti, Nehroli, Noorpur, Hariyana, Ashrafpur, Baanska, Mandaripur, Chuchela, Kaneta, Jheal, Galsua and Tanda.
- Bijnor District
- Towns and Villages: Muslim choudharyan in Dhampur tehsil, Seohara, sahaspur, sherkot, Mangalkheda.
- Moradabad District
- Towns and Villages: Hasanpur Majholi, Maanpur, Manota, Chandwar, Janeta, Garhi-salempur, Nehroli, Ghansoorpur, Chaudharpur, Burhanpur, Mau, Mai, Mehmoodpur, Quazipura, Umari.
- Muzaffarnagar District
- Towns:Charthaval, Kutesra and Budhana.
- Villages: Bahedi, Barla, Basdhara, Chapaar, Chokra, Dhaderu, Gandaur(Hazurnagar), Jaroda Nara, Mubarakpur, Navla, Nayamu, Nirdhana, Pavti Khurd, Saidpura, Sujru, Sarwat, and Vigyana.
- Saharanpur District
- Towns: Deoband.
- Villages: Bachiti, Ganjheri, Talheri Buzurg, Ambheta Shekhan, Ambheta Mohan, Khubbapur,and Jhabiran.
- Haridwar District
- Towns: Roorkee, Jhabrera, Piran Kaliyar Sharif.
- Villages: Khajuri, Sarthedi, Chandpur, dhandera, Bedpur.
- Ghaziabad District
- town:Garhmukteshwar.
- Villages: Naikpur, Saintly, Waith, saroorpur,khorajpur, Atseni, Phulri, kaamalpul, dehpa, saina, bhent, dotai, popai, badarnka, nahal, mansoori, dasna, dhawarsi teyala, ajraadha, asodha, ghoongrala, muraadpur, toodi.
- Meerut District
- Towns: Hapur, Kithaur, modinagar and Muradnagar
- Villages: Asoura, Tiyala, Jisori,Jisora, Radhna,Khajuri,badha gaon,shondat,aseelpur, Nanu,Asoura, Kaland, Bahrora, Saravni, Raasna, Damgadhi, Laliyana, Radhna Inayatpur, Asoura.
- Baghpat District
- Towns: Baraut.
- Villages:Ravan(Bada gaon), Ghouspur, Basaud, Luhara, Barnawa, Vinapur.
- Panipat District
- Villages: Subri, Rakseda, Ghasouli.
Famous Muslim Tyagi
- Javed Miandad Pakistani cricketer & EX. Captain of Pakistan national cricket team.[6]
- Kamal Akhtar Panchayati Raj Minister and M.L.A of Samajwadi Party from Hasanpur, Uttar Pradesh.[7]
References
- ↑ Brij Raj Chauhan, Unesco, Rural-urban articulations, A.C. Bros., 1990, ISBN 978-81-85489-01-8, "... In Saharanpur district SC Dube described the Tyagi village where half of the population is of Muslim Tyagi and the other half of the Hindu Tyagi ..."
- ↑ History of origin of some clans in India, with special reference to Jats (1992), Mangal Sen Jindal, Sarup & Sons, p. 159
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 A Glossary of the Tribes & Castes of Punjab by H. A Rose
- ↑ A Glossary of the tribes & castes of Punjab by H. A Rose
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Moradabad District Gazetteer United Provinces District Gazetteer edited by H Neville page 97
- ↑ http://www.tyagicommunity.com/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Muslim_Tyagi_%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%AF%DB%8C_%28%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80_%29#Famous_Persons
- ↑ http://www.samajwadipartyindia.com/kamal_Akhtar.php